• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.77-82
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• 2021

Using a multi-array needle module developed for coating of high-density cylindrical microlens array (C-MLA), we have fabricated an anti-Moiré filter for LED screens. The Moiré phenomenon appears due to the interference between the array pattern of image sensors in a camera and the non-emission area (grid pattern) of a LED screen. To suppress it, we have employed poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and coated it on a glass substrate in the form of a grid and non-grid (parallel lines). We have rotated the needle module in order to increase the number of C-MLAs. With this scheme, we have fabricated the 150 mm × 150 mm anti-Moiré filters where 836 microlens lines are formed. They show the average width of 255.4 ㎛, the average distance between CMLs of 94.6 ㎛, and C-MLA width non-uniformity of 4.7%. We have shown that the Moiré patterns still appear in the presence of the parallel (non-grid)-type filter, whereas they disappeared completely by the grid-type filter. It is due to the fact that the Moiré patterns are diffused more effectively by the grid-type C-MLA.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.95-100
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• 2022

Solar cell is a device that converts photon energy into electrical energy. Therefore, absorption of solar spectrum light is one of the most important characteristics to design the solar cell structures. Various methods have emerged to reduce optical losses, such as textured surfaces, back contact solar cells, anti-reflection layers. Here, the anti-reflection coating (ARC) layer is typically utilized whose refractive index value is between air (~1) and silicon (~4) such as SiN_x layer (~1.9). This research is to print a material called polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to form a double anti-reflection layer. Light with wavelength in the range of 0.3 to 1.2 micrometers does not share a wavelength with solar cells. It is confirmed that the refractive index of PDMS (~1.4) is an ARC layer which decreases the reflectance of light absorption region on typical p-type solar cells with SiN_x layer surface. Optimized PDMS printing with analyzing optical property for cell structure can be the effective way against outer effects by encapsulation.

• Advanced Industrial SCIence
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2023

This study was performed as a preliminary experiment to develop functional feed additives using by-products generated during the production of black garlic. Therefore antioxidant and immune enhancing activity of black garlic pomace were measured. As a result of measuring the antioxidant activity of black garlic pomace, it was found antioxidant activity. Nitric oxide (NO) assay was performed to test the immune enhancing activity of vegetable samples including black garlic pomace among the samples used in the experiment. As a result of the NO assay experiment, highest concentrations of black garlic pomace, aster glehni, and MIX form produced NO, which Garlic pomace (69.4%), aster glehni (35.9%), and MIX (45.3%), respectively, compared to LPS (100%). In conclusion, it is considered that black garlic pomace contains an anti-inflammatory effect, and if the optimal mixing ratio of black garlic pomace and aster glehni is selected, it will be of sufficient value as a feed additive containing an anti-inflammatory effect.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.511-521
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• 2015

It is a common failure type that high-filled embankment slope sideslips. The deformation mechanism and factors influencing the sideslip of embankment slope is the key to reduce the probability of this kind of engineering disaster. Taking Liujiawan high-filled embankment slope as an example, the deformation and failure characteristics of embankment slope and sheet-pile wall are studied, and the factors influencing instability are analyzed, then the correlation of deformation rate of the anti-slide plies and each factor is calculated with multivariate linear regression analysis. The result shows that: (1) The length of anchoring segment is not long enough, and displacement direction of embankment and retaining structure are perpendicular to the trend of the highway; (2) The length of the cantilever segment is so large that the active earth pressures behind the piles are very large. Additionally, the surface drainage is not smooth, which leads to form a potential sliding zone between bottom of the backfill and the primary surface; (3) The thickness of the backfill and the length of the anti-slide pile cantilever segment have positive correlation with the deformation whereas the thickness of anti-slide pile through mudstone has a negative correlation with the deformation. On the other hand the surface water is a little disadvantage on the embankment stability.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.459-475
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• 2018

In the field of aerospace engineering, accurate control of a spacecraft's orientation is often very important to mission success. Therefore, attitude control is a technically plentiful and extensively studied subject in controls literature during recent decades. This investigation of spacecraft attitude control is assumed to address two important aspects of the problem solutions. One sliding mode anti-disturbance control for utilization of faulty actuator components and another one disturbance observer based control to improve the pointing accuracy in the absence of anti-vibration equipment for the elastic appendages like a solar panel. Simultaneous occurrence of vibration due to flexible appendages and reaction degradation due to failure in attitude actuators complicates this case. The advantage of this method is acquisition proper control by the combination of disturbance observer and sliding mode compensation that form a fault tolerant control for the concerned satellite attitude control system. Furthermore, the proposed composite method indicates that occurrence the failure in actuators and even elastic solar panel vibration effect may be handled directly without reconfiguring the control components or providing piezoelectric devices. It's noteworthy, attitude quaternion and angular velocity commands are robustly tracked via controllers to become inclined to zero.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.174-182
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• 1999

This study. aimed to categorize attitude of smoking behaviors among adolescents and to provide useful data for development of anti-smoking programs for students was conducted from February 1 to August 15. 1999. using the Q method. After reviewing the literature and preceding studies. the researcher proceeded to interview 15 middle and high school students and thereupon. developed a statement form consisting of 34 items. Then. 33 students were sampled. The collected data were coded after having been scaled from '1' to '9'. and then. was analyzed using the PC QUANL program. After all. three types of adolescents were identified. The first type or 'negation' type students perceive smoking as bad habit. and therefore. do not admit of smoking. The second type or 'self-choice' type students conceive that anyone can smoke depending on their judgement. and therefore. admit of other students' smoking. The third type or 'self-perceived refusal' type admit of other students' smoking. but refuse smoking for themselves. Lastly. it is believed that the results of this study would be useful for designing anti-smoking health programs for our adolescents. It is also hoped that this study would be followed up by such studies suggested by the data for the development of anti-smoking programs for each category of students.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.24 no.2 s.173
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• pp.496-505
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• 2000

A semi-infinite parallel crack propagated with constant velocity in two bonded anisotropic strip under anti-plane clamped displacement is analyzed. Using Fourier integral transform a Wiener-Hopf equation is derived. By solving this equation the asymptotic stress and displacement fields near the crack tip are determined, where the results give the more general expression applicable to the extent of the anisotropic material having one plane of elastic symmetry for the parallel crack. The dynamic stress intensity factor and energy release rate are also obtained as a closed form, which are the results applicable to the problem both of dynamic and static crack under the same geometry as this study. The stress intensity factor approaches zero at the critical crack velocity which is less than the shear wave velocity, but in typical case of isotropic or orthotropic material agrees with the velocity of shear wave. Also a circular shear stress around crack tip is considered, from which the stress is shown to be approximately symmetric about the horizontal axis. Referring to the maximum stress criteria, it could be shown that a brenched crack is formed by crack growth as crack velocity increases.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.285-292
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• 2005

Anti-reflection film was coated by using spherical silica nano colloids. Silica colloid sol was reserved between two inclined slide glasses by capillary force, and particles were convectively stacked to form a film onto the substrate as the water evaporates. As the sliding speed increased, the thickness of the film decreased and the wavelength at the maximum transmittance decreased. The microstructure observed by SEM showed that silica particles were nearly close packed, which enabled the calculation of the effective refractive index of the film. The film thickness was measured by proffer and calculated from the wavelength of maximum transmittance and the effective refractive index. The effective refractive index of the film could be controlled by a subtle controlling of the coating speed and by mixing two different sized silica particles. When the 100 nm and 50 m particles were mixed at 4:1-5:1 volume ratio, the maximum transmittance of $95.2\%$ for one-sided coating was obtained. This is the one that has increased by $3.8\%$ compared to bare glass substrate, and shows that $99.0\%$ of transmittance or $1.0\%$ of reflectance can be achieved by the simple process if both sides of the substrate are coated.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.70-76
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• 2020

The CRISPR-Cas system provides an adaptive immunity for bacteria and archaea against invading phages or foreign plasmids. In the type II CRISPR-Cas system, a single effector protein Cas9 and a guide RNA form an RNA-guided endonuclease complex that can degrade DNA targets of foreign origin. To avoid the Cas9-mediated destruction, phages evolved anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins that neutralize the host bacterial immunity by inactivating the CRISPR-Cas system. Here we report the backbone ¹H, ¹⁵N, and ¹³C resonance assignments of AcrIIA5 that inhibits the endonuclease activity of type II-A Streptococcus thermophilus Cas9 and also Streptococcus pyogenesis Cas9 using triple resonance nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The backbone chemical shifts of AcrIIA5 predict a disordered region at the N-terminus, followed by an αββββαβββ fold.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1997

We investigated metabolism and carcinogenesis in livers of Sprague-Dawley rats fed juices and pelleted diets containing Korean native plants petasites japonicus Maxim by evaluating cell localization and expression of cytochrome P450s and GST-P. Anti-cytochrome P450s application in liver sections revealed three to four times increased expression of cytochrome P450E1 immunoreactivity in degenerative hepatocytes when compared to histologically normal hepatocytes. Anti-GST-P in showed positive pren plastic foci as well as in individual hepatocytes randomly scattered throughout all liver sections examined. Additionally GST-P was evident in proliferative endothelial cells and biliary epithelial cells in exposed rat livers. These results suggested that the increased level of cytochrome P4502E1 in affected hepatocytes was a direct consequence of Petasites japonicus toxicity. Further immunoreactivity to anti-GST-P in hepatocytes endothelial cells and biliary epithelial cells indicated a possible preneoplastic effects of Petasites japonicus in Sprague-Dawley rat.