• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2017

Patients with severe gag reflex (SGR) have difficulty getting the treatment they require in local clinics, and many tend to postpone the start of their treatment. To address this problem, dentists have used behavioral techniques and/or pharmacological techniques for treatment. Among the pharmacological methods available, propofol IV sedation is preferred over general anesthesia because it is a simpler procedure. Propofol in combination with remifentanil is characterized by stable sedative effects and quick recovery, leading to a deep sedation. Remifentanil acts to reduce the pain caused by lipid-soluble propofol on injection. The synergistic effects of propofol-remifentanil include reduction in the total amount of drug required to achieve a desired sedation level and anti-emetic effects. In this case report, we outline how the use of propofol-remifentanil IV sedation enabled us to successfully complete a wide range of dental treatments in a patient with SGR.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2014년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.21-22
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• 2014

대형 상용차량을 위한 냉난방장치는 이동 또는 정차 중에도 일정 온도를 유지 시켜야한다. 종전의 상용차량의 냉동시스템은 엔진과 연계하여 압축기를 구동하거나 엔진과 연계된 발전기의 전력을 이용하여 온도를 유지하였다. 이러한 방식은 제어가 용이하지 않고 효율성이 낮은 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점을 개선하고자 대형 상용차량이 정차중인 무시동 기간에도 일정 온도를 유지 할 수 있도록 직렬 L-C 공진을 이용한 2.5kW급 DC-DC 컨버터를 제안 하였다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2015년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.139-140
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• 2015

차량용 에어컨 시스템은 엔진의 가동(주행 또는 공회전)에 의해 발생되는 에너지를 이용하여 운전자가 원하는 차량 실내온도를 유지시켜주는 장치를 말한다. 이러한 기계식 에어컨 시스템의 작동은 엔진 구동력의 일부를 활용하고 있어 자동차의 연비와 큰 관련성 있다. 때문에 하절기 작업 대기시나 차량 내 야간취침 등이 빈번한 상용차량의 경우 운전자의 운행습관에 따라 연료 소비량이 증가하는 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점을 개선하고자 대형 상용차량이 정차중인 무시동 기간에도 일정 온도의 유지가 가능 하도록 전력변환장치가 적용된 에어컨 시스템을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.129-136
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• 1987

의대생들의 B형바이러스성 간염의 감염율을 조사하고 그 예방대책을 강구하기 위하여 경북의대 1, 2, 3학년 가운데 B형 간염 백신 예방접종을 받은 학생을 제외한 자원자 385명을 대상으로 HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc를 RIA방법으로 측정하여 B형간염 감염율을 조사하고 설문지로 수혈력, 침술력, 수술력을 조사하고 HBsAg양성인 사람은 16개월 후에 재검사하여 변화양상을 조사하였다. HBsAg양성율은 6.8%이었으며 연령에 대한 보정을 했을 때 남자가 7.2%로 여자의 4.9%보다 높았으며, anti-HBs양성율은 35.8% (남자 36.1%, 여자 37 9%), anti-HBc양성율은 45.5% (남자 46.5%, 여자 44.5%)이었다. 따라서 B형간염 감염율은 49.1%로서 역시 남자(50.3%)가 여자보다(46.5%) 높았다. 학년별 HBsAg양성율 및 HBV감염율의 차이는 연령구성의 차이에 기인된 것 이었으며 연령별 HBsAg양성율은 20세가 1.7%, 21세 6.6%, 22세 6.1%, 23세 12.2%, 24세 이상에서 6.4%로 23세에서 가장 높게 나타났다. HBV감염율은 20세에서 45.8%, 21세 41.5%, 22세 49.5%, 23세 55.4%, 24세이상에서 59.6%로 나타나 연령이 증가할수록 감염율은 증가하였다. 이와같은 연령별 차이는 통계적으로 유의한 것은 아니었으나 타 연구결과와 종합해 볼 때 연령별 차이가 있을 것으로 생각되므로 같은 연령의 다른 학교 및 다른 계층을 대상으로 조사해 보고 연령에 따른 차이가 생기는 이유를 규명한다면 이 연령층에서 B형간염의 주요전파 경로를 밝힐 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. HBsAg양성인 26명가운데 1명만이 B형간염을 않고 있는 환자로 밝혀졌고 이들은 16개월 후에 재경사한 결과 검사에 응한 24명 중 22명이 계속 HBsAg양성이고 2명은 음성으로 되고 anti-HBs가 양성으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과로 보아 20세 이전에 약 반이 B형간염에 감염되었고 재학중에도 감염이 일어나고 있으므로 입학 즉시 감염여부를 확인하고 미감염자에 대해 예방접종을 실시하고 임상에 종사하기 시작할 때 추가접종하는 것이 이상적일 것으로 생각된다.

• Strategy21
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• 통권41호
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• pp.52-84
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• 2017

After finishing Cold War, the U.S. Navy's ability to Sea control has been gradually eroded last 15-20 years. The global security environment demands that the surface Navy rededicate itself to sea control, as a new group of potential adversaries is working to deny U.S. navy command of the sea. China has been increasing their sea denial capability, such as extended anti-surface cruise missile and anti-surface ballistic missile. To cope with this situation, the U.S. Naval Surface Forces Command has announced Surface Forces Strategy: Return to Sea Control. It is a new operating and organizing concept for the U.S. surface fleet called 'distributed lethality'. Under distributed lethality, offensive weapons such as new ASCMs are to be distributed more widely across all types of Navy surface ships, and new operational concept for Navy surface fleet's capability for attacking enemy ships and make it less possible for an enemy to cripple the U.S. fleet by concentrating its attack on a few very high-value Navy surface ships. By increasing the lethality of the surface ships and distributing them across wide areas, the Navy forces potential adversaries to not only consider the threat from our carrier-based aircraft and submarines, but they now consider the threat form all of those surface ships. This idea of using the distributed lethality template to generate surface action groups and adaptive force package and to start thinking about to increase the lethal efficacy of these ships. The U.S. Navy believes distributed lethality increases the Navy's sea control capability and expands U.S. conventional deterrence. Funding new weapons and renovated operating concept to field a more lethal and distributed force will enable us to establish sea control, even in contested area. The U.S. Navy's Surface Forces Strategy provides some useful implications for The ROK Navy. First the ROK Navy need to reconsider sea control mission. securing sea control and exploiting sea control are in a close connection. However, recently the ROK Navy only focuses on exploiting sea control, for instance land attack mission. the ROK Navy is required to reinvigorate sea control mission, such as anti-surface warfare and anti-air warfare. Second, the ROK Navy must seek the way to improve its warfighting capability. It can be achieved by developing high-edge weapons and designing renewed operating concept and embraced new weapon's extended capabilities.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.3951-3954
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• 2014

Objective: To investigate the electronic anti-nausea instrument (EANI) combined with hydrochloride palonosetron for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting following highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Methods: Patients who received highly emetogenic chemotherapy were randomly assigned to a treatment group (60 patients) treated with EANI combined with hydrochloride palonosetron, and control group (also 60 patients) given only hydrochloride palonosetron. Chemotherapy related nausea and vomiting were observed and recorded in both groups of patients from the start till the end of chemotherapy. Results: Complete control rates of vomiting in treatment and control group were 40%, and 35%, respectively, without any statistical ly significant difference (p>0.05); however the response rates are 95.0%, 78.3%, respectively, with statistical difference (p<0.05). Complete control rates of nausea in treatment and control group were 36.7%, 30%, respectively, without statistical difference (p>0.05); but the response rates are 90.0%, 76.7%, respectively, with statistical difference (p<0.05). Conclusion: EANI combined with hydrochloride palonosetron for prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy could be more effective than hydrochloride palonosetron alone, and can be recommended for use in prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting following highly emetogenic chemotherapy.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2004

The self-splicing group I intron from Tetrahymena thermophila has been demonstrated to perform splicing reaction with its substrate RNA in the trans configuration. In this study, we explored the potential use of the trans-splicing group I ribozymes to replace a specific RNA with a new RNA that exerts any new function we want to introduce. We have chosen thymidine phosphorylase (TP) RNA as a target RNA that is known as a valid cancer prognostic factor. Cancer-specific expression of TP RNA was first evaluated with RT-PCR analysis of RNA from patients with gastric cancer. We determined next which regions of the TP RNA are accessible to ribozymes by employing an RNA mapping strategy, and found that the leader sequences upstream of the AUG start codon appeared to be particularly accessible. A specific ribozyme recognizing the most accessible sequence in the TP RNA with firefly luciferase transcript as a 3' exon was then developed. The specific trans-splicing ribozyme transferred an intended 3' exon tag sequence onto the targeted TP transcripts, resulting in a more than two fold induction of the reporter activity in the presence of TP RNA in mammalian cells, compared to the absence of the target RNA. These results suggest that the Tetrahymena ribozyme can be a potent anti-cancer agent to modify TP RNAs in tumors with a new RNA harboring anti-cancer activity.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.340-344
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• 2003

The group I intron from Tetrahymena thermophila has been demonstrated to employ splicing reactions with its substrate RNA in the trans configuration. Moreover, we have recently shown that the transsplicing group I ribozyme can replace HCV-specific transcripts with a new RNA that exerts anti-viral activity. In this study, we explored the potential use of RNA replacement for cancer treatment by developing trans-splicing group I ribozymes, which could replace tumor-associated RNAs with the RNA sequence attached to the 3' end of the ribozymes. Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) RNA was chosen as a target RNA because it is known as a valid cancer prognostic factor. By performing an RNA mapping strategy that is based on a trans-splicing ribozyme library, we first determined which regions of the TP RNA are accessible to ribozymes, and found that the leader sequences upstream of the AUG start codon appeared to be particularly accessible. Next, we assessed the ribozyme activities by comparing trans-splicing activities of several ribozymes that targeted different regions of the TP RNA. This assessment was performed to verify if the target site predicted to be accessible is truly the most accessible. The ribozyme that could target the most accessible site, identified by mapping studies, was the most active with high fidelity in vitro. Moreover, the specific trans-splicing ribozyme reacted with and altered the TP transcripts by transferring an intended 3' exon tag sequence onto the targeted TP RNA in mammalian cells with high fidelity. These results suggest that the Tetrahymena ribozyme can be utilized to replace TP RNAs in tumors with a new RNA harboring anti-cancer activity, which would revert the malignant phenotype.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.788-794
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• 2009

Various types of latch designs for hard disk drives using load/unload mechanism have been introduced to protect undesired release motions of a voice coil motor(VCM) actuator from sudden disturbances. Recently, various inertia-type latches have been widely used because locking performance is better than that of other types of latch. However there has been a limit in the inertia type in order to guarantee perfect latch and unlatch operations because of changes in latch/unlatch conditions due to mechanical tolerance and temperature-dependent friction. In this paper, a reliable and robust magnetic latch mechanism is proposed through only simple modifications of coil and yoke shapes in order to overcome the mechanical limit of current inertia-type latches. This new magnetic latch does not have only a simple structure but it also ensures reliable operations and anti-shock performance. The operating mechanism of the proposed latch is theoretically analyzed and optimally designed using an electromagnetic simulation.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2017

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA structure located in the 5'-UTR of the HCV RNA genome. The HCV IRES consists of four domains I, II, III, and IV, where domains II - IV are recognized by 40S ribosomal subunit and the domain III is bound to eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) for translation initiation. Here, we have characterized the tertiary interaction between an L-/K- rich peptide and the HCV IRES domain IV. To probe the peptide binding interface in RNA, we synthesized $^{13}C$- and $^{15}N$-double labeled RNA and the binding site was identified by using the chemical shift perturbation (CSP) NMR methods. Our results showed that the peptide binds to the upper stem of the IRES domain IV, indicating that the tertiary interaction between the IRES domain IV and the peptide would disrupt the initiation of translation of HCV mRNA by blocking the start codon exposure. This study will provide an insight into the new peptide-based anti-viral drug design targeting HCV IRES RNA.