• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.218-228
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• 2012

The prevalence rate of thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism) has increased within the Korean population and seems to be affected by iodine dietary habits. Some studies reported that the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction increase both in the area of iodine deficiency and excess. In this study, we tried to discover the difference in iodine intake, anthropometric measurements, and blood parameters between male subjects with or without subclinical thyroid dysfunction. A total of 5,249 subjects (Euthyroid: 4706, SubHypo: 454, SubHyper: 89) were used in this study. There were no significant differences in BMI, body fat, visceral fat, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TG, fasting serum glucose, HbA1c, alcohol intake, however significant differences were noticed in both age and smoking status. Through a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), iodine intake per day was estimated. The average iodine intake was similar (SubHypo $392.9{\pm}279.0{\mu}g$, Euthyroid $376.5{\pm}281.7{\mu}g$, SubHyper $357.3{\pm}253.8 {\mu}g$) among groups. The main source of iodine intake was eggs (52.8%, 54.2%, 52.4%) followed by milk (16.3%, 15.8%, 17.8%), then sea mustard & sea tangle (12.4%, 11.9%, 11.6%). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism was higher in subjects whose intake was higher than the recommended nutrient intake (RNI). These results suggest that the excess consumption of iodine intake may act as one of the risk factors regarding thyroid dysfunction in Korea. Therefore, an adequate amount of iodine intake is necessary in order to prevent subclinical thyroid dysfunction and clinical thyroid dysfunction.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.58.1-58.8
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• 2019

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender-specific and obesity-related airway anatomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by using cephalometric analyses. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 206 patients with suspected OSA undergoing polysomnography and anthropometric measurements such as body mass index, neck circumference, and waist-hip ratio. We checked lateral cephalometry to measure tissue landmarks including angle from A point to nasion to B point (ANB), soft palate length (SPL), soft palate thickness (SPT), retropalatal space (RPS), retrolingual space (RLS), and mandibular plane to hyoid (MPH). Results: Male with OSA showed significantly increased SPL (P = .006) compared with controls. SPL and MPH had significant correlation with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and central obesity. Female with OSA showed significantly increased ANB (P = .013) and SPT (P = .004) compared with controls. The receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that SPT in male and ANB and SPT in female were significant in model 1 (AHI ≥ 5) and model 2 (AHI ≥ 15). MPH was also significant for male in model 2. Conclusion: Male and female with OSA had distinct anatomic features of the upper airway and different interactions among soft palate, mandible, and hyoid bone.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2014

Objective: To study the effect of body composition on reproduction in women with unexplained infertility treated with a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intrauterine insemination programme. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 308 unexplained infertile women who were scheduled for a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intrauterine insemination programme and were grouped as pregnant and non-pregnant. Anthropometric measurements were performed using TANITA-420MA before the treatment cycle. Body composition was determined using a bioelectrical impedance analysis system. Results: Body fat mass was significantly lower in pregnant women than in non-pregnant women ($15.61{\pm}3.65$ vs. $18.78{\pm}5.97$, respectively) (p=0.01). In a multiple regression analysis, body fat mass proved to have a stronger association with fecundity than the percentage of body fat, body mass index, or the waist/hip ratio (standardized regression coefficient${\geq}0.277$, t-value ${\geq}2.537$; p<0.05). The cut-off value of fat mass, which was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristics curve, was 16.65 with a sensitivity of 61.8% and a specificity of 70.2%. Below this cut-off value, the odds of the pregnancy occurrence was found to be 2.5 times more likely. Conclusion: Body fat mass can be predictive for pregnancy in patients with unexplained infertility scheduled for a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intrauterine insemination programme.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.313-319
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• 2001

High serum cholesterol level is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease(CHD). Nutrition therapy of hypocholesterolemic diets with increased physical activity is the essential step in the treatment of the hypercholesterolemic patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term effect of intensive dietary therapy combined with regular exercise in lowering serum cholesterol level. Seventy three hypercholesterolemic outpatients(mean: 268.0$\pm$24.7mg/dL), aged 34 to 73(mean: 56$\pm$9.8yrs), who visited cardiology OPD of Yonsei Cardiovascular Center from April through October, 1998 were studied. Anthropometric measurements, usual nutrient intake survey using semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, and daily nutrient intake analysis were performed. The nutrition counseling for the hypocholesterolemic diet and exercise therapy was performed individually. After a 4 week intensive dietary therapy, comparisons of body weight, nutrient intakes, and blood lipid concentrations were evaluated for the hypocholesterolemic effect of intensive diet therapy. After 4 weeks of intensive diet therapy, significant reductions in percent ideal body weight(p<0.01), saturated fat intake(p<0.01), and cholesterol intake(p<0.01) were observed. There were significant reductions in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels after 4 weeks of therapy by 8.1%(p<0.01) and 9.7%(p<0.01), respectively. Our results showed that intensive dietary therapy was effective in reductions of serum total and LDL-cholesterol levels. The goal for this dietary modification should not be temporary but rather be permanent in eating behavior accompanied by appropriately increased physical activity.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify differences in physiological· psychological environmental behavioral characteristics between obese and control children participating in a health camp and to identify the factors related to childhood obesity. Methods: Two hundred eighty seven children aged 6 to 12 years were recruited from a health camp for elementary students in D city, Korea. Data collection was done on November 28 and 29, 2009. Anthropometric measurements, blood tests, and self-report surveys were conducted. Chi-square test, independent t-test, ANCOVA, and multiple logistic regression were performed using PASW statistics 18.0. Results: Obese children had adverse conditions for both physiological and psychological characteristics. In terms of environmental and behavioral characteristics, high maternal BMI and more than two hours of TV watching were significantly associated with high risk of childhood obesity (OR=1.11, 95% CI=1.02-1.21; OR=2.05, 95% CI=1.23-3.41). Conclusion: Through a multi-factorial approach, the current study identified the differences between obese and control children participating in a health camp and risk factors of childhood obesity. These findings provide preliminary data and perspectives on intervention research for prevention and management of childhood obesity.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.540-546
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among nutritional status of copper and zinc, serum leptin, and lipids of 99 middle school girls residing in kyunggi-do, Korea. Subjects were divided assigned to one of two groups such as normal (BMI<85 percentile, n=58) and obese (85$\leq$BMI, n=41) groups. Subjects were evaluated based on anthropometric measurements, 24-hr dietary recalls and blood analysis. The mean age was 13.93 years. The mean weight (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), body fat (p<0.001) of obese were significantly higher then those of normal group. The mean daily energy intake was 94.2% of RDA for Korean. The ratio of energy coming from carbohydrate, fat and protein was 63:24:13. The mean daily intakes of Cu and Zn were 1.4 mg and 7.4 mg (73.7% of RDA), and there were no significant difference between two groups. The mean serum levels of leptin (p<0.001), LDL-cholesterol (p<0.05), triglyceride (p<0.01), TPH (total cholesterol/HDL; p<0.001), LPH (LDL/HDL; p<0.001) and AI (atherogenic index; p<0.001) of obese were significantly higher than those of normal group. The mean serum Cu level of obese was significantly higher than normal group but, the mean serum Zn level of obese was significantly lower than normal group. Serum Cu showed a significantly positive correlations with body weight (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), body fat (p<0.001), serum leptin, and LPH. However, serum Zn showed a significantly negative correlations with body weight (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), serum leptin (p<0.001), TPH (p<0.05), and AI (Atherogenic index; p<0.05). To summarize the results, the Zn intakes of middle school girls did not reach to RDA for Koreans. Also, increase of BMI may lead to decrease of serum zinc level and increase of serum copper level, and this change of serum zinc related to the change of serum leptin and serum lipids level in middle school girls during rapid growth.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.280-292
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• 1998

Pressure sores are a serious concerns in that respect to increasing risk of medical complications and medical costs. Prevention and care of pressure sores is an essential area of nursing practice. The nurse at ICU should be more careful of maintaining the skin integrity of patients especially than at any other place. This study was conducted to determine if the risk facotrs of pressure sores and nutritional status of the patients at risk for pressure sores is related the occurance of pressure sore. The risk group refers the patients having the below 14 scores of the braden scale. The 100 subjects were recruited from the ICU ward at an university hospital in Choongnam. The parameters for nutritional status are the blood chemistry including plasma protein, albumin, hemoglobin and the anthropometric measurements consisting of weight, BMI, LBM, the proportion of body fat, body fluid and triceps skin fold using bioimpedence analizer and caliper. The results are as follows : 1. The subjects were 55 years and stayed 8 days on average. Of the 100 subjects, males were 61%, neurologic/neurosurgical diseases were 68% and the incidence of pressure sores was 17% mainly occuring within 3days after the admission. 2. The present paralysis(or paraplegia) and edema(arm, leg, trunk) were showed more significantly the subjects with pressure sores than those without pressure sores. 3. Regarding with the nutritional status, the subjects with pressure sores had significantly lower the weight, BMI, LBM, body fluid, albumin than the ones without pressure sores. This results were supported the reports of previous studies that the decreased weight and albumin could be the important predictors of pressure sores. Thereafter we should encourage these factors to be utilized in predicting pressure sores for a comprehensive assessment. Nurse should identify patients at risk of the development of pressure sores, assess their nutritional status and dietary intake at regular intervals.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.306-314
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• 2018

Purpose: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical phenotypes of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF); and to assess the role of pancreatic insufficiency and neonatal screening in diagnosis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, which included 77 patients attending a reference center of CF between 2014 and 2016. Epidemiological data, anthropometric measurements, and the presence of pulmonary, pancreatic, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary manifestations were evaluated based on clinical data and complementary examinations. Results: Of the 77 patients, 51.9% were male, with a median age of 147 months (7.0-297.0 months), and the majority showed adequate nutritional status. The most common phenotype was pulmonary (92.2%), followed by pancreatic (87.0%), with pancreatic insufficiency in most cases. Gastrointestinal manifestation occurred in 46.8%, with constipation being the more common factor. Hepatobiliary disease occurred in 62.3% of patients. The group with pancreatic insufficiency was diagnosed earlier (5.0 months) when compared to the group with sufficiency (84.0 months) (p=0.01). The age of diagnosis was reduced following implementation of neonatal screening protocols for CF (6.0 months before vs. 3.0 months after, p=0.02). Conclusion: The pulmonary phenotype was the most common, although extrapulmonary manifestations were frequent and clinically relevant, and should mandate early detection and treatment. Neonatal screening for CF led to earlier diagnosis in patients with pancreatic failure, and therefore, should be adopted universally.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.456-464
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to compare the quantitative and qualitative assessment of dietary intake between patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and healthy subjects and to investigate dietary factors related to MetS. Anthropometric measurements, blood analysis, and dietary intake as assessed by 24-hour recall were conducted in MetS patients (n=15) and healthy subjects (n=25). In order to assess the quantity and quality of dietary intake, daily nutrient intake, nutrient density, nutrient intake to dietary reference intake (DRI), nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), food intake, dietary diversity score (DDS), and dietary variety score (DVS) were analyzed. The statistical differences between MetS patients and controls were analyzed using the SAS software program. Daily energy intake and food intake were not significantly different between the two groups (2,154.3 kcal vs. 1,872.9 kcal; 1,280.0 g vs. 1,261.6 g). There were also no significant differences in daily nutrient intake, nutrient intake ratio to DRI, NAR, or DVS between the MetS group and the control group. However, daily intake of eggs and milk in MetS patients was significantly lower than in the control group (9.0 g/day vs. 30.3 g/day, p<0.05; 0 g/day vs. 49.7 g/day, p<0.05). These results indicate that low intake of eggs and dairy products may be related to the development of MetS.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.577-586
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• 2000

The objectives of this study were to develope slacks basic block to be used for improving the attactive silhouette and bodily fitness in ready-to-wear and educational patterns. The subjects were from 20 to 24 years old and twenty six body measurements were taken on the National Anthropometric Survey of Korea in 1977. The women in 20's think ideal body shapes are high stature, long legs, slander waist, hip, abdomen, thigh, ankle and light weight. And so it needs to be studied to studied to make slacks pattern which show slander girth and long length. The study was carried out by the following procedures. 1. Through the comparative investigation on the conventional slacks patterns of System M. Muller & Sohn, Secolli, 文化's in Japan, and Won-ja Rim's and the clothing experiment, the characteristics of every four patterns were found. 2. According to the center back slant, reflecting the change of waist circumference, thigh circumference, back crotch length, and the new suitable slacks pattern was achieved. 3. The sensory evaluation for appearance and comfort was applied to evaluate the new slacks pattern by comparing with the conventional slacks pattern. From the result of the sensory evaluation, it was found that the new slacks pattern was more suitable for appearance. 4. The new slacks pattern for women in their 20's were developed as follows ; The waist line came down 2 ㎝, the waist circumference was plus 2㎝ than originally, and the back hip circumference was larger 1 ㎝ than the front hip, the slacks length was created stature/8×4.9, the knee length was stature/8×2.7. The center back crotch length was interspaced 1∼1.5㎝ at the center front, and was at right angle the point which was raised 5㎝ at the side front. This size is not the absolute size but it helps to make the surplus on any other ready-made slacks for women.