• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.351-365
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• 1988

During one year[1987], 110 cases of open heart surgeries were performed in the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje Medical College. And the results were summarized as follows. 1. Among the 110 cases, there were 77 cases of congenital heart diseases and 33 cases of acquired heart diseases. Age range of the congenital patients was 8 months to 30 years with the mean age of 8 years, and acquired patients was 16 to 56 years with the mean age was 32 years. 2. The heart lung machine used for cardiopulmonary bypass was Sarns 7000, 5-head roller pump, and the number and type of oxygenators were 50 of membrane type and 60 of bubble type. For all cases GIK[glucose-insulin-potassium] solution was used as cardioplegic solution for myocardial protection during operation. 3. Among the 77 congenital anomalies, there were 67 cases of acyanotic patients[ASD: 12, VSD: 50, PS: 1, AP window: 1, Gerbode defect: 1, ECD: 2] and 10 cases of cyanotic patients[TOF: 10], and to all of which the appropriate radical operations were applied. 4. Among the 33 acquired diseases, there were one case of left atrial myxoma, one of annuloaortic ectasia, 20 of mitral valve diseases[MS: 2, MSr: 8, MR: 2, MRs: 8], 9 of double valve diseases[MRs+AR: 1, MRs+ARs: 2, MRs+TR: 1, MSr+TR: 3, MSr+ASr: 1, MSr+ARs: 1], 2 of triple valve diseases[MSr+AR+TR: 1, MSr+ASr+TR: 1]. The left atrial myxoma was removed well with right atriotomy and atrial septal approach. And to the annuloaortic ectasia, Bentall operation was applied with good result. Mitral valve replacement[MVR] was applied to 20 cases of mitral valve diseases, double valve replacement[MVR+AVR] was applied to 6 cases of double valve diseases, MVR & tricuspid annuloplasty[TVA] was applied to 3 cases of mitral 5. The number of replaced valve were 39 in 31 cases. In MVR, 5 of mechanical valves[St. Jude Medical Valve] and 26 of tissue valves[Carpentier-Edward valve] were used. In AVR, 3 of mechanical valves and 5 of tissue valves were used. 6. Postoperative complications were occurred in 23 cases, and among them 21 cases were recovered with intensive cares, but 2 cases were expired[mortality: 1.8%].

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.373-377
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• 1997

소아에서의 선천성 승모판 폐쇄부전은 다른 기형의 동반과 함께 일찍 심부전을 일으키게 되나 기계 판막과 조직 판막 모두 소아에서는 한병증과 재수술을 요하는 바 자신의 조직을 최대한 이용하여 교정하는 것이 바람직하다. 1991년 1월부터 1995년 5월까지 15세이하의 소아에서 선천성승모판폐쇄부전증으로 32예에서 교정수술을 시행하였다. 나이는 3개월에서 9년 7개월(평균 24.0 $\pm$26.1) 이었으며 남아가 16예, 여아가 16예 였다. 26예(81 %)에서 심장기형을 동반하였으며 이중 심실중격결손증이 18예를 차지하고 있었다. 수술시 승모판막의 병리적 소견을 보면 판막윤의 확장만을 보인 경우가 7예, 판막침의 탈출증이 18예, 판막에 열이 있는 경우가 5예 그리고 판막침의 운동장애를 보인 경우가 2예 있었다. 판막의 교정은 판막윤 성형술만을 시행한 경우가 14예, redundant leaflet을 교정한 경우가 6예, 판막열을 폐쇄한 경우가 5예, 판막삭의 축소를 시행한 경우가 4예, 판막의 부분절제가 2예, 유두상근의 분리를 1예에서 시행하였다. 수술사망은 없었으며 만기사망은 심부전과 패혈증으로 2예에서 발생되었다. 추적관찰시 8예 에서 교정된 판막의 부전이 濚森퓸\ulcorner이중 2예에서 재수술을 시행하여 판막을 인공판막으로 치환하였다. 모든 환아의 46개월의 생존율은 92.5%를 보였으며 재수술회피율은 12개월, 46개월시 95%와 92.5% 를 보였고 판막교정의 실패율은 12개월,46개월시 68.7%와 61 8%를 보였다. 그러므로 소아에서 승모판의 교정수술은 비록 판막교정의 실패율은 높지만 낮은 사망과 낮은 재의 위험성을 보이기 때문에 소아에서 승모판폐쇄부전증은 가능곤판막의 재건으로 치료해야 할것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.705-711
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• 2002

승모판 재건술의 장점은 이미 잘 확립되어져 왔고 그래서 최근에는 승모판막 질환에서 판막 재건술 이 선택적인 수술수기로 여겨지고 있다. 저자들은, 승모판막 폐쇄부전으로 판막 재건술을 시행한 38례(승모판 재건술을 시행받은 환자는 총 49명이었으나, 승모판막 치환술을 받은 11명의 환자는 제외함.)의 환자들에서 중기성적을 보고하는 바이다. 대상 및 방법: 1991년 3월부터 2001년 3월까지, 38명의 환자가 승모판막 폐쇄부전으로 판막 재건술을 시행받았고, 일부는 판막협착이 동반되기도 하였다. 평균연령은 47.6 $\pm$ 14.7세(범위 15~70세)이고 이중 11명은 남자 27명은 여자였다. 폐쇄부전의 원인은 퇴행성 14, 류마티스성 21, 감염성 2, 선천성 1명이었다. 결과: Carpentier 기능분류상 제일형 3례, 제이형 16례이고 제삼형은 19례 이었다 적용된 수술수기는 판륜성형술 15, 교련절개술 19, 판첨절제 및 판륜중첩술 9, 건삭단축술 11, 건삭 전이술 5, 새로운 건삭형성술 2례이고, 유두근분할이 2례, 판첨의 세균성증식 제거술이 2례 이었고, 이들 수기들은 대부분 환자에서 복합적으로 적용되었다. 조기사망이 2명이었는데 사망원인은 호흡부전, 신부전 그리고 폐혈증이었고, 만기사망은 없었다 또한 중등도의 승모판막 폐쇄부전 및 승모판의 협착으로 총 6례에서 판막재건술 후 승모판막 치환술이 이루어졌다. 추적관찰 기간은 1개월부터 116개월이고 평균 43개월이었다. 수술 전 후 NYHA 기능분류는 술 전 2.36에서 술 후 1.70으로 호전된 양상을 보였다. 결론 : 대부분의 승모판막 폐쇄부전에서 기술적으로 환자에게 적용이 가능하다면 판막 재건술은 안정적인 기능적 결과를 얻을 수 있고 또 낮은 수술사망이나 만기사망을 얻을 수 있는 효과적인 수술수기가 될 것이다.맥 차단 시간은 평균 $96.6{\pm}35.3$분 이었고, 심폐관류 시간은 평균 179.2${\pm}$94.6분이었다. 전체 조기 사망률은 8.6%이었으나 선택적 수술에서의 사망률은 3.1%였으며 가장 흔한 사망 원인은 6례(2.1%)에서 나타난 저심박출증이었다. 조기 사망에 영향을 미치는 요소는 고혈압, 70세 이상의 고령, 좌심실 박출계수 40% 미만의 좌심실기능 저하, 울혈성 심부전, 술전 대동맥내 풍선펌프, 응급 수술, 만성 신부전이었다. 생존한 환자 269례중 241례에서 추적관찰을 시행하였으며 평균 추적관찰 기간은 39.0127.0개월이었다. 만기 사망이 7례(2.9%)에서 있었으며 이중 4례가 심장질환으로 인한 사망이었고, 증상의 재발이 14례(5.8%)에서 발생하였다. 증상이 재발한 환자 14례중 13례에서 관상동맥 조영술을 시행하였으며 이에 준하여 재관상동맥 우회술, 관상동맥 중재술과 약물요법을 시행했고 1례를 제외한 12례에서 이후 증상의 재발은 없었다. 결론: 관상동맥 우회술후 조기 성적뿐 아니라 만기 사망과 증상의 재발 등에 관하여 지속적으로 추적관찰을 하여 비교적 만족할만한 성적을 얻었으나 성적을 향상시키기 위해서는 수술수기의 향상뿐 아니라 수술후 관리와 외래 추적관찰 등에 대한 적극적인 관심도 필요할 것으로 생각된다.하고도 완전교정술 도달 확률이 높은 치료전략이라는 사실을 입증하였으며 주대동맥폐동맥혈관부행지의 크기나 숫자가 단일화하기 쉬운 형태학적 특징을 지닌 경우에는 조기에 일단계완전교정술을 시행하여 양호한 결과를 얻을 수 있다는 사실을 발견하였다. 반면 본 환아군 중 단일화술을 먼저 시도한 군에서는 비록 단계적인 단일화를 시도한 군에서 단일화술과 관계된 수술사망율이 약간 낮기는 하였으나 완전교정술까지 완료될 가능성에는 차이가 없었다. 그러나

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.77-81
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• 1980

We present one case of 26-year-old male having saddle block combined with mitral valvular disease [NYHA Class IV] with auricular fibrillation. The most common cause of emboli is atrial fibrillation. The clinical manifestations of saddle emboli are relatively slow due to development of collateral circulation and large size of lumen of the aorta. The 5month duration of saddle emboli in this case led to severe atrophic changes, coldness, peripheral cyanosis on the both lower extremities, and flexion deformity on the knee and ankle joint of the left lower extremity. We planned staged operation for the saddle block and for mitral stenoinsufficiency and tricuspid insufficiency, because of poor general condition of the patient. The thromboembolectomy of aortic bifurcation was performed through the transabdominal approach without trial of Fogarthy catheter embolectomy, because of expectation of the secondary inflammatory changes of the vessel wall and thrombi which was 3 cm X 1 cm X 0.5 cm in size with irregular surfaced solid in consistency. 1 month later, after thromboembolectomy, mitral valve replacement and tricuspid annuloplasty were performed, with successful early operative result. During operation organized thrombi [1 cm X 0.5 cm] in the left auricle was removed. We wonder if simple management using Fogarthy catheter might be possible to remove the thromboemboli instead of thromboembolectomy by aortotomy in this case.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.550-562
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• 2023

Background and Objectives: To identify the factors associated with adverse outcomes following surgery for functional insufficiency of the mitral valve (MV) or tricuspid valve (TV) associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: We evaluated 100 patients (age, 66.5±10.0 years; 47 males) who consecutively underwent surgery for functional insufficiency of the MV or TV associated with AF between January 2000 and December 2020 at our center. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of all-cause death, valve reoperation, congestive heart failure (CHF) requiring rehospitalization, and stroke. Results: During follow-up (532 patients-years [PYs]), adverse events included death in 16 (3.0%/yr), MV reoperation in 1 (0.2%/yr), CHF in 14 (2.6%/yr), and stroke in 5 (0.9%/yr) patients, demonstrating a 5-year rate of freedom from the primary endpoint of 69.5%. The rate of postoperative AF was high even in those who underwent AF ablation (n=92), with cumulative rates of 48.1% at 1 year and 60.2% at 5 years. In multivariable analyses, the primary outcome was significantly associated with age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.10; p=0.005), chronic kidney disease (aHR, 7.76; 95% CI, 2.28-26.38; p=0.001), left atrial appendage exclusion (aHR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.16-1.78; p=0.010), and postoperative AF as a time-varying covariate (aHR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.50-7.40; p=0.003). Conclusion: Among patients undergoing surgery for functional atrioventricular insufficiency associated with AF, a significant proportion showed recurrence of AF over time after concomitant AF ablation, which was significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.205-217
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• 2022

Background and Objectives: The prognostic value of left atrial (LA) function in terms of long-term clinical outcomes after mitral regurgitation (MR) surgery remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the impact of preoperative LA global longitudinal strain (LAGLS) on the long-term postoperative clinical outcomes in chronic severe MR patients who underwent mitral valve (MV) repair surgery. Methods: From January 2012 to December 2017, we analyzed 338 patients (mean age, 51.9±12.5 years; 218 males [64.5%]) treated with MV repair surgery for severe MR. The primary outcome was cardiovascular events, defined as the composite of all-cause death, newly developed atrial fibrillation (AF), and re-hospitalization for cardiovascular causes. Results: During a median follow-up of 45 months (interquartile range, 26-65), 30 (8.9%) cardiovascular events, 5 (1.5%) all-cause death, 8 (2.4%) newly developed AF, and 26 (7.7%) re-hospitalizations occurred. On multivariable analysis, baseline LAGLS was an independent predictor of cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% confidential interval [CI], 0.85-0.97; p=0.004) and re-hospitalization (adjusted HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86-1.00; p=0.037). According to the optimal cutoff value of LAGLS, patients with low LAGLS (<23.6%) had a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular events (adjusted HR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.04-7.00; p=0.041) than those with high LAGLS (≥23.6%). In a subgroup analysis, patients with high LAGLS had better clinical outcomes regardless of whether the patient had a LA volume index <60 mL/m². Conclusions: In patients with chronic severe MR who received successful MV repair surgery, preoperative LAGLS is an independent predictor of long-term postoperative outcomes.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.162-168
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• 1990

Unroofed coronary sinus syndrome is an uncommon anomaly which is caused by incomplete formation of the left atriovenous fold and it is usually associated with persistent left superior vena cava. It may be diagnosed by cardiac catheterization and cineangiography but, if it is not diagnosed, it can bring out significant complications due to right to left shunt, such as brain abscess, cerebral embolism, transient ischemic attack, arterial desaturation and there will reduced patient`s life expectancy. Therefore corrective operation was needed. A case of unroofed coronary sinus syndrome which combines with valvular heart disease was experienced at the department of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery of Kosin medical college. The patient was 49 years old female and she complained dyspnea on exertion for 2 yrs. Cardiac catheterization with cineangiography and both superior venacavogram were performed for diagnosis and she was diagnosed as unroofed coronary sinus syndrome combined with mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. Surgical correction was accomplished by reroofing of coronary sinus with pericardial patch, closure of atrial septal defect and annuloplasty of both atrioventricular valves. Postoperative results were satisfactory and course of recovery was uneventful. We report a case of unroofed coronary sinus syndrome with review.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 1985

Cortriatriatum is rare congenital heart disease characterized by the presence of a fibromuscular diaphragm that subdivides the left atrium into a proximal or "accessory" and a distal or "true" left atrial chamber. A 15 year old girl with cortriatriatum underwent surgical correction at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Soonchunhyang College in November, 1984. This case was preoperatively diagnosed as a single atrium with functional tricuspid regurgitation But on operation, we found that there were transverse septum in the left atrium through large ASD, low chamber receives the pulmonary veins, and the upper chamber gives rise to the left atrial appendage and leads to the mitral valve. And the anomalous membrane has no fenestrations. We excised completely the anomalous septum, reconstructed atrial septal defect with dacron patch and performed the tricuspid annuloplasty with DeVega method. Postoperative course was uneventful during follow up, during follow up.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.688-694
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• 1986

Takayasu`s disease is an arteritis of unknown etiology involving larger elastic arteries such as aorta and its branches, pulmonary arteries and rarely coronary arteries. Especially, aortic root involvement with the valvular leaflets has been reported in several cases of Takayasu`s arteritis. Recently we have experienced one case of Takayasu`s arteritis involving left subclavian artery, descending aorta, left renal artery and multiple valvular leaflets. The patient was 33 year-old female and admitted with complaints of cough, dyspnea and general weakness. Aortogram revealed extensive type of arteritis showing dilatation of ascending aorta, segmental narrowing of thoracic aorta and Riolan`s anastomosis. Double valve replacement [mitral and aortic valve] and tricuspid valve annuloplasty were performed. The patient made an excellent postoperative recovery and has shown striking improvement in cardiac status, NYHA functional class II eight months after operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.247-249
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• 2011

We report a case of pseudo-pseudoaneurysm, which is a very rare complication of myocardial infarction. A 69-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with chest tightness and dyspnea. He had undergone aortic valve replacement with a pericardial bioprosthetic valve, ring mitral annuloplasty, and reconstruction of an aortic annular defect due to infective endocarditis with bovine pericardium 4 years prior. Echocardiography and computed tomography showed pericardial effusion and a 16-mm cavity at the anterolateral wall of the left ventricle. Magnetic resonance imaging suggested either pseudo-pseudoaneurysm or myocardial abscess. We successfully repaired the myocardial defect using a patch made from a vascular graft with pledgeted horizontal mattress sutures under cardiopulmonary bypass.