• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2013

소리쟁이 추출물 및 분획물의 3T3-L1 전지방세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과, 소리쟁이의 hexane, ethyl acetate 분획물에 의해 지방세포의 lipid droplet의 형성이 유의적으로 억제되었으며, 소리쟁이 에탄올 추출물과 모든 분획물 10 ${\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 중성지질(triglyceride)의 함량이 유의적으로 감소되었다. 또한 지방세포의 분화에 관여하는 전사인자인 $PPAR{\gamma}$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$의 단백질 발현은 10 ${\mu}g/mL$의 ethyl acetate, butanol 분획물에 의해 현저하게 감소되었다. 따라서 소리쟁이 추출물과 분획물 중 가장 활성이 우수한 ethyl acetate 분획물을 이용하여 지방분화에 관여하는 전사 인자인 $PPAR{\gamma}$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, 그리고 SREBP1c 및 지질의 합성, 수송, 저장에 관여하는 ACS, FAS, FATP1, FABP4, Perilipin의 발현에 미치는 영향을 관찰한 결과, ethyl acetate 분획물은 유의적으로 모든 유전자의 발현을 억제시켰다. 따라서 소리쟁이의 ethyl acetate 분획물은 지방세포의 분화에 관여하는 전사인자 및 유전자들의 발현을 감소시킴으로써 항비만 효과가 있는 천연물 소재로 이용 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.806-813
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• 2012

Adipocyte differentiation is strongly associated with obesity, which causes metabolic disorders. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of widdrol on 3T3-L1 preadipocyte growth and differentiation. Widdrol decreased lipid droplet accumulation and down-regulated adipogenic transcription factors such as C/$EBP{\alpha}$, C/$EBP{\beta}$, and $PPAR{\gamma}$. Widdrol blocked preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation through the inhibition of mitotic clonal expansion, which was accompanied by the failure of degradation of p21, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. Cell-cycle analysis clearly indicated that widdrol actively induces cell-cycle arrest at the G1-S phage transition, causing cells to remain in the preadipocyte state. Moreover, widdrol increased p21 expression and inhibited Rb phosphorylation in preadipocyte incubated in a hormone medium. Therefore, these findings clearly suggest that widdrol blocks preadipocyte growth and differentiation through the inhibition of mitotic clonal expansion by p21-and Rb-dependent G1 arrest and can be developed as a potent anti-adipogenic agent for reducing obesity.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2013

Objectives This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of Mulberry leaves contained herbal mixture (MLHM) on body weight, serum lipid level and adipocyte differentiation in high fat diet-fed obese mice. Methods Four-week old mice (wild-type C57/BL6) were used for all experiments. Cells were incubated with MLHM at the indicated concentration (0.04-4mg/ml) for 24h, and growth rate was assessed by MTT ((3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were incubated in DMEM for 2 days with the indicated concentrations of MLHM, and on Day 6, the cells were fixed and the cellular lipid contents were assessed by Oil-Red-O staining. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ (PPAR ${\gamma}$) and cytidine-cytidine-adenosine-adenosine-thymine (CCAAT)/enhancer-binding proteins ${\alpha}$ (C/EBP ${\alpha}$) as adipocyte-specific proteins were determined by real time RT-PCR and western blotting. In addition, body weight gain and serum lipid levels were measured in the mice with obesity induced by the high fat-diet for four weeks. Results Though MLHM did not show toxicity even at the concentration of 4mg/ml, MLHM significantly inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocites in a dose-dependent manner. Also, MLHM significantly reduced the expressions of PPAR ${\gamma}$ and C/EBP ${\alpha}$ in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, MLHM significantly reduced body weight gain and LDL-cholesterol contents in high fat diet-fed obese mice. Conclusions These results demonstrate that MLHM exerts anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 cells and mice with obesity by high-fat diet.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.341-344
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• 2007

진세노사이드 Rd가 지방세포분화에 미치는 영향을 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 진세노사이드 Rd는 3T-L1지방세포모델에 있어 효과적으로 지방분화를 억제한다. 2. 진세노사이드 Rd는 세포내 에너지대사의 필수 단백질인 AMPK를 활성화시키고 또한 지방분화과정에 발현 및 활성이 증가하는 PPAR 감마의 활성을 효과적으로 억제한다. 이상의 결과로 진세노사이드 Rd는 세포내 에너지대사를 촉진하여 지방축적 억제에 탁월한 효과를 보일 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.651-663
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• 2016

옥수수수염, 율무, 표고버섯 그리고 사과껍질 70% 주정 추출물들(CS, JT, LE, AP)은 항산화 활성이 있었고, 그것 중에 CS가 총폴리페놀 함량, 플라보노이드 함량, DPPH 라디칼 소거작용, ABTS 라디칼 소거작용 그리고 환원력과 같은 항산화 효과가 가장 높았다. 지방분화는 CS, JT, LE, AP 그리고 옥수수수염, 율무, 표고버섯 그리고 사과껍질을 함유한 개발 빵 추출물(DB)을 각각 처리한 3T3-L1 지방세포에서 연구하였다. DB1과 DB2는 지방 전구세포 분화 억제 및 항산화 효과가 있었다. 3T3-L1 지방세포에서 중성지방 축적은 실험한 시료들(CS, JT, LE, AP) 중에서 CS가 분화된 3T3-L1 지방세포에서 TG 축적을 가장 억제하였고 3T3-L1에서 지방분화와 관련된 인자들을 조절하였다. CS는 3T3-L1 세포에서 지방구 형성과 지방세포 분화를 농도 의존적으로 억제하였다. 지방분화 동안 다양한 농도(10, 50, $100{\mu}g/mL$)에서 CS와 함께 처리한 3T3-L1 세포에서 $C/EBP{\beta}$, $PPAR{\gamma}$ 그리고 aP2 mRNA와 단백질 수준에 대한 CS의 영향력을 실험하였고, 3T3-L1 지방세포에 CS 처리는 $PPAR{\gamma}$와 aP2 mRNA 발현을 감소시켰다. CS는 역시 지방분화 중에 $C/EBP{\beta}$, $PPAR{\gamma}$와 aP2 단백질의 증가를 현저하게 저해하였다. 개발된 빵들은 CS에 의해 지방 전구세포(3T3-L1 preadipocytes) 분화 억제 효과가 있고, CS는 3T3-L1 지방세포에서 $C/EBP{\beta}$, $PPAR{\gamma}$와 aP2 신호전달경로를 저해함으로써 지방 전구세포 분화 억제 효과를 나타내었다. JT, LE와 AP는 지방 전구세포 분화 억제 효과는 없었지만 강한 항산화 효과가 있었다. 이들 결과는 개발된 빵이 비만예방 및 억제뿐만 아니라 산화적 스트레스에 의해 유발되는 질병에 도움을 줄 수 있는 건강빵이라는 것을 제안하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2023

This study was conducted to provide basic data on the antioxidant activity, inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of a mixture of Brassica juncea extract (BJE) and fermented black rice fraction (BRF). We investigated the total phenol content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant effects (DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging, reducing power, FRAP and ORAC assay) and anti-obesity activity of the mixture in 3T3-L1 cells. Our results showed that the total phenol and flavonoid content increased with increasing BRF mixture ratio. The antioxidant activity increased as the BRF mixture ratio increased. In addition, BJE and BRF mixtures did not show any cytotoxicity during the 3T3-L1 differentiation period. During adipocyte differentiation, BJE and BRF mixtures significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and ROS production compared to the control group. These results warrant further experiments to develop an anti-obesity functional food using a mixture of BJE and BRF.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2016

본 논문은 PDMS을 기반으로 한 미세접촉인쇄법을 사용하여 보다 효율적으로 지방세포를 선택적으로 배양접시에 부착시켰으며 패터닝 된 배양접시에서 지방세포가 빠르게 지방분화를 가능하게 하였다. PDMS을 이용한 선택적 표면 처리 방법은 기존의 세포칩 제작과 달리 소량의 유기용매사용, 저가의 장비 사용, 또한 효율적으로 특정 지역 안에서 지방세포를 고정화하고 성장시킬 수 있으며 이를 통해 지방세포의 생리학적 상태를 손쉽게 관찰할 수 있는 분석 기술로 활용된다. 이렇게 구성된 지방세포칩 위에 대표적인 비만 억제제 약물인 Orlistat을 $0.2{\mu}M{\sim}5.0{\mu}M$ 농도로 처리하였을 때 대조군에 비하여 최대 26.5%의 억제 효과가 나타남을 확인하였다. 따라서, 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법을 통하여 다양한 비만 억제제 약물 탐색을 위한 세포칩으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2021

Carnosol is a phenolic diterpene phytochemical found in rosemary and sage with reported anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of carnosol on the lineage commitment of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs) into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Interestingly, carnosol stimulated the early commitment of mBMSCs into osteoblasts in dose-dependent manner as demonstrated by increased levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin red staining for matrix mineralization. On the other hand, carnosol significantly suppressed adipogenesis of mBMSCs and downregulated both early and late markers of adipogenesis. Carnosol showed to induce osteogenesis in a mechanism mediated by activating BMP signaling pathway and subsequently upregulating the expression of BMPs downstream osteogenic target genes. In this context, treatment of mBMSCs with LDN-193189, BMPR1 selective inhibitor showed to abolish the stimulatory effect of carnosol on BMP2-induced osteogenesis. In conclusion, our data identified carnosol as a novel osteoanabolic phytochemical that can promote the differentiation of mBMSCs into osteoblasts versus adipocytes by activating BMP-signaling.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.674-681
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• 2020

The root of Codonopsis lanceolata has been used in traditional medicine. This study was conducted to confirm the comparative effect of ethanol solvent extraction (CLE) and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (CLS) of C. lanceolata roots. CLS had higher antioxidant than CLE. For supercritical co-solvent modified carbon dioxide extraction (CLS), it were extracted at 250 bar 50℃ 150 min at a flow rate of ethyl alcohol 3 mL/min for 90min. In addition, CLS inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. When treated with the extract at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway reporter luciferase activity of HEK 293-TOP cells increased approximately by 3-folds compared to that of the untreated control group. Also, the treatment by CLS (50 ㎍/mL) showed a significant increase of involucrin expression. These results indicate that supercritical carbon dioxide extract of C. lanceolatamay serve as a cosmeceutical agent for improving skin barrier function and the treatment of obesity.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2009

The Wnt/$\beta$-catenin signaling pathway alters adipocyte differentiation by inhibiting adipogenic gene expression. $\beta$-catenin plays a central role in the Wnt/$\beta$-catenin signaling pathway. In this study, we revealed that tumour necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$), a potential negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation, inhibits porcine adipogenesis through activation of the Wnt/$\beta$-catenin signaling pathway. Under the optimal concentration of TNF-$\alpha$, the intracellular $\beta$-catenin protein was stabilized. Thus, the intracellular lipid accumulation of porcine preadipocyte was suppressed and the expression of important adipocyte marker genes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-$\gamma$ (PPAR$\gamma$) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-$\alpha$ (C/EBP$\alpha$), were inhibited. However, a loss of $\beta$-catenin in porcine preadipocytes enhanced the adipogenic differentiation and attenuated TNF-$\alpha$ induced anti-adipogenesis. Taken together, this study indicated that TNF-$\alpha$ inhibits adipogenesis through stabilization of $\beta$-catenin protein in porcine preadipocytes.