• 미생물학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.115-120
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• 1981

The substance produced by Bacillus subtilis $480HS_{20}$ showed specific anti Puccinia graminis activity and narrow antimicrobial activity. The anti Puccinia graminis substance was found to be peptide antibiotic which had molecular weight of about 1,500 by sephadex LH-60 gel-filtration. The amino acid composition of the substance waas composed of Ser (1), Glu(3), Ile(1), Gyr(2) and His (1). The compound was yellowish powder and it's melting point was $214{\sim}216^{\circ}C$. UV spectrum in methanol showed single peak at 278(E 1% 1cm 15.2) and important peak at 3,350-3,320, 2,940, 1,635, 1,520-155, 1,240-1, $230cm^{-1}$ were observed in IR Spectrum. The substance was soluble in methanol but insoluble in water, ethyl acetate and chloroform. The antibiotic $480HS_{20}$ showed a little antimicrobial activity against Pyricularia aryzae but no antimicrobial activity was observed against Gram + and Gram - bacteria and molds except pyricularia oryzae.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2002

The present study was performed to investigate the excellent microbial anticaries substance, aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is more effective than chlorhexidine for the treatment of dental caries. The aminoglycoside antibiotic against Streptococcus mutans JC-2 from a novel alkaliphilic Bacillus alkalophilshaggy JY-827 exhibited no significant difference at the treatment concentration of $2.5{\times}10^{-7}M$, however, it inhibited the activity of the Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferase by 70.2% and 99.8% at the concentrations of $2.5{\times}10^{-7}$M\;and\;2.5{\times}10^{-6}M$, respectively. Lineweaver-Burk plot of the inhibitory aminoglycoside antibiotic showed competitive inhibition, with $K_i$ value of $6.4{\times}10^{-6}$ M. The aminoglycoside antibiotic did not show any cytotoxicity against human gingival cells. To evaluate the industrial applicability of the aminoglycoside antibiotic, a toothpaste containing this substance was prepared and tested on the extracted human teeth. The inhibitory rate of tooth calcification and calcium ion elution by the aminoglycoside antibiotic were 50% and 2.5 times, respectively. These results suggested that the aminoglycoside antibiotic from Bacillus alkalophilshaggy JY-827 is an effective agent against dental caries.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2001

This study was undertaken to separate and identify antifungla substances produced by Gilocladium virens G1, a biocontrol agent used for the control of plant diseases caused by Rhizoctonea solani. The culture of G. virens G1 effectively inhibited the growth of R. solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Phytophthora capsici, but less that of Fusarium oxysporum. The n-hexane extract of the G. virens culture, which was used for the purification of responsible substances, strongly inhibited R. solani and C. gloeosporioides, but not P. capsici, although the n-butanol extract was effective on all of the pathogens tested. An antifungal substance was purified using the n-hexane extract by Silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. The substance was examined for purity by HPLC and for nature by UV spectrometry, which differed from known antibiotic compounds such as gliotoxin, viridin and gliovirin. The antifungal substance was very liphophilic based on its solvent-solubility and Rf values on TLC, and more inhibitory to C. gloeosporioides than other fungal pathogens tested.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.676-679
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• 2009

미생물들 사이에 존재하는 수평적 유전자 전달을 이용하여 Jurkat T cell에 대하여 새로운 항생물질을 생산하기 위해 토양박테리아 AY2000과 여러 종류의 항생물질 생산 균주인 Streptomyces griseus의 공배양을 수행하였다. MTT assay를 수행하여 세포 독성을 실험을 하였을 때 공배양 상등액은 각각 배양 하였을 때보다 높은 세포독성을 보였고 또한 48시간 배양 하였을 때 가장 높은 활성을 나타내는 것으로 나타났다. 더욱이 DAPI 염색을 하였을 때 Jurkat T cell 세포의 세포핵의 변화도 관찰 되었다. 이런 결과는 공배양 상등액에 새로운 항생물질이 생성되었음을 보여주었고 이런 방법으로 새로운 항생물질 생산에 이용되어 질수 있음을 의미한다.

• 약학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2007

Bombycis corpus, a batryticated silkworm and white-stiff silkworm, is an oriental drug consisting of the dried larva of silkworm, dead and stiffened due to the infection of Beauveria. An peptidyl antimicrobial molecule was purified from B. corpus by reverse phase-column chromatography and HPLC. Its molecular weight was determined to be 2295.45 by using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Its antimicrobial activity was diminished by trypsin digestion. It exhibited a broad antimicrobial spectrum against not only Gram-negative, but also Gram- positive bacteria. Furthermore, it was found to have an antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), methicillin-resistant S. arureus (MRSA), and vancomycin-intermediate resistant S. arureus (VISA). It may be a useful molecule for a new antibiotic development, especially against antibiotic resistant microbe. This substance may play a role in the defense system of this animal against Beauveria bassiana. This is the first report of a peptidyl antimicrobial substance from B. corpus.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.69-72
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• 1975

어유에 대하여 독작용을 나타내는 본 물질의 항생작용, succinic dehydrogenase 활성에 대한 조해작용 및 가토의 혈구에 미치는 영향 등에 대한 실험결과는 Candida japonica에서 $GI_{50}$ (세포생육의 50% 조해농도)이 7.5ug/ml, C. utilis에서 10.2ug/ml, Cryptococcus neoformans 6.4ug/ml 등으로서 극히 일부의 균에서만 항균작용이 인정되었으나 전반적으로 균에 대한 항생작용이 인정되지 않았다. 또 Cyprinus carpio L.의 각 조직에 대한 succinic dehydrogenas 활성조해능을 측정한 결과 비교적 전 장기조직에서 그 활성을 조해하였으며 특히 아가미 조직에 대한 조해현상은 흥미있는 일이다. 또 가토의 혈액에 leukopenia및 leukocytosis 현상의 여부 등을 알고저 본 물질을 유맥주사후 혈구변화도를 검토해 보았으나 별로 영향을 나타내지 않았으며 neutropenia 및 Iymphopenia 현상도 일어나지 않았다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2018

Gram 양성세균의 생육을 억제하는 세균을 청주시 무심천 토양에서 분리하였으며, 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석 결과 Pseudomonas otitidis PS로 동정하였다. PS 균주는 0.5%의 glucose가 포함된 1% soybean meal 배지에서 2차 대사 산물로서 최대 약 0.1%의 수율로 항생물질을 생산하였다. 항생물질 성분은 ethyl acetate로 추출하였으며, Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1261에 대한 minimum inhibitory concentration은 $2{\mu}g/ml$이었다. 이 성분은 siderophore 활성을 띠어서 chrome azurol S 평판배지에서 주황색 halo를 나타내었으며, 철이 제거되면 생육 억제 효과는 감소하였다. Ascorbic acid 같은 환원제를 첨가하거나 혐기적 환경에서는 항생물질 활성을 잃으므로 PS 항생물질은 활성산소를 방출하여 bactericidal activity를 갖는 것으로 보인다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.462-468
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• 2006

Antibiotics are manufactured and used for specific physiological functions, hence they may exert adverse ecological consequences when they are in contact with nontarget organisms. In the last decade, many reports have been made on the occurrences of various antibiotic compounds in surface water, and their potential impact to the environment has become an increasing concern. This study was conducted to prioritize antibiotic substances with potential environment risk in Korea. Human use antibiotics with an EIC (Expected Introduction Concentration) value greater than $1{\mu}g/l$, US FDA's action limit criteria, were selected. In order to calculate a worst-case EIC for each substance, annual production volume (in kg) of each antibiotic substance was derived using the Korea Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (KPMA)'s monetary database. Sixteen substances were preliminarily selected. The EICs of the 16 antibiotic substances were refined with the excretion rate of the parent substances. Ten antibiotic substances were identified to have EIC-corrected greater than $1{\mu}g/l$, which include Amoxicillin ($15.8{\mu}g/l$), Cefaclor ($10.1{\mu}/l$), Roxithromycin ($4.2{\mu}g/l$), Cephradine ($4.5{\mu}g/l$), Cefatrizine ($2.6{\mu}g/l$), Cefadroxil ($3.3{\mu}g/l$), Aztreonam ($2.3{\mu}g/l$), Ceftazidime ($2.8{\mu}g/l$), Ribostamycin ($1.3{\mu}g/l$), and Ceftezole ($1.3{\mu}g/l$). Additional risk assessments for these antibiotic substances are suggested.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.349-353
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• 1999

Antagonistic Promicromonospora sp. KH-28 isolated from a suppressive soil could produced a chitinase and a antifungal antibiotic for the biocontrol ability. The chitinase and the antibiotic appeared to inhibit plant pathogens of Fusarium oxysporum. Phytophthora capsici, Alternaria kiki, fusarium solani, Stemphylium sp., and Psudomonas fluorescens. the antibiotic produced from the strain was identified as a antifungal substance of 503 dalton having a pyrimidine skeleton with an aliphatic side chain. The Promicromonospora sp. KH-28 was able to suppress effectively F. oxysporum derived-fusarium wilt of red-pepper plant in the pot in vivo test.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.331-337
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• 1990

토양에서 새로히 분리한 곰팡이를 배양하고 그의 배양액 중에 함암활성을 갖는 물질을 screening한 결과 시험균 B.subtilis에 대해 항균활성을 갖고 glutathoine에 의해 항균활성이 길항되는 물질을 생산하는 B-1123 균주를 얻었다. 생산균주의 형태학적, 배양학적 성상의 관찰 결과 B-1123 균주는 Aspergillus terreus로 동정되었다. 대두분을 질소원으로 한 배지에서 $30^{\circ}C$, 5일간 진탕배양하고 배양여액 중의 활성물질을 ethyl acetate로추출하고 silica gel column chromatography에 의해 정제 하여 연황색 판상결정을 얻었으며 B-1123 물질이라 명명했다.