• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.407-412
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• 2015

We investigated the effect of ultra-high molecular weight poly-γ-glutamic acid (UHMW γ-PGA) on hair loss in vitro and in vivo. 5-Alpha reductase is an enzyme that metabolizes the male hormone testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. By performing an in vitro experiment to analyze the inhibitory effects of UHMW γ-PGA on 5-alpha reductase activity, we determined that UHMW γ-PGA did in fact inhibit 5-alpha reductase activity, indicating the use of UHMW γ-PGA as a potential 5-alpha reductase inhibitor in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia. To evaluate the promotion of hair growth in vivo, we topically applied UHMW γ-PGA and minoxidil on the shaved dorsal skin of telogenic C57BL/6 mice for 4 weeks. At 4 weeks, the groups treated with UHMW γ-PGA showed hair growth on more than 50% of the shaved skin, whereas the control group showed less hair growth. To investigate the progression of hair follicles in the hair cycle, hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed. Histological observations revealed that the appearance of hair follicles was earlier in the UHMW γ-PGA-treated group than in the control group. The number of hair follicles on the relative area of shaved skin in the UHMW γ-PGA-treated group was higher than that observed on the shaved skin in the control group. These results indicate that UHMW γ-PGA can promote hair growth by effectively inducing the anagen phase in telogenic C57BL/6 mice.

• 생약학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Padina arborescens and 1-O-myristoyl-2-O-oleoyl-3-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-glycerol(MOGG), its active component, on the prevention of hair loss. The P. arborescens extract and MOGG inhibited the activity of 5α-reductase, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone(DHT), a main cause of androgenetic alopecia. When immortalized rat vibrissa dermal papilla cells were treated with MOGG, the proliferation of dermal papilla cells significantly increased. In addition, we found that the P. arborescens extract and MOGG could open the K_ATP channel, which may contribute to increase hair growth. Furthermore, MOGG promoted PGE₂ production in HaCaT cells. The results suggest that MOGG from the P. arborescens extract has the potential to treat alopecia via 5α-reductase inhibition, the proliferation of dermal papilla, the opening of the K_ATP channel and/or increase of PGE₂ production.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Grateloupia elliptica, a seaweed native to Jeju Island, Korea, on the prevention of hair loss. When immortalized rat vibrissa dermal papilla cells were treated with extract of G. elliptica, the proliferation of dermal papilla cells significantly increased. In addition, the G. elliptica extract significantly inhibited the activity of $5{\alpha}$-reductase, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a main cause of androgenetic alopecia. On the other hand, the G. elliptica extract promoted $PGE_2$ production in HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner. The G. elliptica extract exhibited particularly high inhibitory effect on LPS-stimulated IL-12, IL-6, and TNF-${\alpha}$ production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. The G. elliptica extract also showed inhibitory activity against Pityrosporum ovale, a main cause of dandruff. These results suggest that G. elliptica extract has the potential to treat alopecia via the proliferation of dermal papilla, $5{\alpha}$-reductase inhibition, increase of $PGE_2$ production, decrease of LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibitory activity against Pityrosporum ovale.

• 생약학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Dictyota coriacea extract and its active components such as 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide on the hair growth. Treatment with D. coriacea extract and the hexane and EtOAc fractions of D. coriacea extract significantly increased the proliferation of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), a central regulator of the hair cycle. Especially, 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide from D. coriacea extract, caused an increase in the DPC proliferation. When isolated rat vibrissa follicles were treated with 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide or epiloliolide for 21 d, the hair-fiber lengths for the vibrissa follicles increased. When examined the activity of 5α-reductase, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a main cause of androgenetic alopecia, the several solvent fractions of D. coriacea extract significantly decreased the 5α-reductase activity while 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide scarcely inhibited 5α-reductase activity. In addition, we found that the D. coriacea extract and several solvent fractions of D. coriacea extract could not act as a K_ATP channel opener, which could be a contributory factor in the effect on hair growth. These results suggest that D. coriacea extract and 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide, principals of D. coriacea, have the potential to treat alopecia via the proliferation of DPCs.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.196-201
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• 2022

곤충과 같은 새로운 단백질 공급원은 인간의 영양을 위해 제안됩니다. 단백질 가용성은 곤충 특성에 영향을 받을 수 있습니다. 발효를 통해 독특한 특성을 지닌 다양한 곤충 기반 성분 및 식품을 얻을 수 있습니다. 그러나 발효된 식용 곤충이 단백질 가용성에 미치는 영향은 알려져 있지 않습니다. 발효 쌍별 귀뚜라미 분말은 주로 단백질로 구성됩니다. 이전에는 귀뚜라미 분말의 경구 투여가 남성형 탈모증에서 모발 성장을 개선하는 것으로 보고 되었습니다. 본 연구의 목적은 동물모델에서 쌍별 귀뚜라미 발효분말의 모발 촉진 활성을 평가하는 것입니다. 수컷 C57BL/6 마우스(25-30 g)를 사용했습니다. 실험을 위해서 마우스의 복부 털(2×2.5 cm)을 부드럽게 제거했습니다. 그룹은 다음과 같이 처리되었습니다. 정상 급이군(쌍별귀뚜라미 분말 없음), 쌍별귀뚜라미 분말 급이군 및 발효 쌍별 귀뚜라미 분말 급이군으로 실험군은 구성 되었습니다. 음식은 11주 동안 공급하였습니다. 관찰을 수행하고 대조군 및 실험군의 결과를 비교했습니다. 대조군과 비교 하였을 때, 발효 쌍별 귀뚜라미 분말의 적용은 유의하게(p<0.01) 모발 성장을 촉진했습니다. C57BL/6 실험의 결과는 쌍별 귀뚜라미 발효 분말은 7주 후 모발 성장이 급격히 증가 되었음을 확인시켜줍니다. 급이 7주 후, 성장기의 모발 비율을 정상 급이군과 쌍별 귀뚜라미 분말 급이군에서 각각 비교한 결과, 발효 쌍별 귀뚜라미 급이군에서 약 125% 및 약 120% 증가하였습니다. 결론적으로 쌍별 귀뚜라미 발효 분말의 적용은 발모를 촉진하기 때문에 탈모증 치료의 유망한 대안으로 볼 수 있습니다. 또한 구성을 고려할 때 아미노산과 같은 미량 원소가 이러한 효과에 기여했을 수 있습니다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.148-154
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• 2017

Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum and its active component, norgalanthamine have been reported to have hair growth-promoting effect via the proliferation of dermal papilla cells. In this study, we investigated the other mechanisms of C. asiaticum extract var. japonicum and norgalanthamine on the hair growth. The C. asiaticum var. japonicum extract inhibited $5{\alpha}$-reductase activity by 16%, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a main cause of androgenetic alopecia, whereas the C. asiaticum var. japonicum extract didn't function as an opener of the $K_{ATP}$ channel. On the other hand, we examined whether norgalanthamine can inhibit transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ (TGF-${\beta}$) signal pathway, which is essential in the regression induction of hair growth. Norgalanthamine inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 on TGF-${\beta}1$-induced canonical pathway in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. These results suggested that the C. asiaticum var. japonicum extract and norgalanthamine had the potential to influence hair growth through the inhibition of $5{\alpha}$-reductase activity and TGF-${\beta}1$-induced canonical pathway.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.354-360
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• 2020

The hair cycle (anagen, catagen, and telogen) is regulated by the interaction between mesenchymal cells and epithelial cells in the hair follicles. The proliferation of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), mesenchymal-derived fibroblasts, has emerged as a target for the regulation of the hair cycle. Here, we show that vanillic acid, a phenolic acid from wheat bran, promotes the proliferation of DPCs via a PI3K/Akt/Wnt/β-catenin dependent mechanism. Vanillic acid promoted the proliferation of DPCs, accompanied by increased levels of cell-cycle proteins cyclin D1, CDK6, and Cdc2 p34. Vanillic acid also increased the levels of phospho(ser473)-Akt, phospho(ser780)-pRB, and phospho(thr37/46)-4EBP1 in a time-dependent manner. Wortmannin, an inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt pathway, attenuated the vanillic acid-mediated proliferation of DPCs. Vanillic acid-induced progression of the cell-cycle was also suppressed by wortmannin. Moreover, vanillic acid increased the levels of Wnt/β-catenin proteins, such as phospho(ser9)-glycogen synthase kinase-3β, phospho(ser552)-β-catenin, and phospho(ser675)-β-catenin. We found that vanillic acid increased the levels of cyclin D1 and Cox-2, which are target genes of β-catenin, and these changes were inhibited by wortmannin. To investigate whether vanillic acid affects the downregulation of β-catenin by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), implicated in the development of androgenetic alopecia, DPCs were stimulated with DHT in the presence and absence of vanillic acid for 24 h. Western blotting and confocal microscopy analyses showed that the decreased level of β-catenin after the incubation with DHT was reversed by vanillic acid. These results suggest that vanillic acid could stimulate anagen and alleviate hair loss by activating the PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in DPCs.