• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2014

Glass discs functionalized with alkynyl (GDA) terminated monolayers were prepared and incubated in $AgNO_3$ solution (GDA-Ag). The modified functional glass surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS). The potential of GDA and GDA-Ag as antimicrobial surfaces was investigated. Anti-microbial efficacies of GDA against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans was relatively low ranging from 4.67 to 17.00%. However, the GDA-Ag was very effective and its antimicrobial efficacy ranged from 99.90 to 99.99% against the same set of microbial strains except for C. albicans where it was 95.50%. The durability of the Ag bonded to the terminal alkynyl groups was studied by placing the GDA-Ag in PBS buffer solution (pH 7.4) for two weeks. Initially, the silver release was relatively fast, with 40.05 ppb of silver released in first 24 h followed by a very slow and constant release. To study the potential of GDA-Ag for medical applications, in vitro cytotoxicity of GDA-Ag against Human Embryonic Kidney 293 (HEK293) cell lines was studied using WST-assay. The cytotoxicity of the GDA-Ag was very low (5%) and was almost comparable to the control (blank glass disc) indicating that GDA-Ag has a promising potential for medical applications.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 1999년도 IFSCC . ASCS 학술대회 발표 논문
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• pp.1-5
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of IPBC(3-lodo-2-propynylbutyl carbamate) on dandruff caused by the anthropophilic fungus Maiassezia furfur. The effects of IPBC on dandruff were examined by evaluating (a) the MIC value of IPBC using broth dilution method : (b) the remnant antimicrobial activity of IPBC containing shampoo on skin disc ; (c) the antidandruff efficacy of 1.0 % IPBC containing shampoo in double blind clinical trial. To investigate the remnant antimicrobial activity of IPBC against Maiassezia furfur, guinea pig-skin disc was washed with antidandruff shampoo and then the diameter of inhibition zone per disc was measured. For clinical trial, thirty healthy volunteers, aged 25-35, participated in 4 week study. At 0,2,4 weeks, examinations of scaling, itching on scalp were carried out. The MIC(Minimun Inhibition Concentration) values of IPBC range from 0.10 to 1.00$\mu$ g/ml and it seems that IPBC is more effective in the MIC values than zinc pyrithione, selenium disulphide, piroctone olamine and comparable to ketoconazole, climbazole. When the rimnant antimicrobial activity of IPBC shampoo on skin disc was determined, 0.5% IPBC shampoo and 2.0% Ketoconazole shampoo resulted in similar antimicrobial effect. In addition, 1.0%,2.0% IPBC shampoo was more effective than 2.0% ketoconazole shampoo. After two and four-weeks of 1.0% IPBC shampoo treatment, there was significant reduction of scaling, itching in test group compared to control group. On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that 1.0% IPBC is more effective than 2.0% Ketoconazole in reducing dandruff. It seems that strong capacity of drug binding to the stratum corneum plays a role in its antidandruff effect since adsorption of active ingredients on scalp is very important factor in reducing dandruff.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.230-235
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• 2020

The global evolution of antibiotic resistance has threatened the efficacy of available treatment options with ravaging impacts observed in developing countries. As a result, investigations into the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the role of plasmids are crucial. In this study, we investigated the presence and distribution of bla_TEM and gyrA genes, plasmid profiles, and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella strains isolated from raw meat and stool sources across Niger State, Nigeria. Ninety-eight samples, comprising 72 raw meat and 26 stool samples, were screened for Salmonella spp. The antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates to 10 commonly used antimicrobial agents was determined using the KirbyBauer disc diffusion method. Isolates were further analyzed for plasmids, in addition to PCR amplification of beta-lactamase (bla_TEM) and gyrA genes. A total of 31 Salmonella spp. were isolated, with 22 from raw meat (70.97%) and 9 from stool (29.03%). Salmonella spp. with multiple resistance patterns to ceftazidime, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, ampicillin, cloxacillin, and gentamicin were detected. Ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were found to be the most effective among the antibiotics tested, with 67.7% and 93.5% susceptible isolates, respectively. Nine (29.03%) isolates harbored plasmids with molecular sizes ranging between 6557 bp and 23137 bp. PCR amplification of gyrA was detected in 1 (3.23%) of the 31 isolates while 28 isolates (90.32%) were positive for bla_TEM. This study shows the incidence of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella isolates and the possible role of plasmids; it also highlights the prevalence of ampicillin resistance in this local population.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of cotton and silk/rayon fabrics dyed with Saururus chinensis extract against antibiotic-resistant strains. The concentration of the concentrated dye in the Saururus chinensis extracts was 1.1% (o.w.f), and the liquor ratio was 1:10 at 30-70℃. The mordanting method was a post mordanting method. The concentration of Al2(SO4)3, CuSO4 5H2O and FeSO4 and7H2O mordant was 5% (o.w.f), and the liquor ratio was 1:40. In order to assess the antimicrobial activity of naturally dyed fabrics, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 33591, was used by incubating it in Brain Heart Infusion Agar (BHA) including Oxacillin (2㎍/ml) and Fungizone (2.5㎍/ml) and Brain Heart Infusion broth (BHI; Detroit, MI, USA.) The investigation of the reduction of the rate of antibiotic-resistant strains to dyed cotton fabrics and silk/rayon fabrics revealed that Cu mordanting fabric has the highest antimicrobial effects, with the rate of 99.7%, and Fe mordanting fabric has the lowest, with 77.7%. Non-mordant cotton fabrics also show a high reduction rate of strains (94.6%). In the case of dyed silk/rayon fabrics, it indicates a high reduction in the rate of strains in all fabrics with non-mordant treatment (94.2%), Al mordanting (99.6%), and Cu and Fe mordanting(99.9%).

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2009

Objectives：I want to examine the antimicrobial activity of Gwankeibujalijung-tang against Streptococcus pneumoniae 59 isolated from the mouth of a common cold patient. Methods： Antimicrobial activity was assayed through the hot water extract from Gwankeibujalijung-tang against Streptococcus pneumoniae 59 isolated from the mouth of a common cold patient. Results： The size of inhibition zone of Gwankeibujalijung-tang extract was 9.83 $\pm$ 0.11 mm. The optimal pH and temperature for the growth of isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae 59 were 7.0 and 37$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Gwankeibujalijung-tang extract was 12 $\mu\ell$ and the antimicrobial activity of Gwankeibujalijung-tang extract was not destroyed by the heat (121$^{\circ}C$ for 15 min) and not affected by pH. Conclusions： Reviewing this experimental result, it appeared that Gwankeibujalijung-tang had efficacy against Streptococcus pneumoniae 59 isolated from the mouth of a common cold patient.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.37.1-37.6
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• 2021

This study evaluated the efficacy of a new, single-dose otic solution combining florfenicol, terbinafine, and mometasone furoate for the treatment of canine otitis externa (OE) in vitro and in vivo. Forty-one client-owned dogs with OE were included in the study and divided into a treatment group that received the test solution and a negative control group that received a normal saline solution. On day 0, the dogs were treated either with the test or the control solution and evaluated over 30 days. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by clinical signs and cytological organism counts. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). After treatment with the test solution, clinical signs continuously decreased and cytological scores were significantly reduced. The results of MIC testing showed that the test solution was potent against the common pathogenic causes of canine OE. In this study, the most common causative pathogens were Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Pseudomonas spp. and Malassezia pachydermatis. No issues related to safety were identified. Based on these results, this new ototopical drug can be used as first line treatment for canine OE.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2006

이 연구는 식물유래 천연물, TGR-N1의 잔디진균병에 대한 방제효과를 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. In vitro실험에서 TGR-N1은 잔디진균병에 대해 항균효과를 나타내었다. TGR-N1의 500배, 1000배액은 Rhizoctonia solani AG 1-1, Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, Colletotrichum graminicola 에 대해 강한 항균력을 나타내었다. 그러나 Pythium spp.에 대해서는 항균효과가 없었다. TGR-N1의 Rhizoctonia solani AG 1-1, Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2에 대한 포장방제 실험결과, TGR-N1 500배액의 방제가는 각각 86.1%와 83.3%의 방제가를 나타내었다. 이 연구 결과 식물유래 천연물 TGR-N1의 항균 활성이 확인되었는 바 천연물 농약으로서의 잠재성을 보여 주었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.66-70
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• 2018

Helminthostachys zeylanica is a rare plant grows in lightly shaded areas. The fern was traditionally used as antipyretic and antiphlogistic agents. This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial potential of H. zeylanica on foodborne Bacillus cereus. The chemical composition of its ethanolic extract was also determined. The plant samples were collected at Kampung Kebun Relong, Kedah, Malaysia. The ethanolic extract showed significant inhibitory activity on B. cereus with a sizeable clear zone detected on disc diffusion assay. On broth microdilution assay, the MIC of the extract on B. cereus was 6.25 mg/ml and the MBC was 12.5 mg/ml. The inhibitory activity of the extract on B. cereus was bactericidal. In the growth dynamic study, the antibacterial efficacy of the extract was concentration dependent, where a lower colony forming unit count was obtained with increased extract concentration. The SEM micrograph of extract treated B. cereus cells showed invaginations of cell wall. The bacterial cell structure collapsed after 24 h exposure to the extract. The GCMS analysis of the extract showed that the major constituents of the extract were phenol (36.26%) and quercetin (29.70%). This study is important as it shows the potential use of H. zeylanica as an effective agent to control B. cereus related infections.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.23.1-23.12
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to summarize the outcome of in vitro studies comparing the antibacterial effectiveness of QMix with other irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: The research question was developed by using population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design framework. The literature search was performed using 3 electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost until October 2019. The additional hand search was performed from the reference list of the eligible studies. The risk of bias of the studies was independently appraised using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0). Results: Fourteen studies were included in this systematic review. The overall risk of bias for the selected studies was moderate. QMix was found to have a higher antimicrobial activity compared to 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), mixture of tetracycline isonomer, an acid and a detergent (MTAD), 0.2% Cetrimide, SilverSol/H2O2, HYBENX, and grape seed extract (GSE). QMix had higher antibacterial efficacy compared to NaOCl, only when used for a longer time (10 minutes) and with higher volume (above 3 mL). Conclusions: QMix has higher antibacterial activity than 17% EDTA, 2% CHX, MTAD, 0.2% Cetrimide, SilverSol/H2O2, HYBENX, GSE and NaOCl with lower concentration. To improve the effectiveness, QMix is to use for a longer time and at a higher volume.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.953-958
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• 2005

약초 음료인 HC와 PG의 항균효과, 항암효과 및 항알레르기효과에 대해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 원판확산법을 통해 관찰한 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 저지 효과는 약초 음료 HC에 비해 약초 음료 PG에서 더 크게 나타났으며 S. aureus보다 P aeruginosa에 대한 항균력이 더 강하게 나타났다. 48시간 동안 약초발효 음료의 농도를 달리하여 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 증식 저해 정도를 관찰한 결과 S. aureus에 관한 증식 저해 정도는 약초 음료 HC군의 경우 $5\%$대에서부터 확실한 균 증식 억제 정도를 나타내었으며, 48시간 경과 후에는 $10\%$이상의 첨가군에서 균 증식 저해능이 더욱 커짐을 볼 수 있었다 S. aureus에 관한 약초 음료 PG의 증식 저해능은 24시간 경과 후 $5\%$ 첨가군에서 부터 확실한 균증식 억제능을 보였다. P. aeruginosa에 대한 증식 저해 정도는 약초 음료 HC군의 경우 24시간 경과 후 $10\%$대에서부터 확실한 균증식 억제를 나타내었으며, 약초음료 PG의 증식 저 해능은 24시간 경과 후 $5\%$ 첨가군에서 부터 확실한 균 증식 억제능을 나타내었다. 약초 음료 HC와 약초 음료 PG의 고형암(S-180) 성장 억제에 대한 실험 결과 대조군에 비해 $5\%$ HC군에서는 $62\%,\;10\%$ HC군에서는 $66\%$의 고형암 억제효과를 나타내었고, $5\%$ PG군에서는 $53\%,\;10\%$ PG군에서 는 $61\%$의 고형암 성장 억제효과를 나타내었다. 암세포 성장 저해효과 실험결과 인간 유래 간암세포인 Hep3B에 대해 약초 음료 HC원액은 $24.6\%$,약초 음료 PG원액은 $69.2\%$의 저해율를 보였다. 약초 음료 HC와 약초 음료PG의 히스타민 유리 억제효과를 측정한 결과compound 48/80을 처리하여 유리된 히스타민량에 비해 약초 음료PG는 $46.4\%$, 약초 음료 HC는 $17.9\%$의 히스타민 분비 억제효과를 나타내었다.