• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.353-362
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• 2024

Celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) are the main blood supply to the liver and pancreas. The data of anatomical variations in these arteries or their branches are very important clinically and surgically. The aim of this study was to describe the different variants in these arteries through the examination of the angiographs of a large series of Egyptian individuals. This research involved 389 selective angiographies to celiac artery, its branches, and the SMA. Anatomy of the target arteries of people who experienced visceral angiograph was reviewed and the data were recorded. From the total available angiograms in this work, 286 patients (73.52%) had the standard anatomy of celiac trunk and superior mesenteric arteries, and 103 patients (26.47%) had a single or multiple vessel variation. The inferior phrenic artery originates from celiac trunk in 2.05% of patients, while quadrifurcation of the celiac trunk was noticed in only 0.51% of patients. Absence of celiac trunk is also found in 0.51% of patients. Left gastric artery showed an abnormal origin from the splenic artery in 0.51% of patients. Quadrifurcation of common hepatic artery was also noticed. Variant anatomy of the left hepatic artery (LHA) was seen in 9.51% of patients, while variations of the right hepatic artery (RHA) were 14.13%. With the different origin of hepatic arteries, the gastroduodenal artery arose either from the LHA (2.82%), RHA (2.31%) or even from the celiac trunk (1.79%).

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.46-47
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• 1982

1. The physical and anatomical properties investigated in this study are the ones, which may give more effect on absorption of preservatives, such as variation of annual ring, specific gravity, shrinkage, E.M.C. of desorption and adsorption at 70 percent relative humidity condition, general and minute properties of wood. 2. On this study, the positive effects of wood structure, in particular, the appearances of tyloses in vessel element upon the absorption of creosote were observed. 3. Thirteen percent sodium chloride solution treatment and boiling hot water treatment have shown poor results to improve the preservative absorption characteristics of tested species however, some slight difference between treated and control could be seen. (see Tables 6 and 7).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.429-433
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to find anatomical variation of each small breed dog's dentition for designing more effective dental chews. Small breed dogs were volunteered for dental impressions with dental stone and alginate under tiletamine-zolazepam, tramadol, and medetomidine intravenous anesthesia. Twenty-two criteria were measured to compare dental impressions. Twenty-five dogs (9 Malteses, 8 Miniature Poodles, and 8 Shih-Tzus) were recruited. Statistically, Shih-Tzus had smaller teeth and shorter interdental spaces than those of Maltese and Miniature Poodles. Grossly, the distance between upper teeth and lower teeth was wider in Shih-Tzus. Shih-Tzu had different dental anatomy in comparative to Miniature Poodle and Maltese. It was recommended to design the dental chew considering these differences.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.253-257
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• 2013

Maxillary lateral incisors usually exhibit a single root with a single canal. However, maxillary lateral incisor teeth with unusual morphology of root canal system are frequently reported. These cases of variable root canal anatomy can be treated well by nonsurgical endodontic methods. A detailed description of root canal morphology is fundamental for successful endodontic treatment. Treatment using an operating microscope, radiographs from different angles, and cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) can produce more predictable endodontic outcomes.

• 생약학회지
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• 제35권1호통권136호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2004

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae) is listed in Shen Nung Pentsao Ching(神農本草經) as the remedy for replenishing the primodial qi(氣), restoring pulse, treating collapse, tonifing the spleen and lag, promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, tranquilizing the mind, and improving the function of brain. The prescriptions of In Sam Tang(人參揚) are also recorded in many other Chinese medical books. The identification of the age of Panax ginseng is very important in commercial market as well as in research field. However, any reports about it have not been clearly established yet. To clarify the criterion, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the roots of various age Panax ginseng cultivated in Korea were studied. The characteristics of cork layer, secretory canal, and vessel were shown to bε useful keys to confirm the age of Panax ginseng.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.570-574
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• 2023

The intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) originates from the second intercostal nerve's lateral cutaneous branch, while the median nerve (MN) typically arises from the brachial plexus's lateral and medial roots. The medial cutaneous nerve of the arm, a branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus, often connects with the ICBN. Variations were observed during the dissection of a 50-year-old male cadaver, including MN having two lateral roots (LR), LR1 and LR2, joining at different levels. Three ICBNs innervated the arm in this case, with the absence of the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm compensated by branches from the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm. Understanding these anatomical variations is crucial for surgical procedures like brachioplasty, breast augmentation, axillary lymph node dissection, and orthopedic surgery. Surgeons and medical professionals must be aware of these variations to enhance preoperative planning, minimize complications, and improve patient outcomes in these procedures.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.324-327
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• 2024

Essential sources of arterial vascularisation in the head and neck region are the left and right common carotid arteries (CCA) and their branches. The left CCA (LCCA) originates from the arch of the aorta and the right CCA originates from the brachiocephalic trunk. In this case report, there was a bilateral higher division of CCA at the plane of the greater cornua of the hyoid bone, unilateral tri-ramification of the LCCA and the left external carotid artery (LECA), and the origin of the linguo-facial trunk and the pharyngo-occipital trunk from the LECA. An aneurysm formed in the distal part of LECA before its termination. In this case, we propose a novel categorization called the punnapatla classification for the anatomical variance branching forms of ECA. These kinds of variations are important to the surgeons, and anaesthetists, during the surgeries of the head and neck.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2010

Purpose of study: The purpose of this study was to provide adequate diagnostic guideline for the maxillary sinuses prior to dental implant treatment for edentulous posterior maxillary areas. For this purpose, our procedure involves the estimation of the remaining alveolar bone height, the examination of the anatomical variation in the maxillary sinuses (e.g. sinus septum), and the evaluation of the incidence of preoperative pathological conditions in the maxillary sinuses. Materials and Methods: We selected 189 patients to undergo computerized tomography (CT) in order to account for the posterior maxillary anatomy found in patients of Korean ethnicity. We evaluated the following using Dentascan software: Remaining alveolar bone height, incidence of sinus septum, and rate of preoperative pathologic conditions in the maxillary sinus. The average amount of remaining alveolar bone height was analyzed using the student's t-test for differences according to anatomical site, and the ANOVA was used for the differences according to age group with the level of significance set at 0.05. Results: Alveolar bone heights of upper first premolar, second premolar, first molar, and second molar was 12.24 mm, 10.37 mm, 7.16 mm, and 7.15 mm, respectively with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Incidence of sinus septum as an anatomic variation was 17 out of 189 cases (9.0%). Incidence of mucosal thickening as a pathologic variation was 82 out of 189 cases (43.4%). Conclusion: In treatment planning of posterior maxillary edentulous area of Koreans, the consideration of augmentation surgery for maxillary sinus is required in maxillary molar area before dental implant installation, and preoperative screening of the asymptomatic maxillary sinuses can be regarded as a reasonable preoperative procedure in the planning of dental implant treatment on the posterior maxillary edentulous area.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2015

피부는 신체에서 가장 크고 육중한 기관 중 하나로 인간의 생리 및 병리 과정에 참여한다. 피부는 자기 유지 및 치유, 기계적 및 화학적 손상 방어, 자외선 과 외부 병원성 미생물로부터의 방어, 비타민 D 합성 그리고 사회 심리적 기능을 한다고 알려져 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 한국 여성의 부위와 연령에 따라 피부 생물학 인자와 연관된 생물리학 인자의 변화를 평가하는 데 있다. 20 ~ 49세의 약 70명의 건강한 성인 여성이 이 실험에 참여하였다. 측정부위는 하박 내측과 뺨으로 진행하였다. 인체 피부의 생물리학 인자를 측정하기 위하여 여러 가지 비침습적인 방법으로 진행하였다. 피부의 생물학 인자를 분석하기 위하여 코티졸, 파이브로넥틴, 케라틴-1, 10, 11, 인보루크린, 케라틴 6를 인체의 얼굴과 하박내측으로 비교하였다. 또한 비침습적 방법으로 피부 생물리학 인자는 피부 부위와 연령에 따른 차이를 측정하였다. 측정 부위에 따른 결과, 각질층 수분량, 경피수분손실량과 피부색(L과 a값)은 유의적인 차이가 나타났다. 연령에 따른 결과, 오직 피부색에서만 연령에 따른 차이가 유의적으로 나타났다. 코티졸, 케라틴-6, 파이브로넥틴, 케라틴-1, 10, 11 은 연령과 부위간 유의적 차이가 없지만 인볼루크린은 30 ~ 39세 연령대에서 다른 연령대보다 유의적으로 가장 높았다. 이러한 결과는 개인의 피부 환경에 대한 상세한 피부 상태 변화로 설명할 수 있을 것이다.

• 해부∙생물인류학
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.167-170
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• 2018

랑거겨드랑활은 겨드랑에서 흔히 나타나는 변이다. 랑거겨드랑활의 해부학적 그리고 임상적 중요성 때문에 이에 대한 관심이 많다. 학생실습과정에 68세 여성 시신의 오른쪽 팔에서 근육변이가 관찰되었다. 이 근육은 넓은등근의 가쪽모서리에서 근육의 형태로 일어났다. 그 후 힘줄의 형태로 겨드랑동맥과 정중신경을 가로질러 지나간 후 넓어지며 다시 근육의 형태로 큰가슴근에 부착되었다. 우리는 이 근육변이를 소개하고 이것의 임상적 의의에 대해 논의하였다.