• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.58.1-58.8
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• 2019

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender-specific and obesity-related airway anatomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by using cephalometric analyses. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 206 patients with suspected OSA undergoing polysomnography and anthropometric measurements such as body mass index, neck circumference, and waist-hip ratio. We checked lateral cephalometry to measure tissue landmarks including angle from A point to nasion to B point (ANB), soft palate length (SPL), soft palate thickness (SPT), retropalatal space (RPS), retrolingual space (RLS), and mandibular plane to hyoid (MPH). Results: Male with OSA showed significantly increased SPL (P = .006) compared with controls. SPL and MPH had significant correlation with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and central obesity. Female with OSA showed significantly increased ANB (P = .013) and SPT (P = .004) compared with controls. The receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that SPT in male and ANB and SPT in female were significant in model 1 (AHI ≥ 5) and model 2 (AHI ≥ 15). MPH was also significant for male in model 2. Conclusion: Male and female with OSA had distinct anatomic features of the upper airway and different interactions among soft palate, mandible, and hyoid bone.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.153-168
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• 2003

It is very important to arrange the artificial teeth correctly in bucco-lingual (labio- lingual) relation in reconstrcting dentition. Although many anatomic landmarks and techniques have been reported over the years, they are based on westerns. So this study was performd to examine the horizontal relations of mandibular teeth in Korean dentulous adults. 200 volunteers(mean age 22.9) who had natural dentition were selected. The impressions were taken with irreversible hydrocolloid impression material and mandibular study models were fabricated using class I dental stone. Then they were measured with 3-dimensional measuring device specially designed for this study. The results were as follows ; It is better to consider the lingual cusps of the lower posterior teeth as a guide than the linguoaxial surfaces of the lower posterior teeth, arranging the lower posterior teeth buccally to the line which starts from the mesial aspect of the lower canine and continue backward to the lingual aspect of the retromolar pad. It is better to arrange the fossae of the lower posterior teeth buccally to the line which starts from the cusp tip of the lower canine and continue backward to the top of the retromolar pad. The positions of the lower posterior teeth in the denture-bearing area ; considering the fossa as a guide, the 2nd premolar was positioned in center. considering the buccal cusp as a guide, the 1st molar and the 2nd molar were positioned in center. the distance ratio(d/a) was incresed constantly from the lower canine to the 2nd molar d ; the distance between the buccal vestibule(the lowest point) and the buccal cusp tips of the lower posterior teeth. a ; the distance between the buccal vestibule(the lowest point) and the lingual vestibule(the lowest point). The lower canine was positioned lingually($0.11{\pm}0.13$) than the labial vestibule, and the central incisor and the lateral incisor were positioned almost in the imaginary perpendicular plane of the labial vestibule(the lowest point).

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2020

Background: Anatomic changes in the acromion have been considered a main cause of shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). To evaluate the relationship between SIS and the acromion process, we devised a new morphological parameter called the acromion process cross-sectional area (APA). We hypothesized that the APA could be an important morphologic diagnostic parameter in SIS. Methods: We collected APA data from 95 patients with SIS and 126 control subjects who underwent shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Then we measured the maximal cross-sectional area of the bone margin of the acromion process on MRI scans. Results: The mean of APAs were 136.50 ± 21.75 ㎟ in the male control group and 202.91 ± 31.78 ㎟ in the male SIS group; SIS patients had significantly greater APAs (P < 0.001). The average of APAs were 105.38 ± 19.07 ㎟ in the female control group and 147.62 ± 22.90 ㎟ in the female SIS group, and the SIS patients had significantly greater APAs (P < 0.001). The optimal APA cut-off in the male group was 165.14 ㎟ with 90.2% sensitivity, 91.4% specificity, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.968. In the female group, the optimal cut-off was 122.50 ㎟ with 85.2% sensitivity, 84.9% specificity, and an AUC of 0.928. Conclusions: The newly devised APA is a sensitive parameter for assessing SIS; greater APA is associated with a higher possibility of SIS. We think that this result will be helpful for the diagnosis of SIS.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.506-509
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• 2011

본 실험은 임상적으로 건강한 시츄 견 36 두, 비글 견 16 두에서 컴퓨터단층촬영을 이용하여 비중격의 해부학적 차이와 편위 정도를 평가하고자 실시되었다. 비중격의 편위 정도는 비중격 편위의 각도 및 거리 측정에 의해 평가되었다. 비중격 편위의 각도 및 거리는 비글 견보다 시쮸 견에서 유의적으로 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 시츄, 비글견 두 품종에서 체중 및 나이는 비중격 편위의 각도 및 거리와 모두 유의적인 관계는 관찰되지 않았다. 이 결과에 기초하여 비중격의 편위는 임상적으로 건강한 개에서도 관찰 가능하며, 특히 시츄 견에서 쉽게 관찰되는 것으로 생각된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.330-335
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• 2019

Background The use of anatomic implants has improved the aesthetic results of breast surgery; however, implant malrotation is an uncommon, but serious complication of these procedures. Nevertheless, little research has explored implant adhesion. In this study, we investigated adhesion between the expander and the capsule. Methods Seventy-nine cases of immediate breast reconstruction via two-stage implant-based reconstruction performed between September 2016 and November 2017 were evaluated. Mentor CPX4 expanders were used in 14 breasts, and Natrelle expanders in 65. We analyzed areas of adhesion on the surfaces of the tissue expanders when they were exchanged with permanent implants. We investigated whether adhesions occurred on the cephalic, caudal, anterior, and/or posterior surfaces of the expanders. Results Total adhesion occurred in 18 cases, non-adhesion in 15 cases, and partial adhesion in 46 cases. Of the non-adhesion cases, 80% (n=12) were with Mentor CPX4 expanders, while 94.4% (n=17) of the total adhesion cases were with Natrelle expanders. Of the partial adhesion cases, 90.7% involved the anterior-cephalic surface. The type of tissue expander showed a statistically significant relationship with the number of attachments in both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses (P<0.001) and with total drainage only in the univariate analysis (P=0.015). Conclusions We sought to identify the location(s) of adhesion after tissue expander insertion. The texture of the implant was a significant predictor of the success of adhesion, and partial adhesion was common. The anterior-cephalic surface showed the highest adhesion rate. Nevertheless, partial adhesion suffices to prevent unwanted rotation of the expander.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2023

Purpose: Ectopic eruption can be defined as the emergence of a tooth in an abnormal location, where the tooth does not follow its typical eruption pathway. While ectopic eruption within the dentate region is well-documented in the literature, ectopic eruption in non-dentate regions is relatively rare. This study aimed to report 6 cases of ectopic teeth and present a systematic review of the English-language literature on ectopic teeth, emphasizing demographic characteristics, radiographic features, potential complications, and treatment options. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. The demographic data and radiographic findings of patients presenting with ectopic teeth were recorded. Results: The literature review yielded 61 cases of ectopic teeth, with patients ranging in age from 3 to 74 years. The findings from these previously reported cases demonstrated that the most common location for ectopic teeth was the maxillary sinus, which is consistent with this case series. The Pearson chi-square test was performed to evaluate the correlation between age and location of ectopic teeth, and the results were found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant relationship was observed between sex and the location of ectopic teeth. Conclusion: The distinct features of these cases warrant reporting. This study presents the first case of supernumerary teeth in the condyle without any associated pathosis. Another notable characteristic is the pre-eruptive resorption of 2 inverted supernumerary teeth ectopically located in the palate, which predisposes to sinus opacification.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.90-101
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• 2003

Gait analysis can provide a better understanding of how the alignment of the lower limb and foot can contribute to force observed at the knee. Anatomic and mechanical factors that affect loading in the knee pint can contribute to pathologic change seen at the knee in degenerative pint disease and should be considered in treatment plan. The purpose of this study is to present the gait analysis data and to determine whether there is any relationships between alignment of the lower limb, foot progression angle and knee pint moments in elderly healthy women with 3-dimensional motion analyzer. The results were as follows; 1. Cadence showed 114.8 steps/min, gait speed showed 1.05 m/s, time per a stride showed 1.06 sec, time per a step showed 0.53 sec, single-supporting phase was 0.41 sec, double-supporting phase was 0.24 sec, stride length was 1.04 m, Step length was 0.56 m. 2. According to the parameters of kinematics, the maximal knee flexion angle through swing phase showed left $46.82^{\circ}$, right $40.19^{\circ}$ and the maximal knee extension angle showed left $-1.32^{\circ}$, right $2.01^{\circ}$. knee varus showed left $26.90^{\circ}$, right $30.93^{\circ}$. 3. Moment, one of kinetic parameters of knee pint the maximal flexion moment showed left 0.363. Nm/kg, right 0.464 Nm/kg and maximal extension moment showed left 0.389 Nm/kg, right 0.463 Nm/kg. The maximal. adduction moment showed left 0.332 Nm/kg, right 0.379 Nm/kg and the maximal internal rotatory moment showed left 0.13 Nm/kg, right 0.140 Nm/kg. 4. On sagittal plane, the maximal power of knee joint showed left 0.571 J/kg, right 0.629 J/kg. On coronal plane, the maximal power of knee joint showed left 0.11 J/kg, right 0.12 J/kg. On transverse plane, the maximal power of knee joint showed left 0.058 J/kg, right 0.072 J/kg. 5. The subject who had varus alignment of the lower extremity had statistically higher in knee adduction moment in mid stance phase. 6. The subject who had large foot progression angle had statistically lower in knee adduction moment in late stance phase. A relationship was observed between the alignment of the lower extremity and the adduction moment of the knee joint during stance phase. Hence, we need some research to figure, out the change of adduction moment according to the sort of knee joint osteoarthritis and the normal geriatrics as well. And we also require more effective, specific therapeutic program by making use of those background of researches.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2013

이 연구의 목적은 측두하악관절장애와 외측 익돌근의 수평적 형태 간의 연관성을 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 10대에서 50대까지 연령군별로 각 남녀 15명씩 임의로 선정한 총 150명의 측두하악관절장애 환자에서 자기공명영상의 수평면 및 시상면상에서 나타난 외측 익돌근 및 측두하악관절의 형태적 특성을 조사하였다. 조사한 해부학적 특성은 외측 익돌근의 최대폭경, 수평 부착각도, 관절원판의 위치, 과두의 변형여부, 관절 삼출액 여부 등이며, 또한 전이부의 통증여부, 과두 주변의 압통 유무와 같은 임상적 소견이 포함되었다. 이들 해부학적 특성 및 임상적 소견의 상호 간 관련성을 분석한 결과, 비정복성 관절원판 변위를 가진 경우 외측 익돌근의 부착각도가 유의하게 높았으며 전이부에 통증이 있는 경우에는 최대 폭경이 유의하게 큰 것으로 나타났다. 뿐만 아니라 연령이 낮을수록 부착각도가 유의하게 높았으며 남성에서 최대 폭경이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 위의 결과를 통해 외측 익돌근 수평 부착각도가 관절원판 변위와 유의한 관련성이 있으며 전이부의 통증이 최대 폭경을 증가시키는 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로 외측 익돌근의 높은 수평 부착각도가 관절원판 변위 발생의 중요한 해부학적 기여요인이 될 수 있으며, 측두하악관절의 통증은 외측 익돌근의 활성에 영향을 줄 수 있을 것으로 추정된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.630-640
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• 2012

Recently, the range of meridian muscle has expanded to muscular membranes, tendons and sinews as well as muscles, comprehending the modern manual therapy and its theories. So, in this study, the movement of body is explained through the assignment of meridian muscles into 3 Yins and 3 Yangs, and the modern manual therapy is understood with body's movement principles rather than with simple muscular movements. For this, the ground that the meridian muscles can expand to muscular membranes, tendons and sinews is researched in newest papers and studies rather than in the conventional studies that have analyzed the meridian muscles just in anatomic viewpoints. And, to find out how it can be applied to the actual clinic, its relationship with modern manual therapies such as Positional Release Therapy and Muscle Energy Techniques which are in the spotlight lately is also researched, getting the following results: Modern manual therapy is to keep the mutual balance of Yin-Yang meridian muscles after all and secure the stability of body to relieve the pains due to the stagnation of energy and blood. In the main body, they can be allotted into the opening of Great Yang/Great Yin, the closing of Bright Yang(陽明)/Small Yin, and the pivoting of Small Yang/Growing Yin (厥陰). The bending and stretching of meridian muscles as well as the movement of body can be explained according to the principle of opening, closing and pivoting. When the body is divided into 3 Yins and 3 Yangs, the viewpoint of Yin-Yang-Inside-Outside can be applied to the protagonist and antagonist muscles, giving a theoretic basis to the modern manual therapy. In the process to understand Positional Release Therapy and Muscle Energy Techniques in the viewpoint of Meridian Muscle, it turned out that the meridian muscle theory of Oriental Medicine which used to be known only in documents can well explain the movement mechanism of human body. The stress reaction through the reciprocal inhibition in Positional Release Therapy and Muscle Energy Techniques can also be understood with Yin-Yang-Inside-Outside.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2021

핵의학 영상 검사 중에서 ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan은 비침습적이면서도 신장의 기능과 형태를 동시에 평가할 수 있으며 좌우 양측 신장에 섭취를 분석함으로써 신기능을 정량적이면서 정확하게 분석할 수 있다. 신장의 크기 및 길이 평가도 신장 이상의 주요 평가 항목이며, ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan을 이용한 신장 길이의 측정은 호흡에 의한 흔들림이나 해상력의 한계로 인해서 CT 보다 신장의 길이가 과대 또는 과소평가 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 해부학적인 평가가 우수한 CT 검사와 기능적인 평가가 우수한 ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan에서 측정한 신장 길이의 차이 및 상관관계를 분석하고, ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan에서 측정한 신장 길이의 정확성을 예측하는데 그 목적이 있었다. 신장 CT 검사와 ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan을 검사한 200명의 환자 자료를 대상으로 연구 분석하였고, 통계 분석을 위해 SPSS Ver. 17.0 프로그램을 사용하였다. 호흡에 의한 영향과 해상력의 차이에 의해서 CT 검사 보다 ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan에서 측정한 신장의 길이가 더 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 감마카메라와 연령에 따른 신장 길의 차이는 없었으나 신장 길이를 분석한 방사선사 별로는 차이가 있었다. 따라서 신장 길이 측정에서 방법의 표준화를 통한 정량 분석 결과의 일반화는 매우 중요할 것이며, 이는 ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan에서 츠정한 신장 길이의 정확성을 향상할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 CT 영상과 ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan에서 측정한 신장길이는 좌우측 신장 모두 매우 강한 양(+)의 상관관계가 있었다. 다수의 신장 질환에서 신기능 변화뿐만 아니라 길이나 크기가 변화하는 경우가 많으며 신장 길이를 정확하게 측정하는 방법과 표준화는 임상적인 진단에 매우 중요할 것으로 판단된다. 특히 소아의 경우에서는 다량의 방사선 피폭이 있는 CT 검사보다 ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan을 이용하여 형태학적인 평가와 기능적인 평가를 모두 시행하는 경우 많으므로 ^99mTc-DMSA Renal scan에서 신장에 대한 기능적인 정보뿐만 아니라 크기나 길이, 위치 등과 같은 해부학적 정보를 정확하게 제공하는 것은 더욱 중요할 것으로 판단된다.