• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 2009

The in vitro antibacterial activities of honeybee(Apis mellifera. L) venom collected by a bee venom collector were investigated against several bacteria including antibiotic-susceptible and resistant Propionibacterium acnes. Honeybee venom was prepared with different concentrations and they showed strong antibacterial activites. Honeybee venom inhibited the growth of the tested antibiotic-resistant P. acnes at the concentration of 1 mg/ml. The inhibitory activities of the honeybee venom showed time-dependent manner. Honeybee venom did not influence the viability of human dermal fibroblast at the high concentration of less than 10 mg/ml. From these results, we expect that honeybee venom has strong antibacterial activities and has advantage for treating cure.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.32-41
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• 2002

To prolong freshness and to reduce a decay rate of cut flowers during storage and distribution, a new packaging paper was developed with grapefruit seed extracts(GFSE) as a natural microorganism control agent. The GFSE was fractionated in order to identify antibiotic fractions by HPLC equipped with C18-reverse phase column chromatography. Among the active fractions, three ones were identified as 1-chloro-2-methyl-benzene (ο-toluene), N, N-dimethyl-benzenemethaneamine, and 1-〔2-(2-ethylethoxy)ethoxy〕-4-(1,1,3,3- tetra methyl)-benzene, while the other three remained unidentified. The GFSE-added paper displayed an effective inhibitory activity against putrefactive bacteria and fungi which were involved in the decay of flowers. Despite excellent antimicrobial acts of the GFSE-treated packaging paper, it was not possible to prevent the cut flowers from being dehydrated during storage, which led to the reduction of their fresh weight. However, additional treatment for giving water- repellency property to the GFSE-treated paper decreased a reduction rate of the fresh weight up to around 50% compared to the only GFSE-treated one.

• BMB Reports
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2000

PMAP-23 is a 23-residue antimicrobial peptide derived from porcine myloid cells. In order to investigate the effects of two Pro residues at positions 12 and 15 of PMAP-23 on antibiotic activity, two analogues in which Ala was substituted for Pro residue at position 12 or 15 were synthesized. $Pro^{12}{\rightarrow}Ala$ (PMAPl) or $Pro^{15}{\rightarrow}Ala$(PMAP2) substitution in PMAP-23 caused a significant reduction on antitumor and phospholipid vesicle-disrupting activities, but did not cause a significant effect on antibacterial activity. PMAP-23 displayed the type I ${\beta}-turn$ structure with a negative ellipticity at near 205 om in SDS micelle, whereas PMAP1 and PMAP2 had a somewhat ${\alpha}-helical$ propensity in TFE solution, as compared to PMAP-23. These results suggest that two Pro residues of positions 12 and 15 in PMAP-23 play important roles in the formation of ${\beta}-turn$ structure on lipid membrane and its ${\beta}-turn$ structure may be essential for antibiotic activity including phospholipid vesicle-disrupting property.

• CELLMED
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1.1-1.6
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• 2020

Since times immemorial, people have been dependant on plants for the various nutritional and pharamacological properties. Folk and traditional medicine recognizes thousands of plant species having miraculous benefits. Fig (Ficus carica Linn.) has been part of folk-lore since centuries. Ficus carica Linn. (Moraceae) is a huge deciduous tree, with more than 800 species. Different parts of Ficus carica like bark, root, leaves, fruit and latex have their own valuable importance and are frequently used for the treatment of various illnesses. Fruit of Ficus carica is commonly called as fig (anjeer) has various medicinal properties used in Unani, Ayurvedic and Chinese traditional system of medicines. Fig fruit is mostly used in gastro intestinal and respiratory disorders. In Unani medicine, fig is used as a diuretic, mild laxative and expectorant. Phytochemical studies on the leaves and fruits of the plant have shown that they are rich in Phenolics, Flavonoids, Vitamin C, Alkaloids, Saponins, Coumarins, tannins, organic acids, and volatile compounds due to which it is having great antioxidant property. Most interesting therapeutic effects include hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antimicrobial and hypolipidemic activities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.88-89
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• 2000

Chitosan is derived from chitin by deacetylation in the presence of alkali, which is a copolymer consisting of $\beta$-(1longrightarrow4)-2-acetamido-D-glucose and $\beta$-(1longrightarrow4)-2-amino-D-glucose units with the latter usually exceeding 80% (Arvanitoyannis et al., 1998). Chitosan has been developed as new physiological material since it possesses antibacterial activity, hypocholesterolemic activity and antihypertensive action. However, even though chitosan has very strong functional properties in many areas, its high molecular weight and high viscosity may restrict the use in vivo. In addition, there is little doubt that such properties will influence absorption in the human intestine. Recently, studies on chitosan have attracted interest for converted chitosan to oligosaccharide, because the oligosaccharide possesses not only water-soluble property but also versatile functional properties such as antitumor activity, immune-enhancing effects, enhancement of protective effects against infection with some pathogens in mice, antifungal activity, calcium absorption accelerating effect (Jeon et al., 1999) and antimicrobial activity. There is, however, little information on the toxicity of chitosan oligosaccharide. (omitted)

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Research information related to application of enzyme as pretreatment and subsequent functional finishing on wool blended textiles for imparting multi-functional properties is still scanty. Yarn-blended wool/cotton fabric was pretreated with both a cellulase (Bactosol-CA) or a protease (Savinase-16.0LEx) in individual, subsequently finished with Synthappret-BAP and ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin based combination to impart anti-shrink, anti-microbial, softening and anti-crease properties. The performance of the finished fabrics depended on type of finishing combinations applied rather than enzyme pretreatment. Savinase pretreatment followed by Synthappret+Ceraperm-MW combination finishing impart both anti-shrink property as well as softening, while Bactosol pretreatment followed by ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin and sanitize combination finishing impart antimicrobial activity as well as anti-shrink finish to the wool/cotton blend fabric.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.194-205
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• 2013

In this study, we report dyeing properties and functionality of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with methanol extract from Juniperus chinensis heartwood. Non-aqueous dye of Juniperus chinensis heartwood extracted with methanol was expressed reddish color. It showed relatively good affinity to silk than cotton. Dye uptake of cotton and silk continued to increase according to the increase of the dye concentration. Cotton was not affected by the dyeing temperature and time, however, dye uptake of silk was increased as the dyeing time and temperature were increased. Dye uptake of cotton and silk were the highest at pH 8 and pH 6 respectively. Dyed fabrics showed various colors depending on mordant types and mordant concentration. Washing, light and perspiration fastness were not good. However, rubbing and dry cleaning fastness showed relatively good grade. Dyed fabrics of ultraviolet-cut ability and deodorant ability were improved. Also, dyed fabrics showed very good antimicrobial abilities of 99.9%.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.181-193
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate dyeing properties and functionality of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with hot-water extract from Juniperus chinensis heartwood. Water-soluble dye of Juniperus chinensis heartwood extracted with distilled water was expressed YR color series. Dye uptake of cotton continued to increase according to the increase of the dye concentration. Its variation trends were shown to be similar to the isothermal absorption curve of the Freundlich. Dye uptake of silk was better than cotton, increased depending on increasing concentration of the dye, dyeing time and temperature. Its variation trends were shown to be similar to the isothermal absorption curve of the Langmuir. As the pH increased, the dye uptake of fabrics reduced and showed increased on red tinge. Colors of the dyed fabrics were various, depending on dye concentration and the mordant type and mordant concentration. Washing fastness, light fastness and perspiration fastness were not good. However, rubbing and dry cleaning fastness showed relatively good grade. Dyed fabrics of ultraviolet-cut ability and deodorant ability were improved. And dyed fabrics showed antimicrobial abilities of 99.9% against Staphylococcus aureus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1116-1121
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• 1997

Effects of gamma irradiation onf the activity and the properties(amino acid compositions, in vitro digestibility and SDS-PAGE pattern) of proteolytic enzymes were investigated. The proteolytic activity of soluble human serine protease, enzyme in kiwi and pineapple decreased 10% and 30~65% by 5 kGy and 30 kGy, respectively. In dried pancreatin and lysozyme, the proteolytic and antimicrobial activities decreased 6~14% and 10~20% by 5kGy and 40kGy, respectively. The analysis of above 10kGy-irradiated soluble human serine protease by SDS-PAGE revealed radiolysis of the enzyme into protein or peptides of lower molecular weights. The irradiation of skim milk, hammastein casein, and lysozyme up to 40kGy had no deleterious effect on either the in vitro digestibility or amino acid compositions.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.45-47
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• 2011

Novel antibacterial N-halamine materials with alkyl group were prepared for paint application. Using E. coli and Fungi, antibacterial property of the dichloro hexyl isocyanuric acid (DCHICA) was determined and influences of the antibacterial agent's concentration and the bacteria test time on the antibacterial ability were also investigated. It was also observed that the film made using DCHICA showed better surface biocidal activity against the bacteria and fungi than that of dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCICA) in the absence of alkyl chains.