• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of a specific functional shoe in terms of the range of motion (ROM) of ankle and foot joints during walking when compared to a standardized shoe. METHODS: Kinematic ROM data pertaining to ankle, tarsometatarsal, and metatarsophalangeal joints were collected from twenty-six healthy individuals during walking using a ten-camera motion analysis system. Kinematic ROM of each joint in three planes was obtained over ten walking trials consisting of two different shoe conditions. Visual3D motion analysis was finally used to coordinate the kinematic data. All kinematic ROM data were interpolated using a cubic spline algorithm and low-pass filtered with a cutoff frequency of 6 Hz for smoothing. RESULTS: The overall ROM of the ankle joint in the sagittal and coronal planes when wearing the specific functional shoe was significantly decreased in both ankles during walking when compared to wearing a standard shoe (p<.05). Significantly more flexibility was observed when wearing the specific functional shoe in the tarsometatarsal and metatarsophalangeal joints compared to a standard shoe (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Although clinical application of the specific functional shoe has shown clear positive effects on knee and ankle moments, the results of this study provide important background information regarding the kinematic mechanisms of these effects.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in kinetic and kinematic variables associated with an increase in upper body weight. Eighteen healthy male university students($175.96{\pm}4.19\;cm$, $70.79{\pm}8.26\;kg$) participated. Eight motion analysis cameras(Qualysis Oqus 500) and 2 force AMTI platforms(Advanced Mechanical Technologies Inc. OR6-7, US) were used to record motion and forces during the drop landing at a frequency of 120 Hz and 1200 Hz, respectively. QTM software(Qualisys Track Manager) was used to record the data, and the variables were analyzed with Visual 3D and Matlab 2009. For the drop landing, a box of $4{\times}2{\times}0.46\;m$ was constructed from wood. Knee and ankle maximum flexion angle, knee flexion angle, knee and ankle angle at landing, time for maximum ankle flexion after landing, and time for maximum knee flexion after landing were calculated. There was a significant change in the time for maximum and minimum ground force reaction and the time for maximum dorsal flexion after landing(p<.05) with increasing weight. There was no significant change for the hip, knee, and ankle ROM, whereas there was an increase in the angle ROM as the weight increased, in the order of ankle, knee, and hip ROM. This result shows that the ankle joint ROM increased with increasing weight for shock attenuation during the drop landing. There was a trend for greater ankle ROM than knee ROM, but there was no clear change in the ROM of the hip joint with increasing weight. In conclusion, this study shows the importance of ankle joint flexibility and strength for safe drop landing.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.278-286
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• 2009

본 연구는 스트레칭이 $\alpha$-운동신경원의 흥분도를 변화시키는지의 여부와 이에 따른 유연성의 변화 정도를 알아보고자 시도되었다. 본 연구에서 $\alpha$-운동신경원 흥분도는 비복근 H-반사의 Hmax/Mmax 비로 측정하였으며 근육의 유연성은 족관절의 능동 배측굴곡 가동 범위를 통해 알아보았다. 스트레칭은 10명의 건강한 피검자를 대상으로 총 4분간(2분간의 스트레칭, 1분의 휴식, 2분간의 스트레칭), 각 시기별로 비복근에 적용하였다. $\alpha$-운동신경원 흥분도와 유연성을 분석하기 위해 본 연구에서는 스트레칭 적용 전, 1차 스트레칭 적용 직후, 2차 스트레칭 적용 직후, 그리고 2차 스트레칭 적용 후 48시간 후 Hmax/Hmax와 족관절의 능동 배측굴곡 각도를 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과 1차와 2차 스트레칭 적용 후 의미 있는 $\alpha$-운동신경원 흥분도의 감소와 족관절 능동 배측굴곡 각도의 증가가 나타났으나 스트레칭을 소거한 48시간 후에는 $\alpha$-운동신경원 흥분도와 족관절의 능동 배측굴곡 가동 범위가 스트레칭 적용전과 비슷한 상태로 되돌아갔다. 이러한 스트레칭에 의한 비복근 $\alpha$-운동신경원 흥분도 감소와 이에 따른 족관절 배측굴곡 유연성 증가는 족관절 주변의 III형 기계적 수용기와 근육에 위치한 골지건 기관의 활성 결과로 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2016

이 연구는 고령화 사회를 대비하여 노인 체력 향상 프로그램 설계 및 관련 정책을 수립하기 위한 기초 자료를 수집하기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. 이를 위해 2013년, 서울 동대문구 소재 노인종합복지관에 등록 중인 노인 52명과 동대문구 소재 대학교 학부 과정에 재학 중인 학생 46명을 연구 대상으로 하여 하지의 등속성 근기능과 발목 관절가동범위, 유연성, 균형성 및 신체조성 등을 측정하였으며, Biodex system IV, Biodex stabilizer system, CNP-5403, Inbody 3.0이 사용되었다. 남자 노인 집단의 평균 연령은 77.13세였으며, 45.85kg의 근육량을 가지고 있었고, 체전굴은 2.97cm로 유연성이 아주 결여되어 있었다. 좌측발의 균형 능력이 우측보다 좋지 않았으며, 발바닥쪽굽힘의 관절 가동 범위는 35도 내외로 정상 범위에서 벗어났다. 전반적인 무릎 폄근과 굽힘근의 근력은 남자 대학생의 50% 정도 수준이었으며, 뒤넙다리근의 결손율이 18.55%로 균형이 깨어져 있었다. 발목 가쪽번짐-안쪽번짐 결손율 또한 23.08%, 19.19%로 나타났다. 여자 노인 집단의 평균 연령은 75.46세로 근육량은 35.68kg이었으며, 체전굴은 11.69cm로 여자 대학생 집단과 비슷하게 좋은 편이었다. 무릎의 동측 근력비가 좌우 모두 50% 미만이었고, 결손율 또한 폄 14.32%, 굽힘 19.73%로 좌우 근력 균형이 좋지 않았다. 발목의 발등굽힘력은 여자 대학생 집단의 62%(좌), 73%(우) 정도였다. 발등굽힘-발바닥쪽굽힘의 결손율이 각각 25.05%, 26.86%, 가쪽번짐-안쪽번짐 결손율이 19.97%, 21.09%로 나타나 발목의 좌 우 근력 불균형이 상당히 심한 것으로 나타났다. 상기 연구 결과들이 실질적인 노인 체력 향상 훈련 프로그램을 제공하고 관련 정책을 수립하는 데 도움이 되기를 바란다.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.5-17
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• 2002

The purpose of this one group pre and post test study was to evaluate the effect of self-help programs(SHP) which has been conducted from 1997 to 2000. The SHP was held by Korean Rheumatology Health Professionals Society(KRHP) once a week for 6 weeks for chronic arthritis patients in Korea. Eight hundred fifty five subjects completed the program at 43 sites. The effect of SHP were evaluated by flexibility, pain, activities of daily living(ADL), fatigue, depression and self-efficacy. After SHP, followings were found: 1. Participants' characteristics of SHP were most common in living in Seoul, women, sixties, high school graduates, house wifes, osteoarthritis, completed in 1999. 2. The flexibility of arm, knee, ankle joint were significantly increased, but the flexibility of the shoulder was not changed. 3. Level of pain was decreased significantly from 5.21 to 3.99, and the number of painful joints were decreased from 4.96 to 4.18 significantly. 4. The score of ADL was increased from 53.74 to 54.97 significantly. 5. The score of depression and self-efficacy was not changed. In conclusion, SHP was clearly proved to be an effective nursing intervention to Increase the flexibility of arm, knee, ankle joint and enhanced ADL. Also SHP decreased pain and fatigue. More research is needed to determine the role of self-efficacy and depression in the SHP, use of a randomized design and longer follow up period to understand more about the effects of the program.

• Advances in biomechanics and applications
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2014

The purpose of the study was to investigate the kinematics between the double collar-tie and double underhook Thai Boxing clinching positions. Ten amateur mixed martial arts athletes executed six knee strikes for both clinching positions with their dominant limb directed towards a target. A standard two-dimensional video motion analysis was conducted, and the results showed a statistical significant difference at the hip joint angle and the angular acceleration of the knee and ankle. Within both clinching positions, there was a statistically significant correlation between the hip and knee joint angles, hip and knee angular velocities, and hip angular acceleration. Between both clinching positions, there was a statistically significant correlation at the knee joint angle, knee angular velocity, and hip angular acceleration. This study demonstrates the importance of the hip and knee joint movements in both clinching positions, which implies the applications of strength training and flexibility at these joints for sports performance and injury prevention. It is suggested that future studies analyzing the non-dominant leg are warranted to fully understand the Thai Boxing clinch.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study compared the effect of performing gastrocnemius stretching with and without the self-myofascial release of the sole on the active and passive ankle dorsiflexion angles and muscle tone of the gastrocnemius muscle in subjects with short gastrocnemius muscle. METHOD: A total of 23 subjects with short gastrocnemius muscles were included in this study. The study participants were divided into two experimental groups. Group A performed gastrocnemius muscle self-stretching exercises only, while group B performed self-myofascial release of the sole using a massage ball after the gastrocnemius muscle self-stretching exercises. For both groups, the active and passive ankle dorsiflexion angles were measured using a goniometer, and the tone of the gastrocnemius muscle was assessed using the MyotonPRO®. RESULTS: Within-group comparison showed that the participants in both groups A and B had significantly increased active and passive ankle dorsiflexion angles and decreased gastrocnemius muscle tone (p < .05) after performing their respective exercises. However, no significant differences in the said criteria were observed between groups A and B (p>.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that both methods were effective in increasing active and passive dorsiflexion angles and decreasing muscle tone. Thus, it is recommended to tailor gastrocnemius stretching exercises according to the patient's condition. If the patient does not experience discomfort in the plantar fasciae, it is recommended to perform the gastrocnemius stretching exercise only without myofascial release and use a massage ball afterward.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2014

Objective: In this study, we applied a neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliding technique to healthy adults to elucidate its effects on hamstring flexibility and postural balance. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study targeted twenty four healthy adults (16 men, 8 women). A neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliding technique was applied 5 times to all subjects' dominant leg. The subjects were asked to sit on the bed while performing cervical and thoracic flexion, as well as knee flexion with ankle plantar flexion. Then, they were asked to perform cervical and thoracic extension and knee extension with their ankle in dorsiflexion and maintain the position for 60 s. For postural balance, we measured postural sway while the subjects maintained a one-legged standing posture using the Good Balance System and measured the hip joint flexion range of motion using a standardized passive straight leg raise (SLR) test. Results: SLR test increased significantly from $79^{\circ}$ before the intervention to $91.67^{\circ}$ after the intervention (p<0.05). Regarding the participants' balance evaluated using the one-legged standing test, the X-speed decreased significantly from 18.61 mm/s to 17.17 mm/s (p<0.05), the Y-speed decreased from 22.28 mm/s to 20.52 mm/s (p<0.05), and the velocity moment was significantly decreased from $89.33mm^2/s$ to $74.99mm^2/s$ after the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusions: Application of the neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliding technique exhibited improved hamstring flexibility and postural balance of healthy adults.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that difference in forefoot of shoe flexibility during the quick lunge from a jump smashing on the lower limbs and the plantar pressure distribution. For this 10 elite badminton players with over 10 years experience and right handed participated. Two kinds of badminton shoes were selected and tested mechanical testing for the forefoot flexibility. Motion analysis, ground reaction forces and plantar pressure distribution were recorded. It was required to conduct lunge movement after jumping smashing as possible as high. Photo sensor was located in 3 meter away from standing position and its height was 40 cm. Subjects were conducted to return original position after touching the sensor as under clear movement as possible as fast. Forefoot stiffness had an effect on shoe peak bending degree and peak bending angular velocity in propulsion phase. Forefoot flexibility had an effect on ankle plantar flexion and knee flexion moment. It appears that joint power on lower limb and peak plantar pressure were not influenced by the flexibility of shoes.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.62-76
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• 2003

This study was a quasi-experimental study of non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest design. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Tai Chi exercise program on physical functions, psychological functions, and fall among the fall-prone elderly. The data were collected from September 19, 2001 to January 31, 2002. The study, conducted at two facilities located in Kwang-ju, was targeted to the ambulatory aged 60 years or older who had at least one of the key fall risk factors. Experimental group participated in Tai Chi exercise for 40 minutes per one time and three times a week for 12weeks at an auditorium. Fifty nine fall-prone elderly were assigned to 12-week Tai Chi exercise program (n=29) and control group (n=30). They underwent tests of lower muscle strength, time for chair stand, balance, flexibility, depression, falls efficacy, fear of falling, and numbers of fall at the baseline and at the 12th week. Numbers of fall and fall injuries were monitored for 16 weeks(12-weeks intervention plus 4-week follow-up periods) using fall calendar. Each participant was given a calendar to record the numbers of fall per day for a month. The calendars were collected at the last week of each month. 1. Tai Chi exercisers showed significant improvement in the strength of knee flexors, and ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors compared to the control group. The experimental group had improvement in the strength of knee extensors while the control group did not, with no statistical significance. 2. Tai Chi exercisers reported positive change in the average time of chair stand as compared to the control group. 3. Tai Chi exercisers had significant improvement in flexibility as compared to the control group. 4. There was no significant difference in the depression between the two groups, even though the Tai Chi exercisers maintained depression score in the same level while the others were increased. 5. Tai Chi exercisers showed significant improvements in the falls efficacy as compared to the control group. The falls efficacy was significantly improved among the experimental group while the opposite was identified among the control group. 6. The experimental group reported the significant reduction of the fear of fall, whereas control group reported the opposite. 7. Of the 59 subjects for 16weeks(12weeks intervention period and 4weeks follow up), 9 (31.0%) of the 29 in exercise group and 15 (50%) of the 30 in the control group fell (relative risk=0.62. 95% CI 0.32-1.19), even with no statistical difference. The results suggest that the Tai Chi exercise program can improve the strength of knee flexors, ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors, chair stand. flexibility, falls efficacy, and fear of falling for the fall-prone elderly.