• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.713-723
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the physicochemical activities such as mineral contents, antioxidantant activities, ${\partial}$-glucosidase activity, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitory effect of Dangmyon (starch vermicelli) prepared with mulberry leaves powder. Mulberry leaves powder was added in ratio (w/w) of 0% (CON), 0.5% (MD1), 1.0% (MD2), 1.5% (MD3), and 2.0% (MD4), and then mineral contents, total polyphenol contents, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive activities of the Dangmyon were measured. The mineral contents were significantly increased by the addition of mulberry leaves powder (p<0.001). The total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities of Dangmyon were significantly increased by the addition of mulberry leaves powder (p<0.05). In terms of antidiabetic and antihypertensive activities showed MD1~MD4 samples higher contents of ACE and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase compared to control (p<0.05). Our findings suggest that addition of mulberry leaves powder to Dangmyon may improve the effects of anti-oxidation, anti-DM, and anti-hypertension and provide health benefits of consumers.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.95-103
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate antihypertensive effect by single adminstration of Chunghyul-dan in stroke patients. Methods: This is a 31-patient case series from retrospective chart review of inpatients who diagnosed with stroke at a Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital (Seoul) between October 2016 to October 2017. We reviewed patient's charts with transient and sudden increases in blood pressure who were treated with Chunghyul-dan and analyzed blood pressure over time. In addition we classified patients by using the standardized predictive models for Korean medical diagnostic pattern-identification to find out if there are some differences in responder ratios. Results: Thirty one patients who took Chunghyul-dan were identified. 60 minutes, 120 minutes after 1200mg administration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly compared to baseline. We could not identify the difference between the groups of each pattern-identification because of small number of some groups. Conclusions: Although limited by its retrospective nature, this study suggests that Chunghyul-dan may be effective as short term antihypertensive method for stroke patient.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3473-3479
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• 2009

The pharmacological profile of KR-31081, a newly synthesized AT1 receptor antagonist, was evaluated in pithed rats, conscious renal hypertensive rats (RHRs) and conscious furosemide-treated beagle dogs. In pithed rats, KR-31081 (i.v.) induced a non-parallel right shift in the dose-pressor response curve to angiotensin II (ID50: 0.05 mg/kg) with a dose-dependent reduction in the maximum responses; this antagonistic effect was about 40 times more potent than losartan (ID50: 1.74 mg/kg) which showed competitive antagonism. KR-31081 did not alter the responses induced by other agonists such as norepinephrine and vasopressin. In RHRs, orally given KR-31081 produced a dose-dependent and long-lasting (>24 h) antihypertensive effect with a higher potency to losartan (ED20: 0.30 and 3.36 mg/kg, respectively). In furosemide-treated dogs, orally given KR-31081 produced a dose-dependent and long-lasting (>8h) antihypertensive effect with a rapid onset of action (time to Emax: 1-1.5 h) and 20-fold greater potency than losartan (ED20: 0.41 and 8.13 mg/kg, respectively). These results suggest that KR-31081 is a potent, orally active AT1 receptor antagonist useful for the research and diagnostic tools as an added exploratory potential.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2000

Because nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are reported to cause fluid retention and hypertension by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, the effects of piroxicam on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of nifedipine were studied in male spontaneously hypertensive rats. They received nifedipine (0.5 mg/kg) alone or combined with piroxicam (5 mg/kg) intravenously. Plasma levels norepinephrine, an index of sympathetic stimulation, were measured prior to each treatment and 5 min after drug administration. Changes in blood pressure were examined serially and blood samples for analysis of nifedipine were also taken for 6 hr following drug administration. Plasma nifedipine concentration were assayed by HPLC and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Blood pressure was reduced (p<0.01), but plasma norepinephrine level was increased (p<0.05) by nifedipine administration. Anti-hypertensive effect of nifedipine was potentiated (p<0.05) by piroxicam coadministration, but effect of nifedipine on plasma norepinephrine level was not affected. In case of rats received nifedipine and piroxicam, plasma nifedipine concentrations were higher (p<0.05) than those from rats received nifedipine alone at 2,3,4,5 and 6 hours following drug administration. The area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve was increased (p<0.05), while the elimination rate constant was decreased (p<0.01) by piroxicam coadministration. No significant differences were observed in the plasma clearance, apparent volume of distribution and elimination half-life. Thus, piroxicam not only potentiated antihypertensive effect of nifedipine, but also altered nifedipine pharmacokinetics in the rats. It is concluded that the potentiation of nifedipine antihypertensive effect might correlate with the increment of its plasma concentration by piroxicam coadministration.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.178-188
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• 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate whether milk fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K79, which exhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity, has an effect on lowering the blood pressure of hypertensive rats and to investigate biomarker changes in their blood. Experimental group: normal group (NG, Wistar-Kyoto rats): distilled water, control group [NCG, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)]: distilled water, high treatment group (HTG, SHR): 500 mg/kg/day, medium treatment group (SHR): 335 mg/kg/day, low treatment group (SHR): 170 mg/kg/day, positive control group (PCG, SHR): Enalapril, 10 mg/kg/day. The experimental animals used in this study were divided into groups composed of 8 animals. In terms of weight change, a significant difference was observed between the NG and the SHR group, but there was no significant difference between the SHR group. After 8 wk of feeding, blood pressure was lowered more significantly in the HTG (209.9±13.3 mmHg) than in the NCG (230.8±7.3 mmHg). The treatment group has an effect of lowering blood pressure by significantly suppressing blood pressure-related biomarker protein expression than NG. The results obtained can be used as an antihypertensive material in a variety of food raw materials.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.13-22
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• 2008

Objectives : Aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive effect of Gyeok-Pal Sang-Saeng-Yeok-Chim acupuncture treatment in hypertensive patients. Methods : The research subjects were a total of 26 hypertension patients. Eligible participants had systolic blood pressure ${\geq}140mmHg$ or diastolic blood pressure ${\geq}90mmHg$ with antihypertensive drug. Both the experimental and control group were divided into 13 participants respectively with homogeneous consideration. The experimental group had acupuncture treatment, Gyeok-Pal Sang-Saeng-Yeok-Chim, whereas the control group didn't have any treatment. Blood pressure was measured before and after acupuncture treatment for a total of 12 times. Results : After 4 weeks of treatment we could identify a decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in acupuncture, Gyeok-Pal Sang-Saeng-Yeok-Chim, treated group compared to that of control group. The given results by measuring time on blood pressure were as follows: Significant decrease in systolic blood pressure from the $1^{st}$ to $12^{th}$ day of visit(P<0.05) while diastolic blood pressure did not show significant decrease. Conclusions : The results suggest that Gyeok-Pal Sang-Saeng-Yeok-Chim acupuncture treatment is effective in decreasing blood pressure but with statistical restriction compared to that of control group.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.257-263
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• 1984

In our former report we observed that cinnarizine influenced the antihypertensive effect of propranolol beneficially, but not of metoprolol in SHR and normal cat. Cardiac contractilities and smooth muscle relaxations induced by above drugs were measured to elucidate their mechanism of action. In cinnarizine and propranolol treated group, both of negative inotropic and ${\beta}-blocking$ activity of propranolol in perfused rat hearts were increased and propranolol induced contraction in isolated arterial and trachea smooth muscle of the guinea pig was antagonized comparing to propranolol alone treated group. However, in the cinnarizine and metoprolol treated group, no significant differences in activity on the above were observed compared to metoprolol alone treated group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.98-98
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• 2001

It has been suggested that hyperuricemia is related to the development of essential hypertension. Hypertensive patients with hyperuricemia has decreased glomerular filtration activity as compared to normotensive patients with hyperuricemia. These studies indicates uric acid concentrations in blood is associated with hypertension, Probenecid is an uricosuric agent which decreases uric acid reabsorption at the proximal tubule. Recently, we have shown that probenecid exerts anti-hypertensive action in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Considering these results, I have designed a series of experiments to explore potential mechanism of antihypertensive action, of probenecid. In isolated rat thoracic aorta. probenecid significantly prevented phenylephrine-induced contraction of the blood vessel. When endothelium removed blood vessels were used, probenecid produced same effect as the intact blood vessels, indicating that probenecid directly act through the ${\alpha}$ -adrenergic receptor in vascular smooth muscles rather than through endothelium. These results suggest that one of the mechanism of antihypertensive effects of probenecid is due to the direct inhibition of ${\alpha}$ -adrenergic receptor in blood vessels.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the blood pressure reducing effect of Qi-Ju-Di-Huang-Wan (QJDHW) in adults with essential hypertension by using methods of systemic review and meta-analysis. Major search engines, such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Web of Science, CNKI, CiNii, J-STAGE, KISS, NDSL, RISS, OASIS, DBpia and so on, were used. The search period we used is from the start date of the search engine to October 30, 2016 and no language limits were placed. Randomized controlled trials using QJDHW in adults with essential hypertension were searched and extracted by two independent researchers. Meta-analysis was performed on outcome variables of the total effective rate (TER), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Risk of bias (RoB) of Cochrane was used to assess methodological quality. Thirteen studies were finally selected. We observed that the combined treatment of QJDHW and antihypertensive drug had 3.6 times the odds ratio of TER for blood pressure lowering than a single use of an antihypertensive drug. Additionally, mean differences of SBP and DBP were -8.88 mmHg (95% Confidential Interval (CI) -12.77 mmHg, -5.00 mmHg, P<0.00001), -7.09 mmHg (95% CI -9.93, -4.25, P <0.00001), respectively. Single use of QJDHW did not reduce blood pressure more than an antihypertensive drug. All items of RoB were unclear and the methodological quality was low. Our analysis suggests that the combination of QJDHW and antihypertensive drugs may be more effective in reducing blood pressure than a single antihypertensive drug. But due to low methodological quality, careful interpretation will be needed and systematic long-term clinical trials will be required.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.195-201
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• 2004

Background and Purpose : Hypertension is one of the modifiable risk factors for stroke. Lowering blood pressure is a primary or secondary preventative measure for stroke. This study aims to assess the efficacy of Chunghyul-dan(Qingxue-dan) in stage 1 hypertensive patients who have suffered a stroke by 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(24ABPM). Subjects& Methods : We enrolled 40 hospitalized stroke patients with stage 1 hypertension and divided them into 2 groups by stratified randomization; group A took 1200mg of Chunghyul-dan(Qingxue-dan) at 8:00 a.m. for two weeks without changing herbal medicine, and group B was the control group. 28 patients were included in the final analysis(15 in group A. 13 in group B). Blood pressure is monitored from 8:00 am to 7:30 am every 30 minutes for 24 hours. Blood pressure was monitored two times at baseline and again two weeks later. We used 3 parameters for evaluating the efficacy of Chunghyul-dan(Qingxue-dan); The first parameter is change from baseline to two weeks later in blood pressure and pulse rate. The second parameter is the trough/peak ratio(TPR) and smoothness index(SI). The third parameter is antihypertensive rate by antihypertensive efficacy guideline. Results : There is no significant difference in the baseline assessment hetween the two groups. Systolic blood pressure $(141.37{\pm}8.96\;mmHg\;vs\;132.28{\pm}9.46\;mmHg)$ decreased after two weeks of 1200mg(P=0.03) intake of Chunghyul-dan(Qingxue-dan). Systolic TPR and SI was 0.87 and 1.04 in group A. Antihypertensive rate was higher in group A. Conclusion: These results suggest that 1200mg doses of Clunghyul-dan(Qingxue-dan) is an effective antihypertensive agent on stage 1 hypertension patients who have suffered a stroke.