• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.90-90
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• 2019

Hibiscus syriacus exhibited promising potential as a new source of food and colorants containing various anthocyanins. However, the function of anthocyanins from H. syriacus has not been investigated. In the current study, we evaluated whether anthocyanins from the H. syriacus varieties Pulsae and Paektanshim (PS and PTS) inhibit melanin biogenesis. B16F10 cells and zebrafish larvae were exposed to PS and PTS in the presence or absence of ${\alpha}$-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH), and melanin contents accompanied by its regulating genes and proteins were analyzed. PS and PTS moderately downregulated mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro, but significantly decreased extracellular and intracellular melanin production in B16F10 cells, and inhibited ${\alpha}$-MSH-induced expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase. PS and PTS also attenuated pigmentation in ${\alpha}$-MSH-stimulated zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, PS and PTS activated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas PD98059, a specific ERK inhibitor, completely reversed PS- and PTS-mediated anti-melanogenic activity in B16F10 cells and zebrafish larvae, which indicates that PS- and PTS-mediated anti-melanogenic activity is due to ERK activation. Moreover, chromatography data showed that PS and PTS possessed 17 identical anthocyanins as a negative regulator of ERK. These findings suggested that anthocyanins from PS and PTS inhibited melanogenesis in vitro and in vivo by activating the ERK signaling pathway.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.851-859
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• 2020

뿌리, 잎, 꽃이 하얀색인 삼백초는 항균 활성 및 항암 효과를 갖는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 SCEA의 항산화 활성과 멜라닌 합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 하였다. SCEA를 헥산, 에틸 아세테이트, 부탄올 및 증류수로 분획 하였다. 용매 분획 중 가장 높은 항산화 활성을 갖는 ethyl acetate 분획물이 본 연구에 사용되었다. DPPH radical 소거능에서는 64 ㎍/ml의 SCEA는 양성 대조군과 비교하여 62% 라디칼 소거능을 보였다. 환원력 시험에서 64 ㎍/ml의 SCEA는 양성 대조군으로 사용된 비타민 C보다 33% 더 낮은 감소력을 보였다. Tyrosinase 활성은 공시험군에 비해 64 ㎍/ml의 SCEA 처리군에서 26% 증가했다. 또한, 64 ㎍/ml의 SCEA는 Dopa 산화력 분석에서 공시험군과 비교하여 44%의 멜라닌 합성을 증가시켰다. MTT 분석 결과 SCEA는 0.5 ㎍/ml 이상의 세포 독성을 나타냈다. 1 ㎍/ml의 SCEA는 멜라닌 합성을 살아있는 세포에서 69% 증가시켰다. 또한 SCEA 분획을 실리카 칼럼 크로마토그래피로 13 개의 분획으로 분리 하였다. 특히, Fr. 2는 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성이 가장 높았으며, 멜라닌 합성이 감소되었다. 또한 SCEA는 살아있는 세포인 B16F1에서 멜라닌 생성을 촉진시켰다. LC-MASS는 Fr. 2의 분자량이 239임을 보여 주었다. 따라서 위의 결과는 SCEA가 멜라닌 합성 촉진과 관련된 천연흑모 모발화장품 개발에 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권10호
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• pp.1470-1475
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• 2015

본 연구는 산업 부산물의 이용성 향상을 위하여 폐자원인 녹차씨 껍질 추출물의 미백 활성을 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 녹차씨 껍질로부터 유용성 성분을 얻기 위하여 에탄올 추출을 한 결과 건조중량 대비 1.24%의 추출물의 수율을 얻을 수 있었고, DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 tyrosinase 억제능을 관찰한 결과 녹차씨 껍질 추출물의 농도가 증가할수록 활성이 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이러한 미백 효과가 세포 내에서도 일어나는지에 관하여 알아보기 위하여 melanoma 세포인 B16BL6에 ${\alpha}$-MSH를 처리하여 melanin의 형성을 촉진시키는 melanogenesis 과정을 유도한 후 녹차씨 껍질 추출물을 처리한 결과 농도 의존적으로 melanin의 형성이 감소되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로 녹차씨 껍질 추출물의 미백 활성을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이를 활용하여 식품 및 화장품의 기능성 소재로 이용한다면 산업 부산물인 녹차씨 껍질을 활용하는 차원에서 그 경제적 가치가 매우 클 것으로 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2018

Ethyl linoleate is an unsaturated fatty acid used in many cosmetics for its various attributes, such as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and clinically proven to be an effective anti-acne agent. In this study, we investigated the effect of ethyl linoleate on the melanogenesis and the mechanism underlying its action on melanogenesis in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Our results revealed that ethyl linoleate significantly inhibited melanin content and intracellular tyrosinase activity in ${\alpha}$-MSH-induced B16F10 cells, but it did not directly inhibit activity of mushroom tyrosinase. Ethyl linoleate inhibited the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, and tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1) in governing melanin pigment synthesis. We observed that ethyl linoleate inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase $3{\beta}$ ($GSK3{\beta}$) and reduced the level of ${\beta}-catenin$, suggesting that ethyl linoleate inhibits melanogenesis through $Akt/GSK3{\beta}/{\beta}-catenin$ signal pathway. Therefore, we propose that ethyl linoleate may be useful as a safe whitening agent in cosmetic and a potential therapeutic agent for reducing skin hyperpigmentation in clinics.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2007년도 Proceedings of The Convention
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• pp.129-139
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• 2007

Many modalities of treatment for acquired skin hyperpigmentation are available including chemical agents or physical therapies, but none are completely satisfactory. The ideal depigmenting compound should have a potent. rapid and selective bleaching effect on hyperactivated melanocytes, carry no short- or long-term side-effects and lead to a permanent removal of undesired pigment. acting at one or more steps of the pigmentation process. Depigmentation can be achieved by regulating (i) the transcription and activity of tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2), and/or peroxidase; (ii) the uptake and distribution of melanosomes in recipient keratinocytes and (iii) melanin and melanosome degradation and turnover of pigmented keratinocytes. One of the interesting point for development of skin whitening agent is Mitf(Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor). Mitf belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix-zip family of trabscription factors and it is crucial as it regulates both melanocyte proliferation as well as melanogenesis and is the major regulator of tyrosinase and the related enzymes (TRPs), as well as many melanosome structural proteins such as pMel17. Recently, we developed MITF-down-regulating agents from natural and synthetic sources, which have anti-melanogenic effect on in vitro and in vivo. We suggested that potent MITF-down regulating agents might be used for skin whitening cosmeceuticals.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.982-988
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• 2022

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza) has been used as preventive and therapeutic material for hyperpigmentation disorders. Previously, we isolated noble compounds including dehydroglyasperin C (DGC), dehydroglyasperin D (DGD) and isoangustone A (IAA) from licorice hexane/ethanol extracts. However, their anti-melanogenic effects and underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. The present study compared effects of DGC, DGD and IAA on pigmentation in melan-a melanocytes and human epidermal melanocytes (HEMn). DGD exerted the most excellent anti-melanogenic effect, followed by DGC and IAA at non-cytotoxic concentrations. In addition, DGD significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity in vitro cell-free system and cell system. Western blot result showed that DGD decreased expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) in melan-a cells and HEMn cells. DGD induced phosphorylation of MITF, ERK and Akt signal pathway promoting MITF degradation system. However, DGD did not influence p38 and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)/CREB signal pathway in melan-a cells. These result indicated that DGD inhibited melanogenesis not only direct regulation of tyrosinase but also modulating intracellular signaling related with MITF level. Collectively, these results suggested a protective role for DGD against melanogenesis.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.364-370
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• 2012

본 연구는 도화를 70% 아세톤 추출하여 sephadex LH-20으로 분리한 후 8개의 분획물을 얻을 수 있었다. 미백효과 측정으로 tyrosinase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 분획물 8의 경우 1,000 ppm에서 92.2%를 나타내었으며, 멜라노마 세포에 의한 tyrosinase 저해활성은 100 ppm에서 63.4%, 멜라닌 생합성은 저해능은 100 ppm에서 71.7%의 효과를 나타내어 분획물 8의 효능이 가장 우수하였다. 주름개선 효과 측정으로 elastase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 분획물 5, 7이 1,000 ppm에서 각각 71.4, 74.5%의 저해활성을 나타내었으며, collagenase 저해활성과 collagen 생합성량을 측정한 결과 분획물 8이 100 ppm에서 80.0% 이상의 저해활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 도화 분획물의 미백 및 주름개선 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었고, 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 항산화 및 미백 소재의 개발을 위해 다양한 추출법을 이용하여 용담화 추출물을 제조하고 항산화 효과 및 멜라닌 생합성 저해능을 평가하였다. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 라디칼 소거활성을 평가한 결과 용담화 추출물의 항산화 활성은 모두 농도 의존적으로 증가하였다. 또한 용담화 추출물은 tyrosinase 활성을 저해시켰으며, B16F10 세포에서 멜라닌 생성을 감소시키는 효과를 보였다. 멜라닌 생합성에 관여하는 유전자의 발현에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 및 2 mRNA 발현을 확인한 결과 용담화 추출물에 의해 TRP-1 및 2의 발현이 감소되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과로 보아 용담화 추출물은 항산화 및 미백 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 응용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.68-78
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this clinical research was to investigate the effects of herbal cosmetics containing Momordica charntia L. extracts on the anti-wrinkle and whitening effects. Methods : A total of 25 subjects who visited Daegu Hanny Oriental Medical Center from November 1st, 2010 to December 31th, 2010 were included in this study. In this study, we observed change of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 for using products, change of average melanin content and pigmental area, analysis results of subjective wrinkle improvement, Analysis results of subjective whitening improvement. Statistical analysis was performed by using paired t-test and wilcoxon signed ranks test. Statistical significance was achieved if the probability was less than 5%(p<0.05) Results : Statistically, herbal cosmetics containing Momordica charntia L. extracts showed siginificant effect on change of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 for using products, change of average melanin content and pigmental area, analysis results of subjective wrinkle improvement, Analysis results of subjective whitening improvement(p<0.05). And satisfaction after using herbal cosmetics was near good. Conclusions : Considering the above results, we have concluded that herbal cosmetics containing Momordica charntia L. extracts have the remarkable effects on the anti-wrinkle and whitening effects.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.168-175
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• 2019

Purpose: Barely sprout is a well-known oriental herbal medicine with a wide range of health benefits. Recent studies have provided scientific evidence of its therapeutic effects with expanded application. This study investigated anti-melanogenic effect of barley sprout water extract (BSE) in murine melanocyte B16F10. Methods: Various concentrations (0, 50, 125, and $250{\mu}g/mL$) of BSE and arbutin (150 ppm) were applied to B16F10 stimulated with or without alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (100 nM) for 72 hours. The whitening potency of BSE was determined altered cellular melanin contents. Activity and expression of tyrosinase and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) were also assayed. Results: Experimental results revealed that treatment with BSE reduced cellular melanin production by approximately 40% compared to the control. Molecular findings supported that suppressed activity and expression of tyrosinase and MITF proteins by BSE were associated with declined cellular melanogenesis. Furthermore, anti-melanogenic effect of BSE ($250{\mu}g/mL$) was similar to that of arbutin, a commonly used whitening agent. Lastly, polyphenols including p-coumaric, ferulic, and vanillic acids were identified in BSE using HPLC analyses. They might be potential active ingredients showing such melanogenesis-reducing effect. Conclusion: BSE was evident to possess favorable anti-melanogenic potency in an in vitro model. As a natural food sourced material, BSE could be an effective depigmentation agent with potential application in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.