• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.257-262
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• 2011

The dish cloth requires antimicrobial activity for hygienic purpose. Until now, organic antimicrobial agents of low cost have been frequently used for the anitimicrobial finishing. However, a cleaner hving anitimicroial activity should be more durable considering consumers' ever-increasing expectation. In this study, the cleaner containing the bamboo fiber were finished with a formulation of a new zirconium-containing inorganic agent of zirconium phosphate and polyurethane binders. The optimum treatment condition was investigated. And its durability against repeated laundering cycles was assessed. The existence of Zr after the repeated laundering was verified and the antimicrobial effect did not decrease under 30 washing cycles.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.27-32
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• 2003

As a natural antimicrobial agent, gallnut extract was examined. The extract was separated and analyzed by LC/MS to assign the components, gallic acid, digallic acid, trigallic acid, mono-galloyl glucose, penta-galloyl glucose, etc. Minimum inhibitory concentration of gallnut extract was about 10ppm. Cotton fabrics treated with 10% owf of gallnut extracts had antimicrobial activity showing the reduction of bacteria 99.9% for both Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.39-56
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• 2008

A wide variety of materials including aldehydes, cationic agents, alcohols, peroxygens, phenols and chlorinated phenols, metal ions are being employed as biocides. Among three levels for biocidal functions (sanitization, disinfection and sterilization), disinfection is an enough level for antimicrobial textiles. In terms of antimicrobial agents for textile applications, quaternary ammonium salts (QAS), chitosan, metal and metal salts, N-halamine based materials are developed with numerous research and the positive ions of those materials may result in disinfection of microorganisms. Photocatalysts, especially titanium dioxide (titania) produces the hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}\;OH$) which causes inactivation of microorganisms after UV radiation, have been used for antimicrobial applications.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.166-173
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• 2000

Various kinds of water soluble N,N,N-trimethylchitosan ammonium chloride(TMC) with different molecular weights were synthesized to examine the antimicrobial activity against Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), which causes serious hospital infection, and to apply them to antimicrobial finishing agents for textiles. Chitosan samples were highly deacetylated with sodium hydroxide solution and degraded with hydrogen peroxide to control the molecular weight. TMC has the antimicrobial activities against MRSA and MSSA. TMC showed an excellent antimicrobial activity below the molecular weight of 70,000, especially at 40,000. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of TMC with optimum molecular weight against MRSA and MSSA was 250ppm. Because MRSA did not resist TMC in the subculture test of bouillon medium, it was expected that the successive use of TMC against MRSA was possible.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.323-331
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• 2019

Sorghum is a rich source in phytochemicals, such as tannins, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, phytosterols and policosanols. Sorghum has been known to have antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant properties. In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)-sorghum extract(SE) composite nanoweb was produced by electrospinning and its characteristics including bioactivities were investigated. The SE had antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activities as well as a reduced cytotoxicity. The PVA-SE nanoweb had a highly enhanced antimicrobial activity compared to PVA nanoweb. The amount of proinflammatory cytokine released from macrophages treated with the PVA-SE nanoweb was reduced. The PVA-SE nanoweb can be a potential candidate for medical and cosmeceutical materials providing antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activities with a low degree of cytotoxicity.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.630-634
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• 2013

Cow leather coated with polyurethane film that contains various organic photosensitizers was investigated to demonstrate the antimicrobial properties in the application of the material to protective clothing and home appliances. To prepare the antimicrobial coating on leather surfaces with high potency against microbes, photoactive agents, such as benzophenone (BP), 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino) benzophenone (MK), 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone (DHBP) and methylene blue (MB), were incorporated into polyurethane-based coating solutions. The photoactive antimicrobial agent treated leather samples were characterized by SEM, color appearance, color fastness against abrasion, and antimicrobial tests. The optical properties of organic photosensitizers indicated that active UV absorbance ranges were different: BP (around 250 nm), MK (around 360 nm), DHBP (around 305 nm) and MB (around 295 nm &570 nm-685 nm). The intensity of the UV absorbance curve at the UVA light wavelength for the antimicrobial test showed the highest value with MK; subsequently, this was followed by MB, DHBP and BP in decreasing order. The treated-leather samples demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity under UVA light. The antimicrobial effects for the Staphylococcus aureus were superior to Escherichia coli. Moreover, the polyurethane finishing showed an effective durability to abrasion. The overall results indicated that DHBP is the most suitable PU coating additive to provide antimicrobial properties to leather as well as color and surface appearance than MK, MB, and BP.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.159-164
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• 1999

The study was investigated to the effect of antimicrobial finishing of towel treated by organic antimicrobial agent. It was measured for the optimal condition such as treated time, treated concentration and temperature. After amtimicrobial treatment, mechanical and fastness properties, anti-laundering property were measured.The antimicrobial activity of samples was analyzed quantitatively by masureing the number of colonies of Staphylococcus aureus using the shake flask method. Towel samples treated with the optimal condition such as treated time of 10 minute, and treated temperature of $30^{\circ}C$, concentration of organic antimicrobial agent of 3.5% were shown a high reduction rate in the number of colonies grown and clear zones of inhibition.The effect of reduction rate for laundering until the number of 20 times was shown high reduction rate of over 80%. And the mechanical properties of samples treated with organic antimicrobial agent were not changed approximately.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.74-78
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• 1997

This study was performed to obtain the basic data of the effect of antimicrobic finishing on chrome-tanned leather for apparel. This study was to examine the effect of conditions of antimicrobic finishing on content of antimicrobic agents in the specimen by analysis and on the antimicrobic activity of specimens by means of shake flask test. The optimum conditions of antimicrobic finishing were found to be ; the concentration of Si-QAC-0.5%(o.w.f.), treating time-30minute, and drying method-air drying.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2000

This study was carried out to develope antimicrobial artificial suede by coating with water soluble polyurethane resin and the copolymer of N,N'-dialkyl-N,N'-dialkyl ammonium chloride (DADAAC) and acrylamide as a antimicrobial additve. The copolymer of DADAAC and acrylamide was synthesized by free radical initiation and intra-intermolecular propagation, and the prepared copolymers had sufficient compatibility with water soluble polyurethane resin. The MIC values of the prepared copolymers and antimicrobial characteristics of the artificial suede coated by polyurethane were evaluated. With the increase in the proportion of DADAAC, which is antimicrobially active part in the DADAAC/acrylamide copolymers, the MIC value becomes lower. The MIC value of DADAAC-AA (1 : 1) copolymer is below 30 ppm against S. aureus, and below 90 ppm against K pneumoniae. The artificial suede coated by water soluble polyurethane resin with 1.0% owl concentration of DADAAC/acrylamide copolymer has good antimicrobial fastness as to show colony reduction of above 90% and 80% against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae respectively in the shake flask test after 10 times of washing, and above 95% and 85% after 10 times of dry-cleaning. The elastic recovery of coated suede fabric is not affected up to 1.0% owf concentration of DADAAC-AA copolymer in the polyurethane coating.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.44-49
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• 2007

Antimicrobial fibers were prepared by an electro-spinning method. Polystyrene hydantoin(PSH) was employed as an antimicrobial precursor to produce an electro-spun antimicrobial acrylic fiber. Increasing the surface area of hydrophobic antimicrobial-fibers provides enhanced antimicrobial efficacy. The biocidal activity of electro-spun acrylic fibers could be rendered through chlorine bleach treatment, and the antimicrobial effectiveness against gram-Positive and gram-negative bacteria was investigated. In addition, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) demonstrated the feature of the electro-spun fibers.