• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the biologically treated animal wastewater as a liquid fertilizer in the paddy rice. The treated water has content of the ammonia nitrogen 24mg/I and nitrate 40 mg/I on an average in the first year. A trace of nitrite has been shown. The phosphate content was 92 mg/I on an average. The amount of yielded rice was 365kg/10a for test 1 (no fertilizer), 388dg/10a for test 2(chemical fertilizer), 526kg/10a for test 3 (treated water) respectively. The treated water showed 35% more in production than the chemical fertilizer. The treated water has content of the ammonia nitrogen 40mg/I and nitrate 67mg/I on an average in the second year. A trace of nitrite has been shown. The phosphate content was 57mg/I on an average. The amount of yielded rice was 402kg/10a for test 1, 505kg/10a for test 2, 607kg/10a for test 3 respectively. Yield of unhulled rice was 20% more in the plot of treated water than that of chemical fertilizer.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

Phosphorous remains as one of the most limiting nutrients to plant growth, second only to nitrogen. Research on use of biochar as a soil amendment for available phosphorus in temperate calcareous soils has limited studies compared with to tropical acidic soils. An incubation experiment to assess phosphorous availability in a biochar amended calcareous soil under inorganic (Fused superphosphate, FSP) and organic fertilizer (bone meal, BM) and respectively, at the dose of 40, 80 and $120mg\;P\;kg^{-1}$ was carried out. Soil was incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 70 days. Results show that the rate of increase in available P was proportional to the fertilizer application rate with or without biochar amendment. Biochar did not have a significant effect on soils amended with either fertilizeron the values of available P. However, time had a significant effect (p<0.001) on the amount of available P during the incubation period. Inorganic fertilizer treatments had recorded high amount of available P with time compared to organic fertilizer treatments. Organic fertilizer treatment sample were significantly not different from control and for most of the incubation time biochar acted as a soil conditioner. Further research is required to understand the holistic and long-term effect of biochar.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2020

국가정책사업인 유기질비료 지원사업은 1999년부터 시작되었고, 유기질비료의 과다 시용은 시설재배지의 양분집적을 초래했다. 시설상추 재배시 안정적인수량 확보와 과다 시비로 인한 환경오염을 예방하기 위해 유기복합비료의 적정 추천량 기준을 설정하고자 시험하였다. 유기복합비료의 무기질 질소 기비량의 대체비율은 토양검정 질소 기비량(8.6 kg 10a^-1)을 기준으로 100%에서 작물수량이 높았다. 토양의 질산태질소와 전기전도도도 무기질비료 처리구보다 낮은 함량을 나타냈다. 또한, 기비량 100%를 유기복합비료로 대체한 경우에 질소이용율은 23%로 무기질비료 처리구와 유사하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과로부터 상추의 수량을 증가시키고 토양 중에 투입된 비료성분의 토양 잔류 정도를 최소화하는 관점에서는 유기복합비료를 무기질 질소 기비량의 100%를 대체하는 것이 타당하다고 판단된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.183-199
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• 1976

1. The cultivated land in Korea has originally low fertility resulting in high dependence to fertilizers. 2. The total fertilizer requirement calculated by the Office of Rural Development (ORD) in 1976 was about 1,153 thousand mts, and the total amount of supply planned by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fishery was 1,010 thoushand mts which is close to the amount calculated by ORD. However, there is some gap between the amount of recommended (N, 11.6; $P_2O_5$: $K_2O$, 7.3kg/10a> and supply planned (N, 12.0; $P_2O_5$, 6.3; $K_2O$. 4.8kg/10a) fertilizers for each elements per unit area 3. For 15 years from 1960 to 1975 the fertilizer consumption of nitrogen was roughly increased from 200,000 mts to 500,000 mts; phosphorus, from 50,000 to 250,000 mts; potassium, from 10, 000 to 170,000 mts; accounting 2.5, 5, and 17 times of increase respectively. 4. The total fertilizer consumption for 5 years from 1967 to 1971 was about 100,000 mts and another 5years from 1971 to 1975 was 300,000 mts indicating three times increase. 5. The direct factors influenced to the increase of fertilizer consumption in recent years are 1) the dissemination of high yielding Tongil type rice varieties which are resistant to heavy fertilization 2) high price policy for agricaltural products 3) increased cultivation of vegetables:, fruits, and forages which require high level of fertilizers. The indirect factors are 1) dissemination of new improved agricultural techniques, 2, improvement of cultivated land conditions through irrigation system and land reform, 3) increased supply of silicate fertilizers, and 4) increase of farm income. 6. The percentage of total fertilizer consumption by rice (32%) and barley (25%) is about 57%. The ratio of total fertilizer consumption by vegetables and forages is expected to increase greatly. 7. Based on the increasing tendency of cultivated land and yield per unit area for last 10 years in each crop, total fertilizer consumptions in 1980, 1990, and 2000 year are estimated to 1,290,000, 1,580,000 and 1,870,000 mts respectively.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2023

Nitrogen fertilizer is an essential macronutrient that requires repeated input for crop cultivation. Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers can adversely affect the environment by discharging NH₃, NO, and N₂O into the air and leaching into surrounding water systems through rainfall runoff. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology that reduces the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used without compromising crop yields. Fertilizer deep placement could be a technology employed to increase the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer use. In this study, a deep fertilization device that can be coupled to a tractor and used to inject fertilizer into the soil was developed. The deep fertilization device consisted of a tractor attachment part, fertilizer amount control and supply part, and an underground fertilizer input part. The fertilization depth was designed to be adjustable from the soil surface down to a depth of 40 cm in the soil. This device injected fertilizer at a speed of 2,000 m²/hr to a depth of 25 to 30 cm through an underground fertilizer injection pipe while being attached to and towed by a 62-horsepower agricultural tractor. Furthermore, it had no difficulty in employing various fertilizers currently utilized in agricultural fields, and it operated well. It could also perform fertilization and plowing work, thereby further simplifying agricultural labor. In this study, a newly developed device was used to investigate the effects of deep fertilizer placement (FDP) compared to those with urea surface broadcasting, in terms of rice and soybean grain yields. FDP increased the number of rice grains, resulting in an average improvement of 9% in rice yields across three regions. It also increased the number of soybean pods, resulting in an average increase of 23% in soybean yields across the three regions. The results of this study suggest that the newly developed deep fertilization device can efficiently and rapidly inject fertilizer into the soil at depths of 25 to 30 cm. This fertilizer deep placement strategy will be an effective fertilizer application method used to increase rice and soybean yields, in addition to reducing nitrogen fertilizer use, under conventional rice and soybean cultivation conditions.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.311-328
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• 2017

두둑과 고랑을 재활용한 한국형 무경운 농업에서 유기물 투입과 관수 효과를 구명하고자 무경운 토양에서 시험을 수행하였다. 1. 토양 미생물상 1회 전량관수 조건에서 대두박 투입 처리구의 토양 세균과 곰팡이 수는 대두박 무 투입구에 비하여 많았다. 그리고 유기질비료 투입량이 표준시비량 66%까지 증가되면 세균과 곰팡이 수는 증가되었으나, 그 이상에서는 세균과 곰팡이 수가 감소되는 경향이었다. 곰팡이/세균 비율은 관수 방법과 관계없이 대두박 투입 처리에서 0.6과 1.1로, 무투입 처리의 0.2와 0.5보다 2배 이상 높았다. 1회 전량 관수 조건에서 유기질 비료 시비량이 증가되면 대두박을 투입한 처리는 방선균 수는 감소되는 경향이었으나, 대두박 무투입에서는 증가되었다. 2회 분할 관수는 1회 전량관수에 비하여 대두박 무 투입 조건에서 세균과 곰팡이 수가 증가되었으나, 대두박 투입조건에서는 방선균 수가 증가되었다. 2. 토양 효소 유기질 비료의 시비량이 증가되면 토양 내 Chitinase 활성은 대두박 투입 토양에서 감소되고, 대두박 무 투입에서는 증가되는 경향이었다. 그러나 대두박을 투입에 관계없이 2회 분할 관수는 1회 전량관수에 비하여 Chitinase 활성이 증가되었다. 1회 전량관수 조건에서 대두박 투입 처리구의 ${\beta}$-Glucosidase 활성은 무투입에 비하여 높았으며, 유기질 비료 투입량이 증가되면 표준시비량의 66%까지는 ${\beta}$-Glucosidase 활성이 증가되었으나, 표준시비량에서는 감소되었다. 대두박 무투입 조건에서 2회 분할관수 토양 내 ${\beta}$-Glucosidase 활성은 1회 전량관수에 비하여 현저하게 증가되었다. 1회 전량관수 조건에서 대두박을 투입한 처리의 N-acetyl-${\beta}$-D-glucosaminidase의 활성은 무투입구에 비하여 높았다. 대두박 투입 처리에서 유기질 비료 투입량이 표준시비량의 66%까지 증가되면 N-acetyl-${\beta}$-D-glucosaminidase의 활성은 증가되었으나, 표준시비량에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 대두박 무투입 조건에서 2회 분할관수는 1회 전량관수에 비하여 N-acetyl-${\beta}$-D-glucosaminidase의 활성은 증가되었다. 대두박 무투입 조건에서 유기질 비료 시비량이 표준량의 66% 수준에서는 토양 내 산성인산가수분해효소(Acid phosphatase)의 활성 높았다. 대두박 투입 조건에서는 유기질 비료 시비량이 증가되면 산성인산가수분해효소(Acid phosphatase)의 활성은 증가되는 경향이었다. 3. 토양 AMF 대두박 무투입 조건에서 유기질 비료의 투입량이 표준시비량의 66%까지 증가되면 토양의 내생균근균의(AMF) 포자수는 증가되었으나, 유기질 비료 투입량이 표준시비량에서는 근균의 포자수는 감소되었다. 그러나 대두박 투입에서 근균의 포자수는 유기질 비료 투입량에 따른 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 그리고 내생 근균의 고추 뿌리에 정착률은 대두박 투입량에 따른 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 2회 분할 관수도 같은 경향이었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2017

We conducted this study to determine the recommended application rate of fertilizer for Houttuynia cordata Thunb cultivation. The effects of various application levels of N, $P_2O_5$, and $K_2O$ fertilizers on the growth of this plant were investigated and the associated changes in soil properties were evaluated in the field. Soil pH at harvest time of Houttuynia cordata Thunb did not differ from that before fertilization, whereas EC tended to decrease during cultivation. The soil organic matter (SOM) and available phosphorus increased after treatment, and the amount of applied fertilizer ($P_2O_5$) and available phosphorus were proportional. The nitrogen absorption amount increased in N 100% treatment, but decreased in N 150% treatment. The phosphorus absorption amount rose with the fertilizer treatment concentration until $P_2O_5$ 150% treatment. The amount of absorbed potassium decreased in treatments with $K_2O$ 150% and $K_2O$ 200%. The plant length was the longest in N 100%, $P_2O_5$ 150%, and $K_2O$ 200%. The stem diameter was estimated to be 3.46 - 3.67 mm in N 100 - 200% treatment, 3.55 - 3.67 mm in $P_2O_5$ 100 - 150%, and 3.79 mm in $K_2O$ 200%. The number of tillers did not differ amongst fertilization treatments. The fresh weight was summed to be 3.67 ton/10 a in N 100% treatment, 3.79 Mg/10 a in $P_2O_5$ 150%, and 3.83 Mg/10 a in $K_2O$ 150%. Thus, the relationship between the fertilizer amount and yields of the plant showed that the most economical quantity of fertilizers should be 10.2 N kg/10 a, 5.5 $P_2O_5$ kg/10 a, and 8.2 $K_2O$ kg/10 a for Houttuynia Cordata Thunb.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2002

현재 채소류에 대한 질소시비량 추천식은 육지부토양에서 시험한결과를 이용하여 설정된 것으로 이를 화산회토양에서도 활용하는 문제가 있어 이를 검토하기위하여 제주도 토양을 중심으로 1999년에는 pot와 2000년에는 포장에서 몇개의 질소시비량수준을 두고 배추를 재배한 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Pot와 포장시험에서 배추의 질소 최고시비량은 $294{\sim}331kg\;ha^{-1}$이었고 토양의 유기물함량과 최고시비량과의 관계를 이용하여 화산회토양에 알맞는 새로 질소시 비량 추천식을 설정하였다. 2. 배추의 질소시비량시험을 통한 화산회토의 실제 질소시비적량은 기존의 추천식을 이용한 시비량과는 큰차이를 보였고 개선된 질소시비 추천식으로부터 산출된 질소 시비량과는 근소한 차이를 보였다. 3. 수화기 T-N 함량 및 질소흡수량은 질소시비량이 증가할수록 많았으나 질소이용 율은 질소시비량이 증가할수록 낮아지는 경향이었다. 4. 화산회토양에서 재배하는 양배추 대한 토양유기물함량에 따른 질소 시비량은 배추대비 질소흡수량을 흡수량비교 계수로 하고 이를 이용하여 양배추의 새로운 질소시비 추천식을 도출하였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.671-676
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• 2015

Control of surface runoff from upland soil is essential to reduce nonpoint source pollution. The use of non-woven fabric as a soil cover can be helpful to control surface runoff. The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the furrow cover effects of black non-woven fabric on the nutrient discharge from upland soil used for red pepper cultivation. The experimental plots consisted of chemical fertilizer (CF), cow manure compost (CMC), and pig manure compost (PMC) treatment. Each nutrient material treatment plot has control (no furrow cover (NFC)) and black non-woven fabric cover treatment, respectively. The amount of nutrient application was chemical fertilizer of $190-112-149(N-P_2O_5-K_2O)kgha^{-1}$, cow manure compost of $29.5tonha^{-1}$, and pig manure compost of $7.9tonha^{-1}$ as recommended amount after soil test for red pepper cultivation. Compared to control (NFC), furrow cover treatment with black non-woven fabric reduced the amount of T-N discharge by 50% at CF treatment, 36.9% at CMC treatment, and 44.8% at PMC treatment. Furrow cover treatment with black non-woven fabric reduced the amount of T-P discharge by 37.1% at CF treatment, 49.9% at CMC treatment, and 63.4% at PMC treatment compared to control (NFC). The production of red pepper did not show significant difference. There was no weed occurring in furrow cover treatment plots with black non-woven fabric. Results from this study showed that the furrow cover with black non-woven fabric could play a significant role in reduce nutrient discharge from upland soil used for red pepper cultivation.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.893-896
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• 2006

This study examined plant adhesion characteristics of the porous concrete that used specially treated granular fertilizer for field application, which was used for the restoration of the marine ecosystem. The results of the experiment showed that nutrient eruption amount, the destruction and dissolution ratio tended to decrease when the coating thickness was increased. The void ratio and compressive strength tended to decrease when the specially treated granular fertilizer mixing ratio was increased. According to these results, the appropriate thickness of coating for cement coated granular fertilizer was 1.0mm. The adhesion ability of marine plant to porous concrete was superior when the cement coated granular fertilizer was mixed. Therefore, the appropriate cement coated granular fertilizer mixing ratio of 20% with a coating thickness of 1.0mm is thought to be a factor when considering the strength of the porous concrete for marine ecosystem restoration and the adhesion characteristics of marine plant.