• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2000

The aim of this study was to investigate a potential effect of treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with Pini Folium or Leonuri Herba extracts. Male SHR were treated with extracts for 2 or 4 weeks starting at 13 weeks of age. We found that oral treatment with the methanol extract from Pini Folium or Leonuri Herba (1g/Kg/day) significantly decreased mean blood pressure to 85.4% and 78.6% respectively in compare with untreated control SHR. Treatment with the extract from Pini Folium for 4 weeks during hypertension development phase (starting 9 weeks of age) resulted in a partial prevention of hypertension development. There were no significant differences for body weight between untreated and Pini Folium treated SHR.

• BMB Reports
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• v.51 no.12
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• pp.611-612
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• 2018

$C1q/TNF-{\alpha}-Related$ Protein 1 (CTRP1) has recently been shown to act as a blood pressure regulator, as it induces vasoconstriction. In the aorta, CTRP1 facilitates recruitment of angiotensin II receptor 1 (AT1R) to plasma membrane, through activation of the AKT/AS160 signaling pathway. This leads to activation of the Ras homolog gene family (Rho)/Rho kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway, resulting in vasoconstriction. Accordingly, mice overexpressing Ctrp1 have hypertensive phenotype. Patients with hypertension also display higher circulating CTRP1 levels, compared to healthy individuals, indicating that excessive CTRP1 may affect development of hypertension. Conversely, CTRP1 is regarded as an 'innate blood pressure modulator' because CTRP1 increases blood pressure under dehydration to prevent hypotension. Mice lacking Ctrp1 fail to maintain normotension under dehydration conditions, resulting in hypotension, suggesting that CTRP1 is an essential protein for maintaining blood pressure homeostasis. In conclusion, CTRP1 is a novel, anti-hypotensive vasoconstrictor that increases blood pressure during dehydration-induced hypotension.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 2023

A 10-year-old spayed female Cocker spaniel weighing 6.64 kg was presented with a sign of syncope. Electrocardiographic findings revealed pathologic atrioventricular (AV) block alternating 3rd degree AV block, non-responsive to atropine. Before pacemaker implantation, several anti-hypertensive medications were administered, but there was no improvement. After pacemaker implantation, the heart rate and systemic arterial systolic blood pressure were immediately improved. This is the first report on the resolution of an AV block and malignant systemic hypertension after a pacemaker implant in veterinary medicine.

• BMB Reports
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.552-555
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• 2004

Several studies have demonstrated the importance of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of hypertension. This study sought to determine the association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and essential hypertension in young Pakistanis. The frequency of the ACE I/D polymorphism was established by a comparative cross-sectional survey of Pakistani patients suffering from essential hypertension and ethnically matched normotensive controls. Samples were collected from tertiary care hospitals in northern Pakistan. Hypertensive individuals were defined as those with a systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg on three separate occasions, or those currently receiving one, or more, anti-hypertensive agents. DNA samples obtained from hypertensive (n=211) and normotensive (n=108) individuals were typed by PCR. The frequency of the ACE I/I genotype was significantly higher in hypertensive patients, aged 20-40 years, than in normotensive controls of the same age group ($\chi^2$ = 4.0, P = 0.041). Whereas no overall significant differences were observed between the I/I, I/D and D/D ACE genotypes (One way ANOVA, F=0.672; P=0.413). The association between the ACE I/I genotype and essential hypertension in individuals aged $\leq$ 40 years suggests that ACE has a role in early onset essential hypertension in Pakistan.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.88-103
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• 2009

Objectives: There is currently increased interest in the identification of natural antioxidant compounds derived from various plants. Peony Root (PR) is used worldwide for the treatment of many types of cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis and hypertension. It has been used in Korean traditional medicine for the treatment of glycosuria, hypertension and cancer. However, to date, no studies concerning the antioxidant properties of PR have been conducted. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro scavenging activity, inhibitory effect of LDL oxidation of pro-oxidant reactive species and anti-thrombosis effect in response to treatment with PR using various screening methods including biological and non-biological oxidants. Methods: In this study, the antioxidant activity of extract from PR was studied with in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity by TEAC, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$-induced human LDL oxidation and the inhibitory effect on collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Results: The PR extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity of oxidative stress [DPPH, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, etc.] as well as an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation and on platelet aggregation. Conclusions: The PR extracts have anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drugs against oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 2016

Caragana sinica (Leguminosae) is a plant, which has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of lots of diseases including neuralgia, goat, hypertension and eczema. However, scientific studies of C. sinica in pharmacological aspects are not carried out. In this study, the anti-nociceptice effect of methanolic extract of C. sinica (MCS) was evaluated using various pain models. Our data represented that MCS significantly delayed the latency time under central pain condition which are arose from thermal stimuli, indicating MCS possess analgesic potential against central nociception. In addition, MCS showed strong and dose-dependent anti-nociceptive activities on acetic acid-induced peripheral pain, compared to positive control such as indomethacin. Further combination studies using naloxone, a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist, have revealed that analgesic activity of MCS was not changed in the presence of naloxone, indicating MCS exerts anti-nociceptive activity independent of opioid receptor. These results suggest that MCS may be an effective medicine in managing pain.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.5-11
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• 2021

The phenolics of Sambucus sieboldiana var. pendula leaves for functional resources were examined on inhibitory activity against biological enzyme and anti-microbial activity. The amount of phenolic compounds were 11.60±0.18 and 12.43±0.07 mg/g by water and 50% ethanol extraction, respectively. The antioxidative activity of phenolic in extracts was higher than solids. The inhibition activities on angiotensin converting enzyme were 92.08 and 78.33% at 200 ㎍/mL phenolic concentration in water and ethanol extracts, respectively. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity were 100% at 200 ㎍/mL phenolic in water and ethanol extracts, respectively. These result was higher than 70.37% of allopurinol as positive control at 200 ㎍/mL. The inhibitory activity against hyaluronidase were each 25.35 and 43.38% in water and ethanol extracts. The water extract from S. sieboldiana var. pendula leaves showed antibacterial activity on the Propionebacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans in water extract and S. mutans in ethanol extract. This result suggests that phenolic from S. sieboldiana var. pendula leaves are suitable as functional foods with anti-hypertension, anti-gout, anti-inflammation and anti-microorganism activities.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2014

Objectives : Samhwangsasim-tang (SHSST) is a traditional Korean medication, which has been used in Korea for treatment of hypertension and chest pain. Hyperlipidemia and inflammation could influence hypertension and chest pain. This study investigated whether and how SHSST reduces the hyperlipidemia and inflammation related to high-cholesterol diet-induced obesity in rats. Methods : Mice were divided randomly into four groups: the normal diet group, high-cholesterol diet group, low dose treatment group supplemented with 30% ethanol extract of SHSST (L) and high dose treatment group supplemented with 80% ethanol extract of SHSST (H). L and H groups were orally administered with SHSST at the dose of 50mg/kg a day respectively and others were administered with the same volume of physiological saline. Results : Administration of SHSST resulted in a decrease in serum levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. Expression of hepatic genes(SREBP2, LXR, LDLR, and HMG-CoA) related with cholesterol metabolism was also suppressed. In addition, SHSST decreased the expression of inflammation-related gene (TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, TGF-${\beta}1$ and fibronectin). Histological examinations also showed that the size of the adipocytes was smaller in the SHSST treated group than in the high-colesterol diet group. In an in vitro study, SHSST inhibited the production of nitric oxide in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions : This study indicates that SHSST has anti-hyperlipidemia and anti-inflammatory effects. It may also suggest that SHSST may be alternative therapy for treatment of hyperlipidemia and its complications.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2010

Different strains of mold were screened for the production of high quality Korean traditional rice wine with anti-hypertension and good acceptability. We isolated 867 nuruk mold strains and selected 24 for further study based on measurement of amylase activity. Among them, mold No. 17 showed high ethanol production upon fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as anti-hypertensive properties. The No. 17 strain was therefore selected as the functional mold and later identified as Rhizopus stolonifer based on molecular biological characteristics. Optimal fermentation conditions for the brewing of anti-hypertensive traditional rice wine comprised the addition of R. stolonifer No. 17 koji at a concentration of 35 sp/g and a fermentation period of 10 days at $25^{\circ}C$ using S. cerevisiae.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2011

Objectives : Elastic fibers are found in the skin, lungs, arteries, veins and other structures. Elastases destroy the elastic fibers and cause the emphysema and pulmonary hypertension. Oxidative stress is needed for these pathologic changes. Accordingly, present study was designed to investigate the effect of Yukmigeehwang-hwan extracts (YHE) on elastase activity and anti-oxidative effects of YHE. Methods : The inhibitory effects on elastase and DPPH and NO free radical scavenging activities of YHE were measured. Results : The elastase activity was significantly inhibited by YHE. YHE significantly scavenged DPPH and NO free radicals as well. Conclusion : YHE showed the elastase-inhibiting effects and anti-oxidative activities in vitro. These results suggest that YHE may have potential roles in the treatment of pulmonary emphysema and pulmonary hypertension.