• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.483-487
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• 2006

A study of pulmonary diseases in the slaughtered cattle (n = 125) of Mymensingh town was conducted to study pathological findings using the standard methods from September 2001 through April 2002. The pulmonary lesions observed in this study included congestion, emphysema, anthracosis, pleuritis abscess and hemorrhage. The histopathological findings of congestion were characterized by hemorrhage, a large number of leukocytes infiltration in the lumen of the alveoli, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, proliferation of fibrous connective tissue and hyperplasia of bronchiolar epithelia. Histopathologically, emphysema was identified by the distended alveoli with thin and atrophied alveolar walls. In anthracosis, carbon particles were found in stroma and alveolar lumen. In pleuritic lesions, there was a proliferation of fibrous connective tissue along with the infiltration of mononuclear reactive cells. Abscesses were characteristic of the accumulation of neutrophils surrounded by immature fibroblasts forming a capsule like structure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.424-428
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• 1979

Clinical observation were performed on 25 cases of Mediastinal tumors or Cyst, those were admitted and treated at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Hospital, during the 6 years period from March 1973 to March 1979. The following results are obtained. Of 25 cases, 19 patients were males and 6 patients were females. Range of age varied widely from 2 years to 72 years. Approximately 28% were younger than 15 years of age at the time of diagnosis. The common subjective symptoms of the patients were anterior chest pain [36%], coughing [27%], dyspnea and a few incidence of hemoptysis. Diagnostic procedures were posteroanterior and lateral chest roentgenorgrams, Chest tomograms, Brochograms, Esophagograms, Mediastinoscopy, Scalene and Axillary Lymph node biopsy, and Needle aspiration biopsy. In the histological distribution on Mediastinal tumors in order of frequency, Neurogenic tumor 6 cases [25%], Lymphoma 5 cases [21%], Bronchogenic cyst 4 cases [17%], Pericardial cyst 2 cases [8.3%], Teratodermoid tumor 2 cases [8.3%], and each one case of Rhabdomyosarcoma, Seminoma, Cavernous hemangioma, Anthracosis, Tuberculoma were noted respectively. Of 24 cases of the histologically confirmed Mediastinal tumors, 6 cases [24%] were malignant. Thoracotomy for removal of tumor or cyst was performed on 17 cases and offered cure of all benign tumors. In 6 cases of malignant tumors, Chemotherapy with Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide and Prednisolone was given to 1 case Lymphoma. There was no case of postoperative mortality.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2002년도 춘계 국제 학술대회
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• pp.69-73
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• 2002

There have been few reports on the survey of pathological findings of cetaceans stranded on the coast of Japan. This is partly because of lack of the procedures and/or network of systemic sampling of fresh tissues for the pathological study of stranded marine mammals. In contrast, there are a numbers of reports on the cause of illness and death in wild, free-living cetaceans examined in other countries; the commonest cause of death was parasitic and bacterial pneumonia except for entanglement in fishing gear. Anthracosis, lung and hilar lymph nodes polluted by suspended particulate matter in the air, has been recently found in some cetaceans stranded on the coast of Japan. In addition to the data from the chemical analysis of tissues, scientific data obtained from pathological study of stranded marine mammals would be also one of the useful base for the assessment of global environment. Usefulness of metallothionein in the hepatopancreas of crabs as a biomarker of marine pollution monitoring was also discussed in this study.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제77권3호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2014

Background: Bronchial anthracofibrosis (BAF), which is associated with exposure to biomass smoke in inefficiently ventilated indoor areas, can take the form of obstructive lung disease. Patients with BAF can mimic or present with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of BAF in Korean patients with COPD exacerbation as well as to examine the clinical features of these patients in order to determine its clinical relevance. Methods: A total of 206 patients with COPD exacerbation were divided into BAF and non-BAF groups, according to computed tomography findings. We compared both clinical and radiologic variables between the two groups. Results: Patients with BAF (51 [25%]) were older, with a preponderance of nonsmoking women; moreover, they showed a more frequent association with exposure to wood smoke compared to those without BAF. However, no differences in the severity of illness and clinical course between the two groups were observed. Patients in the BAF group had less severe airflow obstruction, but more common and severe pulmonary hypertension signs than those in the non-BAF group. Conclusion: Compared with non-BAF COPD, BAF may be associated with milder airflow limitation and more frequent signs of pulmonary hypertension with a more severe grade in patients presenting with COPD exacerbation.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2010

Objectives: Various cytokines induced by inhalation of coal dust may mediate inflammation and lead to tissue damage or fibrosis, such as coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP). Methods: To investigate the relevance of serum cytokines in CWP, the levels of serum interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) as CWP biomarkers in 110 retired coal miners (22 controls and 88 CWP subjects) were related to cross sectional findings and 1-year progressive changes of the pneumoconiosis. Progressive changes of CWP were evaluated by paired comparison of chest radiographs. Analysis by a receiver operating characteristic curve assessed the biomarker potential of each cytokine. Results: The mean serum IL-8 level was significantly higher in CWP compared to controls and IL-8 levels correlated with the degree of CWP. The median serum TNF-${\alpha}$ level was significantly higher in subjects with progressive CWP compared to subjects without CWP progression. The area under the ROC curve for IL-8 (0.70) and TNF-${\alpha}$ (0.72) for CWP identification and progression, respectively, indicated the biomarker potential of the two cytokines. Serum cutoff values of IL-8 and TNF-${\alpha}$ were 11.63 pg/mL(sensitivity, 69%; specificity, 64%) and 4.52 pg/mL (sensitivity, 67%; specificity, 79%), respectively. Conclusion: The results suggest that high levels of serum IL-8 are associated with the presence of CWP and those of serum TNF-${\alpha}$ are associated with the progression of CWP.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제81권4호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2018

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a standard procedure to evaluate suspicious lymph node involvement of lung cancer because computed tomography (CT) and $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) have limitations in their sensitivity and specificity. There are a number of benign causes of false positive lymph node such as anthracosis or anthracofibrosis, pneumoconiosis, old or active tuberculosis, interstitial lung disease, and other infectious conditions including pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible causes of false positive lymph node detected in chest CT or PET-CT. Methods: Two hundred forty-seven patients who were initially diagnosed with lung cancer between May 2009 and December 2012, and underwent EBUS-TBNA to confirm suspicious lymph node involvement by chest CT or PET-CT were analyzed for the study. Results: Of 247 cases, EBUS-TBNA confirmed malignancy in at least one lymph node in 189. The remaining 58 patients whose EBUS-TBNA results were negative were analyzed. Age ${\geq}65$, squamous cell carcinoma as the histologic type, and pneumoconiosis were related with false-positive lymph node involvement on imaging studies such as chest CT and PET-CT. Conclusion: These findings suggest that lung cancer staging should be done more carefully when a patient has clinically benign lymph node characteristics including older age, squamous cell carcinoma, and benign lung conditions.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1978년도 제12차 학술대회연제 순서 및 초록
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• pp.5.1-5
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• 1978

1968년 Ikeda가 처음으로 flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope를 소개한 후 기관지경의 이용은 급속히 확대되었다. 이에 따라 기관지경검사중에 진단을 목적으로 하는 조직생검도 빈번히 시행하게 되었다. 저자등은 1976년 6월부터 1978년 1월까지 시행한 233례의 기관지경검사중 조직생검을 시행한 71례를 분석관찰한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 20개월간 의뢰된 233례의 기관지경검사중 조직생검이 필요했던 경우는 30.5%인 71례이었다. 2. 조직생검이 필요했던 71례의 주소는 해수(17례), 호흡곤란(16례), 객담(15례) 등이 전체의 60%를 차지하며 흉통, 객혈의 순이었다. 3. 조직생검의 부위는 우상엽기관지가 21.1%로 제일 많았고, 좌주기관지, 좌상엽기관지, 우주기관지, 좌하엽기관지등의 순이었다. 4. 조직생검이 필요했던 71례의 원인질환은 폐암이 80%(57례), 결핵이 15%(11례), 악성중피종, 탄분증, 국균증(aspergillosis)등이 각 1례이었다. 5. 폐암이 생검결과 확진된 것은 57례중 36례로 63%의 진단율을 보였다. 6. 폐암으로 확진된 36례의 병리학적 소견은 편평상피암이 64%(25례), anaplastic 25%(9례), 폐암과 분류할 수 없는 것이 각 1례이었다. 7. 71례중 기관지조영술을 한 예는 51%인 36예이었으며, 그 시기는 기관지경검사전에 시행한 것이 1/4, 후에 시행한 것이 3/4이었다. 8. 71예중 76%(54예)에서, 세포진단학 검사를 병행하였으며, 이 결과는 PAP class V가 15%, class IV가 7.5%, class III가 1.8%이었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.642-649
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• 1999

연구배경: 비소세포폐암의 림프절의 병기 결정은 치료 및 예후 결정에 매우 중요하나 정확한 병기 결정에는 많은 어려움이 있다. 야에 저자들은 최근에 개발된 CoDe PET의 림프절 병기 결정에 대한 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 1998년 2월부터 1999년 6월까지 아주대학교병원에 내원하여 원발성 비소세포폐암으로 진단되어 치료를 시행하였던 환자 21예를 대상으로 하였다. 수술적 술전 폐암의 병기 결정을 위하여 흉부 전산화단층촬영, 복부 초음파검사, 전신 골주사 촬영, CoDe PET를 시행하였다. 대상 환자들의 수술후 병리학적 병기를 기준으로 하여서 CoDe PET로 결정된 림프절 병기의 민감도, 특이도, 양성 예측도, 음성 예측도, 정확도를 분석하였다. 결 과: 21예의 비소세포폐암중 20예에서 원발 종괴에 $^{18}FDG$가 섭취되었으며 위음성이 1예가 있었다. 림프절 병기에 있어 전체 21예중 13예에서는 병리학적 병기와 일치하였다. 병리학적 N0는 14예이었으며 CoDe PET의 N0에 대한 특이도는 64.3%이었다. N1 림프절에 대한 민감도는 83.3%, 특이도는 73.3%, 양성 예측도는 55.6%, 음성 예측도는 91.7%, 정확도는 76.2%이였다. N2 림프절에 대한 민감도는 60.0%, 특이도는 87.5%, 양성 예측도는 60.0%, 음성 예측도는 87.5%, 정확도는 90.0%이었다. 병리학적으로 그 크기가 측정된 림프절 29개중 암세포의 침윤이 있었던 림프절은 6개이었으며 이중 3개의 림프절은 CoDe PET에 국소 섭취로 나타났다. 위음성으로 나타난 3개의 림프절은 그 크기가 모두 1cm 이하였으며, 양성으로 나타난 림프절의 크기는 각각 1.1cm, 1.0cm, 0.5cm이었다. 크기가 1cm 이상이나 암세포의 침윤이 없었던 12개의 림프절중 1예에서만 위양성으로 나타났다. 5예에서는 위양성 소견을 보였는데 이중 1예는 폐결핵에 의한 육이종을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 1예는 pneumoconiosis, 1예는 anthracosis이었다. 결 론: CoDe PET는 크기가 1.5cm 이상의 림프절에 대한 음성 예측도가 비교적 높기 때문에 N3 림프절의 확대가 있는 비소세포폐암에서 CoDe PET를 시행하여 국소 섭취가 없는 경우에는 수술적 치료를 고려해 볼 수 있으리라 생각된다. 또한 CoDe PET는 아직 개발 단계에 있어서 향후 보다 더 발전된 영상을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.