• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.278-284
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• 2006

The beneficial effects of digested onion extracts have been assessed by antimutagenic and anticancer activities by Ames test and SRB test. The total phenolic acids and flavonoids in onion extracts were determined. Red and yellow onions contain more phenolic acids and flavonoids than those in the white onion. Digested, extracts showed antimutagenic activity and anticancer activity, and it appears that the antimutagenic activity of digested extracts of onion against mutagens and anticancer activities were related to their phenols and flavonoids contents. Moreover, the extracts inhibited the proliferation of four human tumorigenic cell lines such as HT-29 (colon), MCF-7 (breast), DU-145 (prostate) and HepG2 (liver), in a dose-dependent manner. Phenolic acids and flavonoids caused oxidative damage to the cancer cell lines and induced apoptosis. Generally, red onion extracts showed effective antimutagenic and anticancer activity, and the digested red onion extracts elicited stronger antimutagenic activity than those of the onion extracts without digestion.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 1999

Various lactic acid bacteria were isolated from Korean Kimchi in order to study their antimutagenic substances. Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 showed the strain KLAB21 to have the highest antimutagenic activity among the 230 isolated strains against MNNG (N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine), NPD (4-nitro-O-phenylenediamine), NQO (4-nitrosoquinoline-1-oxide) and AFB1 (aflatoxin B1). The strain was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum based on its morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics. Antimutagenic activity of L. plantarum KLAB21 was found in culture supernatant suggesting the bacterium secrete antimutagenic substance in the media. No mutagenic activity was found in the culture supernatant. The isolated strain L. plantarum KLAB21 showed much higher antimutagenic activity than L. plantarum IAM1261 which is being used industrially for fermented milk production. The antimutagenic activity of L.plantarum KLAB21 was reconfirmed by the spore-rec assay using spores of Bacillus subtilis H17($Rec^+$) and M45($Rec^-$).

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.133-138
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• 1995

In vitro antimutagenic activity of methanol extract from brrwn rice and its physico-chemical characteristics were investigated using Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay and SOS chromotest. Methanol extracts of brown rice were not mutagenic compared with direct and indirect, mutagenicities of 4NQO (4-nitroquinoline oxide), 2NF(2-nitrofluorene), Trp-p-1(3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole), and Trp-p-2(3-Amino-1-methy-5H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole). Antimutagenic activity against the indirect mutagenicties induced by Trp-p-1, Trp-p-2 and AFB1 (aflatoxin B1) was found in methanol extract. Even though antimutagenic activity showed dose-dependent, it remained constant at inhibition rate ranging 60~90% when the concentration was abov 3mg/plate in the S. typhimurium reversion assay and 0.2~0.6 mg/assay in the SOS chromotest. The antimutagenic activity of the methanol extracts was stable at various pH (2, 7 and 10), temperatures (60, 80 and 10$0^{\circ}C$)and heation times (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 min at 10$0^{\circ}C$).

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2013

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans JG22 isolated from pepper leaf jangajji on the mutagenic activity of N-methyl, N'-nitro, N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and 2-nitrofluene (2-NF) and to evaluate the effect of physico-chemical pretreatment on the antimutagenic activity of the strain. The viable cells of JG22 strain displayed a significantly high (p <0.05) antimutagenic activity against both mutagens tested. The antimutagenic effect of JG22 strain seems to be positively correlated with the amounts of the cells in the incubation time. This strain produced the antimutagenic activity of the maximum levels after preincubation for 30 min. The binding of this strain against the mutagenic compounds might be mainly present in the cell wall fraction rather than the cytosol fraction. Pretreatment with proteolytic enzymes and simulated gastric and intestinal juices and at different pH values had no significant effect on two mutagens removal by the viable cells. However, the binding activity of the mutagen by the strain seems to be affected by heating, enzymes including $\alpha$-amylase and lysozyme, divalent ions, and sodium metaperiodate. Thus, carbohydrates consisting of the cell walls may be important elements responsible for the binding of MNNG and 2-NF by this strain. In conclusion, the binding of the mutagens to cells of JG 22 strain may play a vital role in suppressing the process of mutagenesis induced by mutagens.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.432-438
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• 2001

우리나라 동치미 발효에 관여하는 유산균의 항돌연변이활성을 조사하기 위하여 숙성중의 동치미부터 300여주의 유산균을 분리하였다. 이들 균주들의 항돌연변이활성이 활성을 Salmonella enterotica serovar typhimurium TA100과 TA98을 이용하여 조사하고 직접 변이원 MNNG, NPD, 4-NQO와 간접변이원으로서 AFB1에 대하여 항돌연변이 활성이 가장 우수한 DLAB19균주를 최종 선별하였다. 최종 선별한 DL-AB19의 형태학적, 배양학적 및 생리학적 특성을 조사하여 Bergeys Manual Systematic Bacteriology의 분류 기준에 따라 동정한 결과 Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris 또는 그 유연균으로 동정하였다. Leu. mesenteroides subsp. cremoris DLAB19의 배양 상징액의 MNNG, NPD, 4-NQO 및 AFB1에 대한 항돌연변이 활성은 100$\mu$ι/plate 첨가시활성이 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 B. subtilis의 포자를 이용한 spore-assay 방법을 사용하여 MNNG와 4-NQO에 대한 항돌연변이 활성을 가지고 있음을 재확인하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.925-930
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• 2004

양파 열수 추출물의 항산화능 및 인공소화 전과후의 항돌연변이 효과를 BHT와 ascorbic acid와 비교하여 조사하였다. 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드의 함량은 노란색 양파 추출물이 횐색 양파 추출물보다 많았으며, 양파 추출물의 과산화수소 소거능은 농도가 증가함에 따라 비례적으로 증가하였다. $\beta-carotene-linoleate\;system$에서 항산화능과 reducing power는 증가되었으나, BHT와 ascorbic acid보다는 낮았다. 양파열수 추출물의 인공소화 후에 IQ와 MNNG로 처리된 Salmonella typhimurium TA80과 TA100에 대하여 항돌연변이 효과가 나타났으며, 노란색 양파가 횐색 양파보다 높게 나타났다. 결론적으로 양파 추출물을 소화시키면 항산화 및 항돌연변이의 효과는 양파의 페놀과 플라보노이드의 성분 변화에 의한 것으로 판단된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.192-199
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• 2016

The antioxidative activity and antimutagenic activity of the ethanol extracts from pericarp and seeds of wild grape (Vitis coignetiea) were analyzed in this study. The antioxidative activity of the extracts from wild grape was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay. The antimutagenic activity of the extracts was evaluated on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 by Ames test using 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) and sodium azide as mutagens. In the antioxidative activity determination, $IC_{50}$ values of the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts from pericarp and seeds were 27.16 ppm and 7.61 ppm, respectively. Additionally, ABTS radical scavenging activities of pericarp and seed extract were 99.75% and 98.87% at 200 ppm, respectively. In the antimutagenic activity determination, pericarp extract at 5 mg/plate inhibited 72.6% and 74.3% of mutagenicity of S. typhimurium TA98 induced by 4-NQO and sodium azaid, respectively. Also, the mutagenicity inhibition rates of seed extract at 5 mg/plate were 77.8% and 74.5% in S. typhimurium TA100 induced by 4-NQO and sodium azaid, respectively. These results demonstrate that the ethanol extract from wild grape has remarkable antioxidant activity and antimutagenicity.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.348-353
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• 1997

The antimutagenic and cancer cell growth inhibitory effects of methanol extracts from 9 kinds of seaweed were studied in the Ames assay and cell culture systems, respectively. The methanol extracts from the seaweeds of sea lettuce, chlorella, sea tangle, sea mustard, sporophyll of sea mustard, fusiforme, seaweed papulosa, purple laver and ceylon moss showed antimutagenicities against aflatoxin B₁(AFB₁) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in the Salmonella typhimurium TA100. These extracts revealed relatively higher antimutagenicity against AFB₁(indirect mutagen) than MNNG(direct mutagen). Sporophyll of sea mustard and seaweed papulosa exhibited strong antimutagenic activity against AFB₁, and sporophyll of sea mustard, sea tangle and ceylon moss also reduced the mutagenicity induced by MNNG. The sporophyll fo sea mustard exerted the highest antimutagenic activity among the samples treated. The methanol extracts from 9 kinds of seaweed inhibited the growth of two cancer cell lines, AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells and HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells. Sea tangle, sea mustard and sporophyll of sea mustard inhibited the growth of cancer cells significantly. These results suggest that various seaweeds show not only antimutagenic activity but also growth inhibitory effect of some cancer cells.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.379-386
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• 2009

The antimutagenic and cytotoxic activities of ethanol and water extracts from Rubus coreanum were investigated in this study. Their antimutagenic activities were measured by the Ames test and their cytotoxic activities were evaluated by the growth inhibition of cancer cells via the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. In the results, the inhibition rates of the ethanol and water extracts toward mutagenicity induced by 4-NQO were 95.0% and 93.6% at 5 mg/plate, respectively, while their inhibition rates against mutagenicity induced by sodium azide were 27.2% and 40.8%, respectively. According to MTT assay, the cytotoxicity values of the ethanol extract against Hep3B and HeLa cells were 67.2% and 68.5%, respectively, and the values for the water extract were 65.8% and 66.4%, respectively. In the SRB assay, the ethanol and water extracts inhibited over 60% of cancer cell growth. In conclusion, both the ethanol and water extracts of Rubus coreanum offer potentially good antimutagenic and anticancer effects.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.386-391
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• 1998

김치로부터 분리 동정된 Lactobacillus plantarum KLAB21 균주에 있어서 항돌연변이 활성물질 생산을 위한 최적 조건을 조사하였다. 탄소원으로서 glucose 첨가시 가장 높은 항돌연변이 활성을 나타내었으며, 질소원으로서는 yeast extract와 bactopeptone 첨가시 활성이 우수하였다. 탄소원인 glucose의 농도는 2%에서, 질소원인 yeast extract와 bactopeptone의 농도는 1%에서 가장 우수한 항돌연변이 활성을 나타내었다. 항돌연변이 활성의 최적 배양 조건은 초기 pH 배양온도, 배양속도 각각 7.0, 37$^{\circ}C$, 150rpm이었다. 상기의 최적 조건에서 36시간 배양시 가장 높은 항돌연변이 활성을 나타내었는데 S. typhimurium TA100과 S. typhimurium TA98을 이용한 조사결과 항돌연변이 활성이 각각 73.95%, 59.47%이었다.