• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.392-394
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• 2016

A 2-year-old spayed female Persian cat presented to Kangwon National University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital with pruritus and erythema on the tips of both ears, around the eyes, and in the caudal abdomen. This patient had previously been prescribed prednisolone, but did not respond positively to the treatment. A skin screening test revealed that there were no fleas or fungi, and that only cocci were present. Blood testing revealed no remarkable findings. The patient was prescribed antibiotics (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 25 mg/kg for 2 weeks) with no prednisolone. After 2 weeks, clinical signs were alleviated and the skin screening test showed no signs of cocci. However, clinical signs recurred even with the prescription of antibiotics. Four weeks after the steroid-free interval, Malassezia spp. hypersensitivity was detected upon a serum allergy test, and pathological analysis confirmed eosinophilic and mastocytic superficial dermatitis in the caudal abdomen. Based on these results, we suspected allergic dermatitis and prescribed 7 mg/kg cyclosporine A once a day. After 3 weeks, clinical signs were resolved. Seven weeks after the first trial with cyclosporine A, we reduced the cyclosporine A dose to 7 mg/kg every other day. The patient's symptoms have since been well controlled for 6 months. This study suggests that cyclosporine A can be a good choice for treating cats with suspected allergic dermatitis that has not responded positively to steroid treatment.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.289-293
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• 2003

Doxorubicin is an anthracycline-family polyketide compound with a very potent anti-cancer activity, typically produced by Streptomyces peucetius. In order to increase doxurubicin productivity, a semi-industrial doxorubicin-producing Streptomyces strain named BR-Dox was cultured in a R2YE liquid medium containing CaCO$_3$, and then converted to a cell wall-free protoplast using lysozyme treatment method, followed by PEG-mediated cell wall regeneration. Among several protoplast-regenerated Streptomyces BR-Dox strains, two independent isolates named BR-Dox4 and BR-Dox6 were visually selected using thin layer chromatography (TLC) based on the pigment overproducing phenotype. Comparing with Streptomyces BR-Dox parental strain, two protoplast-regenerated strains, BR-Dox4 and BR-Dox6 exhibited 25.2％ and 12.2％ higher doxorubicin productivity analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. This result suggests that a protoplast-regeneration of an antibiotics-producing Streptomyces strain should be a promising strain development approach for antibiotics overproduction in Streptomyces species.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.517-521
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• 2007

Questionnaire on utilization of colostrum was carried out in 33 farms. Highest milking cow numbers were 20-40 heads in 45.5% of the farms. Calf numbers were 20-40 heads in 39.4% of the dairy farms and 40-60 heads in 42.4% of the farms. The amount of colostrum production per day was 20-30 kg in 30.3% of the farms and 30-40 kg in 30.3% of the farms. Colostrum intake per calf per day was 4 kg in 45.5% farms. Surplus colostrum after intake by calf was farms (85%) was wasted in 67% of the farms. More than 90% of dairy farms recognize an necessity to use surplus colostrum. Selling price of surplus colostrum was below 1,000 won per kg at 15 dairy farms and 1,000-2,000 won per kg at 4 dairy farms. Colostrum collection and use should be done by the dairy farms of antibiotics free. Quality control of colostrum should be done by testing antibiotics, microbacterium, chemical composition, somatic cells and etc. The colostrum is subjected to cool down below $4^{\circ}C$ just after milking and process for the colostrum products.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.90-96
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• 1994

The rectus abdominis muscle is versatile alone or as a musculocutaneous flap and useful for defects of moderate size requiring well vascularized tissue in the extremities. The muscle is long, thin and thus well suites for the hand, anterior tibial and ankle defects. The anatomical location makes dissection convenient for the working teams simultaneously in the same field. Authors have performed rectus abdominis free muscle transplantation in 10 cased to fit defects or cavities in the lower extremities at Chonbuk National University Hospital from June 1992 through August 1994. The results were as follows: 1. 7 cases of the 10 were exposed lower extremities from the vehicle trauma and rectus abdominis free muscles were transplanted at average of the 40th hospital day. 2. In chronic osteomyelitis, saucerization and parenteral antibiotics infusion therapy were combined with in 2 cases. 3. 9 of 10 cases were in complete success except 1 case, 67-yrs-old female, who was sustained the high-energery motor vehicle trauma. 4. Split thickness skin graft was performed on the well-grown surface of the rectus abdominis muscle in the extremities at the 4th postoperative week and taken well without any complications.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.628-634
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• 2012

Release of veterinary antibiotics (VSs) to agricultural environment through application of animal manure and/or animal manure-based composts to soils is of concern. The current study was conducted to examine decline of VAs during composting the chicken manure. For this, antibiotics free chicken manure (20 kg) and sawdust (10 kg) were added to the bench-scale composting apparatus and then the mixed material was spiked simultaneously with three VAs (chlortetracycline, CTC; sulfamethazine, SMZ; tylosin, TYL) at two different levels (10 and $20mg\;kg^{-1}$). Then the decline of VAs was determined using Charm II system during 53 composting period. For comparison, composting only chicken manure was included at VAs concentration of $10mg\;kg^{-1}$. During composting, the concentration of all three different VAs declined below the prospective guideline values ($0.8mg\;kg^{-1}$ for CTC, $0.2mg\;kg^{-1}$ for SMZ, and $1.0mg\;kg^{-1}$ for TYL) except CTC at $20mg\;kg^{-1}$ spiking when the chicken manure was composted together with sawdust. Interestingly, CTC at $10mg\;kg^{-1}$ spiking appeared to be declined under the guideline value without sawdust while SMZ was resistant to be declined without sawdust. Unlike CTC and SMZ, TYL showed immediate decline right after spiking TYL to composting materials regardless the spiking concentration and existence of sawdust. Appropriate composting procedure of chicken manure was able to decline the residual VAs in the manure below the prospective guideline value and the importance of organic substances on this decline was perceived.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.176-183
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• 1999

Chronic osteomyelitis have been treated with wound dressing and antibiotics therapy often results in healing but foul odor pus discharges from the fibrotic soft tissues reactivates and requires appropriate control of the infection. Debridement of the wound, curettage and sequestrectomy, bone graft and immediate free flap transplantation is the curative protocol for the chronic osteomyelitis in the lower extremity. Authors have treated 7 cases of chronic osteomyelitis in the lower extremity with microsurgical free tissue transplantation at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital from December 1993 through February 1998. The results are as follows. 1. The chronic osteomyelitis occurred in tibial shaft in 4 cases, in calcaneus 2 cases and in femur 1 case. 2. Duration of the chronic osteomyelitis was at average 31.6 years. 3. Squamous cell carcinoma in the surrounding fibrotic tissue was biopsied in 1 case. 4. 4 cases had no trauma and occurred through hematogenous infection and 3 cases had fracture trauma. 5. Wound debridement and immediate free muscle transplantation had done in 5 cases and wound debridement, sequestrectomy and immediate free muscle transplantation in 2 cases. 6. Rectus abdominis muscle transplantation had peformed in 4 cases(57.1%), latissimus dorsi mucle 1 case(14.3%), latissimus dorsi myocutaneous 1 case(14.3%) and gracilis 1 case (14.3%). 6 cases of 7 were success(85.7%). 7. 1 case of failed latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap in thigh had done above knee amputation and 1 case of chronic posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle joint had done below knee amputation at other hospital.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.253-261
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• 2007

This study was conducted to develop an antibiotics marker-free potato (Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Taedong valley) plant having resistance against two herbicides. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105, harboring a binary vector plasmid pCAMBIA3300 containing bar gene under the control of a promoter CaMV35S and linked CP4-EPSPS genes driven by CaMV35S promoter, was used in the current study. The leaf segments of newly bred potato variety (cv. Taedong Valley) was co-cultured with Agrobacterium. Then, the regenerated individual shoots were excised and transferred to potato multiplication medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L phosphinothricin. The shoots were rooted in MS medium without hormone and obtained putative transgenic plant E3-6. Integration of target genes into the E3-6 plant and their expression was confirmed by PCR, Southern analysis, and ELISA test. The tissue necrosis test on young leaf blade and shikimic acid accumulation test using the tissue of E3-6 plant were conducted to investigate the resistance to glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate, respectively. The transgenic plants (E3-6) simultaneously showed a high resistance to both herbicides. The same results were surely obtained also in the whole plants foliar-treated with alone or mixture of two herbicides, glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.191-195
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• 2015

A 7-year-old castrated male Korean Shorthair cat was referred with lethargy and anorexia. Laboratory examination revealed moderate degenerative changes of peripheral neutrophils on blood smear examination and decreased levels of free and total thyroxine ($T_4$) as well as bacterial growth on blood culture. Molecular analyses of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and heat shock protein 60 gene confirmed the bacterium as Enterobacter cloacae. A minimal inhibitory concentration test showed multidrug resistance of the bacterium against 16 antibiotics. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequent sequencing specifically for $bla_{TEM}$, $bla_{SHV}$, $bla_{CTX-M}$, and plasmid-mediated ampC genes revealed positive results to $bla_{TEM-1}$, $bla_{CTX-M-15}$, and plasmid-mediated $bla_{ACT-1}$ genes, indicating that the isolated bacterium contains plasmids containing genes encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and plasmid-mediated ampC beta-lactamase. After 1 month of treatment with antibiotics and levothyroxine, the cat's condition improved; both the thyroid function test and the blood culture showed no abnormalities. This is the first report of community-acquired multidrug-resistant E. cloacae-induced euthyroid sick syndrome in a cat. By the prompt diagnostic procedures and properly selected antibiotic therapy, the cat was recovered from the multidrug-resistant bacterium-induced septicaemia.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2007

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary botanicals (herbs and plant extracts) on the performance, nutrient metabolizability, small intestinal microflora, IgG level and blood parameters in broiler chickens. In Exp. 1, 1,000 (500 each sex) broiler chicks($Ross^{(R)}$) were divided into 20 groups of 50 chickens each(25 birds each sex). Four groups were assigned to each of five dietary treatments:control and diets containing antibiotics($Avillamix^{(R)}$, avillamycin-premix), Herb M(Herb $mix^{(R)}$), Plant extract B(BIOSTRONG $510^{(R)}$) and Plant extract A($APEX^{(R)}$). In Exp. 2, 240(120 each sex) broiler chicks($Ross^{(R)}$) were devided into six treatment groups:control and diets containing antibiotics($Avillamix^{(R)}$, avillamycin-premix), Plant extract D($Digestarom^{(R)}$), Plant extract P($Phellozyme^{(R)}$), Plant extract G($Galicin^{(R)}$) and Plant extract C(CRINA $POULTRY^{(R)}$). Each treatment consisted of four replicates of 10 birds each. In both experiments, birds had free access to diets and water for 5 wk on floor pens(Exp. 1) and cages(Exp. 2). In Exp.1, production index of groups fed diets supplemented with herbs and plant extracts was slightly higher than the control and those fed Herb M was highest. In Exp. 2, groups fed diets supplemented with herbs and plant extracts consumed more feed than the control during the period between 4 and 5 wk(P<0.05). Feed conversion(feed/gain) was lower in antibiotics group than other groups. The values of RBC, Hb and HCT were higher(P<0.05) in chicken fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in Exp. 1. BA value was lower(P<0.05) in groups fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in Exp. 2. Serum IgG were higher(P<0.05) in groups fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in both experiments. The cfu of intestinal microflora and metabolizability of nutrients were not significantly different among treatments in both experiments. It was concluded that the botanical supplements can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in broiler diets.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.245-249
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• 2010

Purpose: High-pressure injection injury is caused by accidental injection of the high-pressure injection devices in industry. The initial benign appearance of the wound fools patients into delays in an adequate treatment. And it can result in disastrous outcomes such as necrosis and amputation. To avoid the poor prognosis, the injuries require a prompt surgical intervention. The purpose of this article is to recognize the poor outcome of the highpressure injection injury and to introduce an adequate treatment in need. Methods: We have 4 cases of the high-pressure injection injuries in the hand from April, 2005 to March, 2009. Average age is 39 years (30 - 49 years old), 2 cases are the palm of dominant hand, 1 case is the thumb of dominant hand, and 1 case is the palm of non-dominant hand, respectively. We followed up these patients for 20 months on average. In 3 cases, the immediate, aggressive surgical intervention was carried out, but the other one was delayed in early adequate treatment. The wounds were covered by local advancement flap, anterolateral thigh free flap, conservative treatment with antibiotics and dressing. Results: No pathogens after culture were found nor any findings of fracture in imaging study. Conservative treatment, local advancement flap and anterolateral thigh free flap for the open wound resulted in a desirable aesthetic outcome. In a long-term follow up, functional capability of the patient was also satisfactory. Conclusion: Upon initial evaluation, most high-pressure injection injuries present as innocuous wounds with very few symptoms and result in delaying the proper management. And the majority of high-pressure injection injuries will produce significant morbidity to the hand, amputation. And the initial aggressive surgical debridement was needed to prevent the poor outcome. The key to success in treating high-pressure injection injuries of the hand is the prompt aggressive surgical intervention.