• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.223-228
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• 2009

By the typhoon "MAEMI" in 2003, a lot of marine accidents such as stranding, collision etc. occurred to the vessels at anchor in "JINHAE MAN" which was considered one of the most safe sheltering anchorage in Korea. These accidents resulted from the dragging of anchor by the strong winds. It needs to compare the external forces with the holding powers of anchors to estimate if the anchor will be dragged or not. However, the calculation of the force by the wind on the ship, in particular, on the wind pressure area which changes by the swinging of her bow is not yet set on a thesis. Therefore, this paper verified that how many times the front wind pressure area should be applied to calculate the force by the wind on the ship at anchor by comparing and analyzing the numerical calculation with, the actual ship's data which was really dragged by the strong wind.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.124-132
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• 2018

Objectives: All enterprises intending to install and operate hazardous chemical handling facilities should prepare an off-site risk assessment (ORA) report that evaluates the impact of potential chemical accidents on the surrounding environment and population. This study was conducted to introduce the process of development and the functioning of the Korea Off-site Risk Assessment support tool (KORA) developed by the National Institute of Chemical Safety and to suggest manners to increase its utilization. Additionally, this article provided an overview of KORA. Methods: In order to identify problems with and refinements for KORA, the required items for each phase of KORA were derived by analyzing the Chemical Control Act and related administrative regulations. Results: The functions of KORA made receptor-considered assessment of chemical accidents possible, but several limitations were found in particular phases, such as the analysis of impact range, consideration of sensitive receptors, and assessment of environmental receptors. Conclusion: In this study, we suggested manners to increase the utilization of KORA. It is anticipated that the further research suggested in the study could contribute to the stabilization of the KORA system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.125-130
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• 2017

The government operates autonomous safety management activities in the regulated safety management in order to prevent industrial accidents. On the other side, companies are promoting safety management in the workplace, such as improving the safety level of the safety system, but the major reason for the accidents is safety ignorance in the event of big accidents. This study aims to improve the safety culture level by analyzing the difference in safety culture among six workplace sites in the manufacture of food products and drawing the improvement point. The main result is as follows. In order to enhance the safety level of the safety system, it is necessary to minimize the number of systems to be implemented, and to strengthen the small safety management activities that workers participate directly in the workforce, and the incentive policy for the promotion of the safety management activities should be coordinated by each group. Due to the high proportion of female workers, the proportion of female workers should be encouraged to actively participate in the safety of women, thereby improving safety culture levels and improving safety awareness through customized safety education. By learning work procedures through theory and practice, the level of safety culture should be increased. Employees voluntary safety participation activities should increase the level of mutual safety culture. Depending on spontaneous safety participation activities, one should promote safety culture enhancement activities by enhancing the safety level of the safety culture and enhance safety culture through safety awareness, and promote safety culture and procedures for improving safety culture.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.83-92
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• 2016

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to develop safety performance functions (SPFs) that use zero-inflated negative binomial regression models for urban intersections in central business districts (CBDs), and to compare the statistical significance of developed models against that of regular negative binomial regression models. METHODS : To develop and analyze the SPFs of intersections in CBDs, data acquisition was conducted for dependent and independent variables in areas of study. We analyzed the SPFs using zero-inflated negative binomial regression model as well as regular negative binomial regression model. We then compared the results by analyzing the statistical significance of the models. RESULTS : SPFs were estimated for all accidents and injury accidents at intersections in CBDs in terms of variables such as AADT, Number of Lanes at Major Roads, Median Barriers, Right Turn with an Exclusive Turn Lane, Turning Guideline, and Front Signal. We also estimated the log-likelihood at convergence and the likelihood ratio of SPFs for comparing the zero-inflated model with the regular model. In he SPFs, estimated log-likelihood at convergence and the likelihood ratio of the zero-inflated model were at -836.736, 0.193 and -836.415, 0.195. Also estimated the log-likelihood at convergence and likelihood ratio of the regular model were at -843.547, 0.187 and -842.631, 0.189, respectively. These figures demonstrate that zero-inflated negative binomial regression models can better explain traffic accidents at intersections in CBDs. CONCLUSIONS : SPFs that use a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model demonstrate better statistical significance compared with those that use a regular negative binomial regression model.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.441-449
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• 2018

This study is to organize the manual for the safety accidents in campsite. For this, analyzing the types of safety accidents and reviewing the regulations of campsite. Through theoretical considerations, the problem was diagnosed and the elements of improvement were presented. Eventually, part of the Responsive and Preventative Behavior manuals were developed to organize 'Preparation Behavior Manual'. Especially, examples of safety accident prevention behavior manual were divided into: 1st, suffocation, 2nd, traffic accident, 3rd, fire, 4th, and electrical accident. "S.A.F.E.", An example, was created with the accident specific initials that were more frequently caused. Furthermore, it was emphasized that it is necessary to process of understood by the user. Subsequent studies recommended the study of cases, improvement of safety management indicators, and the specialization of campground manager and safety guard.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.22 no.3 s.74
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• pp.27-39
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• 2004

The previous studies on analyzing the effects of traffic safety policies are very limited. Implementing traffic safety policies in view of their own urban traffic characteristics would be fairly desirable to handle properly the traffic safety problems. The relationships between traffic accidents and traffic safety policies have been researched by classifying the eighty one cities in Korea into four groups in terms of the size of the city population. Statistical analysis have been conducted for traffic accidents data and traffic safety policies, respectively. In order to mearsure the effectiveness of the traffic policies in the real world, regression models have been developed by handling the accident data and policy data. As a result of analysing the data, the traffic policies have showed different effects according to the size of the cities. While budget investment policies had provided enormous influences to reduce traffic accidents in the big cities more than a half million polulation, traffic enforcement and traffic education have been so efficient to control traffic accident problems in the smaller cities less than a half million poluation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.122-131
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• 2015

Recently, starting with the deep underground road construction plan in Seobu Expressway, Korea, there area many studies on deep underground roads to be newly built. However, there is an extreme lack of safety standards, which does not consider traffic conditions and road driving characteristics. Therefore, this study reviewed safety elements to reflect in the deep underground road planning by analyzing driving stability of longitudinal tunnels with road environments, which resemble deep underground roads. For comprehensive analysis, the characteristics and causes of the accidents that have occurred in seven longitudinal tunnels with a length of 2km or over in Gangwon area, were collected. Specifically, geometric structures and facilities of each tunnel were investigated. Also, the present state of facility installation and the changes in driving speed of vehicles passing through each tunnel were observed to analyze the causes for the traffic accidents in each tunnel and accident reduction alternatives. It was revealed that the most frequent accidents in the tunnels resulted from the changes of traffic flow due to the abrupt speed reduction of forward vehicles, or the failure in speed control of following vehicles during the traffic congestion situation. Moreover, installing facilities such as plane and longitudinal curves, median strips and marginal strips seem to induce consistent driving speed. These results mean that for accident prevention, speed management must be preceded and there is a need to develop and introduce safety facilities actively to control the driving flow of forward and following vehicles.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.19-32
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• 2011

There are many investment budget drafts in the filed of a road traffic safety. The traffic safety budget is spitted into following three major areas: 1) traffic safety facility (Engineering), 2) traffic enforcement (Enforcement), and 3) traffic safety education & public relation (Education). The three area are known as so-called 3E policy. This study investigates the effect of the investment in the 3E policy on the reduction of traffic accidents analyzing the data annually collected from the 15 local governments during 1992 to 2007. The analysis employing the traffic accidents as the dependent variable reveals that the effect of the investment is higher if same amount of investment is made on areas of the traffic safety education and public relation than the area of facility improvement. The similar conclusions are resulted from the separate investigation of traffic accidents data by 6 different types. All the results consistently indicate that the current traffic safety investment being primarily made on traffic safety facility needs to shift to the areas of traffic safety education and public relation budget.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.5-29
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• 2015

The importance of the concept of safety culture has increased in the security of high-risk facility after Chernobyl accident in 1986. This paper elaborated the concept of safety culture and its main factors by Causal Loop Diagram. Due to the decline of safety culture, the occurrence of incidents and accidents require more and more corrective actions to the members of high-risk facilities and thereby increasing their workloads. Employees who must complete the task within the given time have to have time pressures and don't comply with the rules and procedures. Also, a schedule pressure is a big stress for employees, causing mistakes in precision work. In order to improve these problems, CLD of the safety culture in this paper suggests hiring more workers, re-allocation of given workloads and strengthen the learning, communication capabilities and safety leadership. In addition, the two real accident cases were analyzed to test the feasibility of the System Dynamic simulation model through the process of structuring the fault trees on the stationary black out accident in Kori unit 1 in South Korea and Kleen Energy power station explosion in US. The simulation results show that the various safety factors cause the serious accident combined with mechanical failure and safety culture will reduce the possibility of the accidents in these high-risk organizations. This simulation model can contribute to analyzing the impact of the organizational and human factors of safety culture and can provide the alternatives in high-risk facilities.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.28-38
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• 2019

In the world, traffic accidents and environmental pollution caused by the increase of vehicles are becoming a serious social problem. According to the 2016 data published by the Korea Highway Traffic Authority, Korea owns 49.9 vehicles per 100 people. This is the 28th largest number among the 35 OECD member countries. In addition, the number of deaths from traffic accidents in Korea totaled 4,292, of which 1,714 were caused by traffic accidents involving vehicles and pedestrians. To reduce these human casualties, the automotive industry is constantly working on the development and commercialization of Adaptive Driver Assist System (ADAS). ADAS is the system providing convenience and safeness for drivers. In general, ADAS consists of Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB), Highway Driving Assist (HDA), Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS). Among them, the AEB detects the possibility of collision by the vehicle itself and plays a role of avoiding the collision or reducing the damage through active braking. For such AEB, Euro NCAP has been developing test-evaluation methods for the vulnerable since 2017. Therefore, In this paper analyzes the scenario of Euro NCAP VRU Test Protocol v3.0.1, which will be established in 2020, and proposes test conditions according to the Korean road traffic law. In addition, the reliability of the proposed scenario and test conditions was verified by comparing and analyzing the proposed theoretical evaluation formulas and actual test results.