• 한국재료학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2014

Silicon-carbon composite was prepared by the magnesiothermic reduction of mesoporous silica and subsequent impregnation with a carbon precursor. This was applied for use as an anode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Well-ordered mesoporous silica(SBA-15) was employed as a starting material for the mesoporous silicon, and sucrose was used as a carbon source. It was found that complete removal of by-products ($Mg_2Si$ and $Mg_2SiO_4$) formed by side reactions of silica and magnesium during the magnesiothermic reduction, was a crucial factor for successful formation of mesoporous silicon. Successful formation of the silicon-carbon composite was well confirmed by appropriate characterization tools (e.g., $N_2$ adsorption-desorption, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analyses). A lithium-ion battery was fabricated using the prepared silicon-carbon composite as the anode, and lithium foil as the counter-electrode. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the silicon-carbon composite showed better cycling stability than graphite, when used as the anode in the lithium-ion battery. This improvement could be due to the fact that carbon efficiently suppressed the change in volume of the silicon material caused by the charge-discharge cycle. This indicates that silicon-carbon composite, prepared via the magnesiothermic reduction and impregnation methods, could be an efficient anode material for lithium ion batteries.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.211-222
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• 2008

휴대용 전자기기의 전원으로 채용되어 상업적으로도 성공을 거두고 있는 리튬이차전지는 HEV(Hybrid Electric Vehicle)와 같은 비IT용 전원으로서도 중요성을 더하고 있다. 리튬이차전지는 리튬금속을 사용함에 따라서 초래되는 안전성을 문제를 탄소계음극을 채용하고 이에 따른 안전기구를 확보함에 의해 상용화 되었다고 할 수 있다. 이와 같이 전지에 있어 전극소재의 개발은 핵심기술이라 할 수 있으며, 점차 그 응용처가 확대되어 가고 있는 리튬이차전지의 전극소재 개발은 전지 산업뿐만 아니라 타 산업에 미치는 영향은 크다고 할 수 있다. 여기서는 리튬이차전지가 상용화되어 온 이후 채용되어온 음극과 개발중인 음극 후보에 대해 그 장단점을 분석해 보고자 한다.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.82-86
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• 2012

A sensitive eight-channel high-Tc Superconducting Interference Device (SQUID) detection system for magnetic contaminant in a lithium ion battery anode was developed. Finding ultra-small metallic foreign matter is an important issue for a manufacturer because metallic contaminants carry the risk of an internal short. When contamination occurs, the manufacturer of the product suffers a great loss from recalling the tainted product. Metallic particles with outer dimensions smaller than 100 microns cannot be detected using a conventional X-ray imaging system. Therefore, a highly sensitive detection system for small foreign matter is required. We have already developed a detection system based on a single-channel SQUID gradiometer and horizontal magnetization. For practical use, the detection width of the system should be increased to at least 65 mm by employing multiple sensors. In this paper, we present an 8-ch high-Tc SQUID roll-to-roll system for inspecting a lithium-ion battery anode with a width of 65 mm. A special microscopic type of a cryostat was developed upon which eight SQUID gradiometers were mounted. As a result, small iron particles of 35 microns on a real lithium-ion battery anode with a width of 70 mm were successfully detected. This system is practical for the detection of contaminants in a lithium ion battery anode sheet.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집(Proceeding of the KOSME 2000 Spring Annual Meeting)
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• pp.115-121
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• 2000

As the development of industry water quality of river is going to bad because of waste water of an industrial complex and general home agricultural chemicals exhaust of $SO_3$ and CO gas acid rain and so on. Corrosion damage of boiler factory equipment and so forth occur quickly due to using of the polluted water resulting in increasing leak accident. Especially working life of hot water boiler using the polluted water becomes more short and energy loss increases. The cathodic protection method is the most economical and reliable one to prevent corrosion damage of steel structures. Mg-base alloys galvanic anode protection of cathodic protection method is suitable for than application of hot water boiler using water with high specific resistance such as tap water. This paper is studied on the cathodic protection characteristics of how water boiler. In tap water and 0.001mol/$\ell$ NaCl solution the characteristics of anodic polarization of Mg-base alloys galvanic anode and tube material is investigated the measurement of cathodic protection potential according to the time elaspsed is carried out.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.238-242
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• 2020

Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) illustrated great potential for powering environmental sensors and bioremediation of sediments. In the present study, array anodes for SMFCs were fabricated with graphite rods as anode material and stainless steel plate as electric current collector to make it inconvenient to in situ settle down and not feasible for large-scale application. The results demonstrated that maximum power of 89.4 ㎼ was obtained from three graphite rods, twice of 43.3 ㎼ for two graphite rods. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that three graphite rods resulted in anodic resistance of 61.2 Ω, relative to 76.0 Ω of two graphite rods. It was probably caused by the parallel connection of the graphite rods, as well as more biomass which could reduce the charge transfer resistance of the biofilm anode. The presently designed array configuration possesses the advantages of easy to enlarge the surface area, decrease in anodic resistance because of the parallel connection of each graphite rod, and convenience to berry into sediment by gravity. Therefore, the as prepared array node would be an effective method to fabricate large-scale SMFC and make it easy to in situ applicate in natural sediments.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.92.1-92.1
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• 2011

Anode off-gas of high temperature fuel cells such as MCFC contains a significant amount of combustible components like hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane according to fuel utilization ratio of the fuel cell stack. Thus, it is important to fully burn anode off-gas and utilize the generated heat in order to increase system efficiency and reduce emissions as well. In the present study, 25 kW catalytic combustor has been developed for the application to a load-following 300kW MCFC system. Mixing and combustion characteristics have been experimentally investigated with the catalytic combustor. Since the performance of catalytic combustor directly depends on the combustion catalyst, this study has been focused on the experimental investigation on the combustion characteristics of multiple catalysts having different structures and compositions. Results show that the exhaust emissions are highly dependent on the catalyst loading and the ratio of catalytic components. Test results at load-following conditions are also shown in the present study.

• Carbon letters
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.336-342
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• 2010

Different oxidation treatments on CNTs using diluted 4.0 M $H_2SO_4$ solution at room temperature and or at $90^{\circ}C$ reflux conditions were investigated to elucidate the physical and chemical changes occurring on the treated CNTs, which might have significant effects on their performance as catalyst supports in PEM fuel cells. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope analyses were made for the acid treated CNTs to determine the particle size and distribution of the CNT-supported Pt-Ru nanoparticles. These CNT-supported Pt-based nanoparticles were then employed as anode catalysts in PEMFC to investigate their catalytic activity and single-cell performance towards $H_2$ oxidation. Based on PEMFC performance results, refluxed Pt-Ru/CNT catalysts prepared using CNTs treated at $90^{\circ}C$ for 0.5 h as anode have shown better catalytic activity and PEMFC polarization performance than those of the commercially available Pt-Ru/C catalyst from ETEK and other Pt-Ru/CNT catalysts developed using raw CNT, thus demonstrating the importance of acid treatment in improving and optimizing the surface properties of catalyst support.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.438-442
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• 2017

This paper reports the facile synthesis of microlamella-structured porous copper (Cu)-oxide-based electrode and its potential application as an advanced anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nanowire-like Cu oxide, which is created by a simple thermal oxidation process, is radially and uniformly formed on the entire surface of Cu foam that has been fabricated using a combination of water-based slurry freezing and sintering (freeze casting). Compared to the Cu foil with a Cu oxide layer grown under the same processing conditions, the Cu foam anode with 63% porosity exhibits over twice as much capacity as the Cu foil (264.2 vs. 131.1 mAh/g at 0.2 C), confirming its potential for use as an anode electrode for LIBs.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.244-249
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• 2019

SiO has a high theoretical capacity as a promising anode material candidate for high-energy-density Li-ion batteries. However, its practical application is still not widely used because of the large volume change that occurs during cycling. In this report, an active material containing a mixture of SiO and graphite was used to improve the insufficient energy density of the conventional anode with the support of multidimensional conducting agents. To relieve the isolation of the active materials from volume changes of SiO/graphite electrode, two types of conducting agents, namely, 1-dimensional VGCF and 0-dimensional Super-P, were introduced. The combination of VGCF and Super-P conducting agents efficiently maintained electrical pathways among particles in the electrode during cycling. We found that the electrochemical performances of cycleability and rate capability were greatly improved by employing the conducting agent combinations of VGCF and Super-P compared with the electrode using only single VGCF or single Super-P. We investigated the detailed failure mechanisms by using systematic electrochemical analyses.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.78-89
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• 2022

ANODE-free Li-metal batteries (AFLMBs) operating with Li of cathode material have attracted enormous attention due to their exceptional energy density originating from anode-free structure in the confined cell volume. However, uncontrolled dendritic growth of lithium on a copper current collector can limit its practical application as it causes fatal issues for stable cycling such as dead Li formation, unstable solid electrolyte interphase, electrolyte exhaustion, and internal short-circuit. To overcome this limitation, here, we report a novel dual-salt electrolyte comprising of 0.2 M LiPF₆ + 3.8 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in a carbonate/ester co-solvent with 5 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate, 2 wt% vinylene carbonate, and 0.2 wt% LiNO₃ additives. Because the dual-salt electrolyte facilitates uniform/dense Li deposition on the current collector and can form robust/ionic conductive LiF-based SEI layer on the deposited Li, a Li/Li symmetrical cell exhibits improved cycling performance and low polarization for over 200 h operation. Furthermore, the anode-free LiFePO₄/Cu cells in the carbonate electrolyte shows significantly enhanced cycling stability compared to the counterparts consisting of different salt ratios. This study shows an importance of electrolyte design guiding uniform Li deposition and forming stable SEI layer for AFLMBs.