• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.193-201
• /
• 2021

The welding has a high proportion of the production and drying of ships or offshore plants. Non-destructive testing is carried out to verify the quality of welds in Korea, radiography test (RT) is mainly used. Currently, most shipyards adopt analog-type techniques to print the films through the shoot of welding parts. Therefore, the time required from radiography test to pass or fail judgment is long and complex, and is being manually carried out by qualified inspectors. To improve this problem, this paper covers a platform for scanning and digitalizing RT films occurring in shipyards with high resolution, accumulating them in management servers, and applying artificial intelligence (AI) technology to detect welding defects. To do this, we describe the process of designing and developing RT film scanning equipment, welding inspection information integrated management platform, fault reading algorithms, visualization software, and testing and verification of each developed element in conjunction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.233-243
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise using the PNF techniques on the lumbar deep muscles thickness and functional activity in chronic low back pain patient. Group I(n=10): general physical therapy group; Group II(n=10): general lumbar stabilization exercise group; Group III(n=10): lumbar stabilization exercise using PNF techniques(stabilizing reversal, rhythmic stabilization, combination of isotonic) group. Change of pain was measured with visual analog scale(VAS). To observe muscle thickness changes, we measured transverse abdominis(TrA), external oblique(EO), multifidus with real time ultrasound scanning. The functional activity were measured with Oswestry Disability Questionnaire(ODQ) and Roland & Morris Disability Questionnaire(RMDQ). In VAS test, group III had more significantly decreased than before exercise. In muscle thickness test, group III had more significantly increased than before exercise in right/left TrA, EO, multifidus. In ODQ & RMDQ test, group III had more significantly decreased than before exercise. This study show that the PNF techniques is effective in improving the lumbar stability and functional activity in chronic low back pain patients.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.6427-6433
• /
• 2013

For trains to run safely and quickly, the train should always follow the preceding train at a proper spacing. For this purpose, a certain distance between the stations is set for each block section. For the safe operation of trains in one block section, only one train service for an automatic block system is needed. The existing block system is composed an ABS, which is a linked track circuit and line sideway system through the interlocking system. The interlocking system is being replaced with a domestic electronic interlocking system. On the other hand, the block system still uses the relay format of an analog system, and is independently installed of the line sideway systems. Therefore, the existing block system has many problems in terms of construction and maintenance. In addition, the existing domestic line is used for ABS and LEU , which is installed separately, despite the train being controlled by the information of the same signal at the same location. This is not efficient in terms of each product price and the maintenance costs. This paper introduces an integrated electronic block system and the field test results. The field test was carried out through a periodic inspection performed eight times from January to late August.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.189-195
• /
• 2016

Objectives : The aim of this study was to compare improvement according to the hospitalization period of patients with neck pain as a result of traffic accidents. Methods : Patients of 59 cases with neck pain induced by traffic accidents were investigated. Based on their hospitalization period, 59 subjects were divided into two groups: A group with a shorter hospitalization period and B group with a longer hospitalization period. Each group was treated by the same therapies including acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine. To compare the treatment effects of the two groups, the Visual Analog Scale(VAS) was used. Statistical analysis between two groups was assessed using the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U Test and paired t-test through the SPSS 12.0 Windows program. Results : After admission treatment, both A and B group showed a significant decrease in their VAS scores. In addition, B group, of which the hospitalization period was longer than A group, showed a significant improvement in comparison to A group in its VAS score. Conclusion : This study suggests that pain control is more effectively achieved in patients that received more than 8 days of admission treatment compared to those who received less than 7 days of admission treatment.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.177-193
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to test whether Yoga exercise, one of muscle relaxation, helps to relieve chronic low back paln. Sample were selected from nurses who were worked at K medical center in the period from March 18 to April 23, 1996. The sample size was fifteen. The research design was one-group pretest-posttest design. To test the major research question, this study had the following procedure. The pretest included measuring individuals' degree of pain and discomfort depending on the scope and types of an range of motion, and their pain by their activity of daily living(ADL). The treatment was conducted twice every other week. The reason why this study had twice observations was to control history effect and maturation which treat internal validity in the research design of this study. In this research design, a treatment was to expose Yoga exercise to samples. The exercise was taken in 30 minutes per day for four days in a week (Two consecutive days and twice every other day). The posttest included re-measuring the individuals' the degree of pain and discomfort, and their pain by their ADL. Several hypotheses concerning effect of Yoga exercise was analyzed by the paired t-test, comparing the difference scores between pre and post tests. The results of this study was as follows. The first hypothesis that the post-treatment group taking the Yoga exercise had the pain score lower than the pre-treatment group was supported(t=3.31, p=.005). The second hypothesis that the discomfort score of the post-treatment group had lower than does that of the pre-treatment group was supported(t=2.75, p=.016). The third hypothesis that the post-treatment group had the pain score by ADL lower than does the pre-treatment group was supported(t=5.52, p=.000). In summary, this study examined the effect of a yoga exercise, one of muscle relaxation, on those who were suffered from chronic low back pain. The effect measured by the degree of pain and discomfort with a visual analog scale was statistically significant. The degree of pain according to postures in ADL also showed statistical significance. These findings showed that a yoga exercise was effective to alleviation of chronic low back pain. A pretest-posttest control group design, however, needs to get more accurate results since the design satisfies Internal validity. Consequently, yoga as an exercise cure improves an interaction between muscles and articulations, and performance of ADL for those suffered from chronic low back pain. Furthermore, this positive impact may be an effective method as nursing intervention for their physical, mental, emotional, social, and psychological recovery.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we evaluate the basic test results of the 32 Gbps observational equipment introduced as the back-end system for the wideband VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) observation of KVN (Korean VLBI Network). Radio astronomers want to make a large radio telescope that has excellent performance in order to observe the superfine structure of a celestial body, but a lot of money is needed. Therefore, in order to increase the sensitivity, the performance improvement of the receiving system and the method of observing the wide frequency bandwidth are introduced. To do this, we adopted a wideband sampling method for converting analog signals to digital with ultra-fast speeds and a wideband sampler for performing digital filtering in order to observe a wide observational frequency bandwidth. The wideband sampler (OCTAD-K) supports up to 16 Gsps-2bits sampling and supports a variety of observational bandwidth using digital filtering techniques. In particular, it is designed to support KVN's 4-frequency simultaneous observation system and VERA(VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry)'s 2-beam observation system. It can also support polKVN(Korean VLBI Network), KaVA(KVN and VERA Array), 32Gbps Direct Sampler, Digital Filter, Widebandarization observations and supports the standard VDIF(VLBI Data Interchange Format) format of observed data. In this paper, the performance of the system and the problem solving are described in detail after performing the factory inspection and field test before the system is introduced.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.145-153
• /
• 2022

Background: Postoperative analgesia (POA) is an important determinant of successful treatment. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has recently gained attention as a promising adjuvant to local anesthetics (LA). The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of levobupivacaine (LB) as an adjuvant during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in the extraction of lower impacted third molars (LITM). Methods: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind, parallel-arm, and clinical study was performed on 50 systemically healthy participants who required removal of an asymptomatic LITM. Using a 1:1 distribution, the participants were randomized into two groups (n = 25). Group L (control group) received 1.8 mL of 0.5% LB and 0.2 mL normal saline (placebo) and Group D (study group) received a blend of 1.8 mL of 0.5% LB and 0.2 mL (20 ㎍) DEX. The primary outcome variable was the duration of POA and hemodynamic stability, and the secondary variable was the total number of analgesics required postoperatively for up to 72 h. The participants were requested to record the time of rescue analgesic use and the total number of rescue analgesics taken. The area under the curve was plotted for the total number of analgesics administered. The pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale. Data analysis was performed using paired students and unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The latency, profoundness of anesthesia, and duration of POA were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The differences between mean pain scores at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h were found to be significant (each P = 0.0001). Fewer analgesics were required by participants in group D (2.12 ± 0.33) than in L (4.04 ± 0.67), with a significant difference (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: Perineurally administered LA with DEX is a safe, effective, and therapeutic approach for improving latency, providing profound POA, and reducing the need for postoperative analgesia.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.339-348
• /
• 2022

Background: To compare the anesthetic efficacy of supplemental buccal infiltration (BI) (1.7 ml) versus intraligamentary (IL) injection containing 0.4 ml of 4% articaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine after an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) with 1.7 ml 2% lidocaine in the first and second mandibular molars diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis (IP). Methods: One hundred subjects diagnosed with IP of either the mandibular first (n = 50) or second molars (n = 50) and failed profound anesthesia following an IANB were selected. They randomly received either the IL or BI techniques of anesthesia. Pain scores on a 170 mm Heft-Parker visual analog scale were recorded initially, before, and during supplemental injections. Furthermore, pulse rate was measured before and after each supplemental injection. During the access cavity preparation and initial filing, no or mild pain was assumed to indicate anesthetic success. The chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and independent samples t-test were used for the analyses. Results: The overall success rates were 80% in the IL group and 74% in the BI group, with no significant difference (P = 0.63). In the first molars, there was no significant difference between the two techniques (P = 0.088). In the second molars, IL injection resulted in a significantly higher success rate (P = 0.017) than BI. IL injection was statistically more successful (P = 0.034) in the second molars (92%) than in the first molars (68%). However, BI was significantly more successful (P = 0.047) in the first molars (88%) than in the second molars (64%). The mean pulse rate increase was significantly higher in the IL group than in the BI group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Both the IL and BI techniques were advantageous when used as supplemental injections. However, more favorable outcomes were observed when the second molars received IL injection and the first molars received BI.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.243-249
• /
• 2023

This case study showed improvement both in pain and gait disturbance caused by SCH. KM can be a positive treatment for reducing pain or improving gait disturbance caused by SCH, and it can be considered a treatment option for SCH. Future studies with a larger number of cases and longer period of follow-up in SCH with gait disturbance and rigidity are needed.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.5-10
• /
• 2009

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of unilateral decompression and pedicle screw fixation for the unilateral symptomatic foraminal stenosis. Methods: The study group comprises consecutive 16 patients who underwent unilateral decompression and bone cement augmented pedicle screw fixation from May 2003 to January 2006. The patients were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and the scoring system of the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) for low back pain. The result of surgery was also evaluated with McNab's classification. Excellent or good outcome was considered as successful. The patients were followed at postoperative 1 month, 3 month, 6 month, and 1 year with standing AP and lateral films. Results: The average VAS and JOA score of the 16 patients were 7.8(range, 6-9) and 5.8(range, 3 - 10) before surgery and 2.2(range, 0 - 5)and 12.3(range, 9 - 15) at the time of last follow up. Both VAS and JOA score improved significantly after the surgery (p<0.05, t-test). All patients improved after the operation and no revision surgery was required. No metal failure or pseudoarthrosis was observed during the follow-up. The success rate was 87.5%. Conclusion: Our data suggest that unilateral decompression and pedicle screw fixation for the unilateral symptomatic foraminal stenosis is an effect method for obtaining satisfactory clinical outcome. Its possible advantage is shorter operation time and reduced surgical extent. We believe that the reduced stiffness of unilateral fixation was compensated by pedicle screw augmentation and interbody fusion.