• Toxicological Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 2018

Currently, injuries to customers due to health functional foods are annually increasing. To evaluate the antigenicity of Korean red ginseng mixture (KRGM), we tested for systemic anaphylactic shock and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs. Based on a comparison of measured body weights, there were no changes in body weight for the KRGM treatment group compared with the control group. In the ovalbumin treated group, however, there was a statistically significant decrease in body weight. For the active systemic anaphylaxis test, after the induction, there were no symptoms that suggested anaphylactic shock in the control and KRGM treatment group. In the ovalbumin treated group, there were symptoms that suggested severe anaphylaxis, and those symptoms included restlessness, piloerection, tremor, rubbing or licking the nose, sneezing, coughing, hyperpnea, dyspnea, staggering gait, jumping, gasping and writhing, convulsion, side position and Cheyne-stokes respiration. All animals died within thirty minutes in the ovalbumin treated group. For the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test in guinea pigs sensitized to KRGM, each anti-serum was diluted in a stepwise manner. This was followed by an intravenous injection of a mixture of KRGM and Evans blue. The results of the test showed that all the responses were negative in the control and the low-dose and high-dose administration groups. However, in the ovalbumin treated group, all the responses were positive. Based on the above results, there were no anaphylactic responses for up to 12 times the amount of human intake of KRGM in Hartley Guinea-pigs. The results suggest that KRGM is safe as measured by the systemic and local antigenicity in guinea pigs.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 1993

Surface proteins of Trichomonqs unginnlis (T vqsinalis) were analyzed to study the antigenic variation. The surface proteins of protozoa were labelled by N- hydrokysuccinimide-biotin (NHS-biotins, the NHS-biotin-labelled proteins were immunoprecipitated with rabbit antiserum to purifjr the antigenic fractions and analysed by SDS-PAGE plus electroblotting. The results obtained in this study were as follows; Biotinylated T. uaginalis-proteins obtained from intact cell and cells disrupted prior to labelling were detected by antibiotin-peroxidase in Western blots. Labelled proteins were immunoprecipitated by T. vcqinalis-immunized rabbit serum and the six bands with, the molecular weights of 46, 60, 68, 90, 130 and 220 kDa were identified as having antigenicity. T unginalis HY-1,HY-15 and ATCC 50148 were immunoprecipitated by immune rabbit serum after biotinylation and there were no difference from antigenic bands among these strains by this tehchnique. In conclusion with the results obtained in the present study, it was assumed that surface proteins of T vaqinclis were labelled by biotinylation and the six labelled bands at 46, 60, 68, 90, 130 and 220 kDa in their molecular weight were identified as having antigenicity by immunoprecipitation (IPI and this biotinylation-IP technique may be used for further study of surface antigen of T vaginalis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 1999

The present study observed the variation of antigenicity of Pneumocystis carinii and serum IgG antibody reastion to the antigens from different localtities in Korea. Antigens of rat P,carinii and sera of inhabitants were collected at Chunchon, Chungju, Kwangju and Seoul during 1995-1996. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and immunoblot were used for immune reaction. Absorbance of 1,294 human sera ranged between 0.01and 0.93. Sera from Chunchon showed higher absorbances than those from other areas. Immunoblotting revealed IgG antibody reactions to 116,100, and 45-55 kDa antigenic bands of rat P.carinii, but the frequencies of positive reaction to individual bands were variable by localities. Total 62.6% reacted to 100kDa band and 32.0% to 45-55 kDa bands. For the reaction to 116kda, the reaction rate was 60.0% of the sera showed the reaction to 116kda band while 37.7% reacted to 100kda, the reaction rate was 60.0% to 82.6% by localities. It is found that the reaction rates of the human sera to rat P.carinii antigen are variable according to the localities. Also, the high molecular antigen of 116kDa of rat P.carinii is the most frequent antigenic band reaction to human sera.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.130-137
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• 2000

In order to diagnose canine heartworm infection by antigen capture ELISA, the crude somatic(S), partial somatic(below 45kDa) and excretory/secretory(E/S) antigen of adult heartworm were identified and the antigenicity was examined by silver stain, immunoblot and ELISA. Then, production of monoclonal antibody to specific antigen carried out in this experiment. The bands to S antigen and E/S antigen were recognized between 10 and 200kDa and common bands were recognized strongly 14, 18, 28, 43kDa by silver stain. By western blot analysis, fractions to S antigen were recognized 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, 32, 43, 50, 55kDa, etc. and only a 14kDa to E/S antigen in positive sera which were positive in modified Knott's test and necropsy. In ELISA, the positive sera reacted to antigens(SA, $SA_{45}$, E/S) were significantly different from negative sera by Student's t-test(p<0.05). Four hybridoma cell lines(14, 16, 17, 32kDa) than produce specific monoclonal antibodies for these antigens were obtained by immunizing BALB/c mice with a partially purified somatic antigen (below 45kDa) preparation, by fusing spleen cells with SP2/O cell myeloma cells, and by screening cell culture supernatants for antibody. In these results, it was confirmed that partial somatic antigen(below 45kDa) or E/S antigen can be used for serologic diagnosis of heartworm infection and monoclonal antibody reacting with specific antigen(14kDa) can be used for antigen capture ELISA in prepatent period of canine heartworm infection.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.627-631
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• 2010

The allergenicity of soybeans was analyzed using polyclonal antibodies and the blood sera of patients with soybean allergy, using fourteen different varieties of soybeans that are consumed in Korea. The study that used polyclonal antibodies having specificity for soybeans showed that while some of the fourteen varieties of soybeans contained additional protein bands indicating antigenicity, others lacked such bands, and the most antigenic protein was found in Jinpum soybeans. In comparing blood sera reactivity of four patients having soybean allergies, who had antigenicity values of 65U/ml or more according to CAP testing, the soybean varieties of Danbaek and Shinpaldal2 had the most reactivity and Daewon had the least. The result that the allergenicity of proteins in soybeans differs according to the variety of soybean, leads to the conclusion that it may be possible to reduce consumer allergic reactions to soybean products by choosing an appropriate variety of soybeans.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.475-479
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• 2020

Tegumental and excretory-secretory proteins are reported as diagnostic antigens for human opisthorchiasis. Rhophilin associated tail protein1-like (OvROPN1L) protein of Opisthorchis viverrini sperm tail showed potential as a diagnostic antigen. The OvROPN1L recombinant fragments were assayed for diagnostic antigenicity for human opisthorchiasis using indirect ELISA. The strongest antigenic region was a N-terminus peptide of M1 - P56. One synthetic peptide (P1, L3-Q13) of this region showed the highest antigenicity to opisthorchiasis. Sera from other parasitic infections including Strongyloides stercoralis, hookworm, Taenia spp, minute intestinal flukes, Paragonimus spp showed lower reactivity to P1. Peptide P1 is located in the disordered N-terminus of ROPN1L supporting its suitability as linear epitope. In the Platyhelminthes the N-terminal sequence of ROPN1L is diverging with taxonomic distance further suggesting that peptide P1 has potential as diagnostic tool in the genus Opisthorchis/Clonorchis. It should be further evaluated in combination with peptides derived from other O. viverrini antigens to increase its diagnostic power.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1335-1343
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• 2022

COVID-19 is an emerging disease that poses a severe threat to global public health. As such, there is an urgent demand for vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Here, we describe a virus-like nanoparticle candidate vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 produced by an E. coli expression system. The fusion protein of a truncated ORF2-encoded protein of aa 439~608 (p170) from hepatitis E virus CCJD-517 and the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 were expressed, purified and characterized. The antigenicity and immunogenicity of p170-RBD were evaluated in vitro and in Kunming mice. Our investigation revealed that p170-RBD self-assembled into approximately 24 nm virus-like particles, which could bind to serum from vaccinated people (p < 0.001) and receptors on cells. Immunization with p170-RBD induced the titer of IgG antibody vaccine increased from 14 days post-immunization and was significantly enhanced after a booster immunization at 28 dpi, ultimately reaching a peak level on 42 dpi with a titer of 4.97 log₁₀. Pseudovirus neutralization tests showed that the candidate vaccine induced a strong neutralizing antibody response in mice. In this research, we demonstrated that p170-RBD possesses strong antigenicity and immunogenicity and could be a potential candidate for use in future SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.1423-1429
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• 2011

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of physical treatments on the antigenicity of gliadin in medium wheat flour. The wheat flour was treated with an autoclave (5, 10, 30, 50 min), a microwave (1, 5, 10 min), and both (10, 30, 50 min/ 5, 10 min), and investigated by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting and Ci-ELISA using anti-gliadin IgG. The results showed that the binding ability of anti-gliadin IgG to gliadin in wheat flour was slightly decreased when autoclaved or when autoclaved and microwaved. Especially, it was reduced to about 69% after autoclaving for 50 min and 73% after autoclaving for 50 min and microwaving for 5 min. In addition, gliadin bands in the 50 min autoclaved group disappeared in both SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. On the other hand, the antigenicity of gliadin was unaffected by microwaving alone. Consequently, there were no considerable changes in using an autoclave alone or in combination with a microwave. These results suggest that autoclaving may affect the reduction of the antigenicity of gliadin in medium wheat flour.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.129-138
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• 1993

The marked spread of the cockraches of recent years has raised a great social problem in urban areas. The cockroach have to remove1 because transmit a disease to human as pest insect, but particulars are not yet reported on biological control agent for the cockroach removal. This study was tried for the first time on biological control for the cockroach removal. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The isolated were spore-forming bacillus 1098 strain in soil. The No. 109(TH 109) strain of the among spore-forming bacillus was showed the poisonous against Cockroach. 2. The biological characteristics and flagella antigenicity of the strain is similar to Bacillus thur-ingiensis subsp. indiana. 3. TH 109 strain have the delta-endotoxin of cuboid shap. 4. This delta-endotoxin of product by TH 109 strain was toxic to the cockroach(Blattella gemzanica. L).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.875-882
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• 1997

To produce the recombinant fibronectin-binding protein(FnBP) for development of subunit vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus. The fnbp gene was amplified from the chromosomal DNA of S aureus KNU 196 strain using the polymerase chain reaction, and cloned into pGEX-4T-2. Then, the recombinant FnBP fused with glutathione-S-transferase was produced in E coli, purified by affinity chromatography, and identified its antigenicity and immunogenicity by Western blot. The recombinant FnBP produced in this study is considered to have the same property of native FnBP purified from S aureus, and is expected to be useful as a candidate for S aureus subunit vaccine.