• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.87-95
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• 2000

Despite the perceived significance of cross-cultural studies in environmental education, only few of this kind have been conducted in Korea because of several barriers such as additional communicative, fanancial and administrative efforts. This cross-cultural study was conducted to examine if there were any significant differences in environmental awareness and attitude toward current environmental issues. The results revealed that the American subjects appeared to be more concerned with environmental issues, have higher willingness to act, and have more internalized Locus of Control than the Korean subjects. Similar observations have been reported by Horsley's(1984) study that compared environmental attitudes among students from 10 different countries. This study, however, suggested possibility of alternative interpretations of the results from the perspective of social- and cultural pscyhology.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.113-125
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• 2011

This study was conducted to compare the body image perception, weight control experiences and the eating disorders according to where they were born, and the length of residence in USA among Korean-American college students. Three hundred college students participated in the study: 144 males and 156 females, 122 America-born (AB) and 171 Korea-born (KB) who live in New York City and New Jersey. Subjects responded to a self-administered questionnaire. The results showed that the ratio of overweight (23.2%) and obesity (26.8%) of males was higher than females'(16.1% and 6.3%, respectively). There were no significant differences according to born-place or the length of residence in USA of KB. People who had tried to control their weight were 58%. The ratio of weight control experiences of females (72.4%) was higher than males' (42.4%) as well as people who were normal or underweight than who were overweight or obesity. There were no significant differences according to born-place or the length of the residence in the USA of KB. In body image perception, the subjects who were normal and underweight overestimated their body figure, and the subjects who were overweight and obese underestimated their body figure. The desired and ideal figure of female students was significantly thinner than the current figure and also that of male students. There were no significant differences according to born-place or the length of the residence in USA of KB. The ratio of eating disorder was 8.7%, and females had higher percentage than males. And shorter they lived in USA, the percentage of eating disorder was higher.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.125-142
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• 2010

The main purpose of this study was to examine whether different cultures affect attachment style by comparing Korean and American adolescents, with a focus on parent attachment and peer attachment. Data were collected from middle and high school students(291 Korean adolescents, 158 American adolescents), and the participants were asked to report on the revised version of the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment(IPPA-R). The analysis showed significant differences on both parent and peer attachment between Korean and American adolescents: Korean adolescents had more negative relationships with their parents compared to American adolescents. In contrast, Korean adolescents had more positive relations(high trust and communication score, low alienation score) with their friends than American adolescents. More results on the relationships between attachment style and socio-environmental variables were presented, and each of these results could be interpreted by cultural difference. Based on these results, parent-child programs and peer programs that can enrich the relationships that a child has with his or her parents and friends were introduced for researchers, educators, teachers, and counselors. The implications and recommendations for future research were also presented.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.123-137
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• 1986

The present study was designed to answer the following questions : The first overall question had to do with the relationship between sex-role identity and self-esteem-more specifically, is androgyny or masculinity more importamt in explaining the variation in self-esteem? The second overall question had to do with the degree to which the relationship between sex-role identity and self-esteem is a universal or a culturally specific phenomeon-more specifically, is the relationship between sex-role identity and self-esteem the same in Korean and American cultures? The Bem Sex Role Inventory and the Coopersmith Self Esteem Inventory were administered to 208 American college students and 207 Korean college students, respectively, in introductory sociology classes. The BSRI and SEI are standardized for American subjects and written in English. Prior to administering these instruments to Korean subjects, they were translated ito the Korean Language. In order to fully explore the data, qualitative as well as quantitative measurement of the BSRI were used, and both factorial and regression analyses were performed in this study. The most important cross-cultural differences found in the present study are directly related to the two research questions. In the U.S. sample, masculine attributes were found to be more important in explaining self-esteem. On the other hand, androgynous attributes were positively related to self-esteem in the Korean sample. These findings also provide the answer to the second question. That is, different cross-cultural patterns of relationship were found between sexrole identity and self-esteem, providing some support for a culture-bound relationship. These cross-cultural differences were discussed in terms of both confucian values held by Koreans and Bakan's suggestion of a positive relationship between agentic characteristics and modernization.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.175-189
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• 1996

There is a growing tendency that it gives the first primacy to inquiry learning as lesson style from lecture or simple experiment in present primary. middle and high school. But in fact. inquiry learning is difficult due to space limit, lack of laboratory, instruments and program for inquiry learning. Therefore, it is very important for science camp which stimulates much interest in science to be activated by doing of scientific activities in out-of-doors. This study is to investigate the present operational status and educational effects of science camp in which Korean and American students and teachers found. The science camps held by Seoul YMCA Chong-Ro BR. and Dongdaemun BR., Bun-Dong middle school, and Cho-Sun IL BO and Inkel corp., were analyzed. The 284 students and 12 teachers who take part in science camps in Seoul YMCA Chong-Ro BR. and Bun-Dong middle school, and 197 students who attending in 6 schools in seoul were questionaired. The 37 American students and 16 teachers in Pennsylvania, were also questionaired, Most students and teachers thought it useful regarding science-program which proceeded at science camps. And it was thought that science program had much relation to science class in school, especially science-camp made it help to arouse interests on science.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2007

This study compares the buying patterns of American and Korean female college students in relation to their self-concept. It was implemented through self-administered questionnaires which were back translated for validity. Respondents comprised 730 female students majoring in fields related to clothing and textiles: 307 U.S. students were located in the Northeast, West, and Southwest, and 423 Korean students were at four universities in Seoul. Likert scales were used for most measures, with 1 = never or very unimportant, and 5 = always or very important. Personal self-concept was measured on the basis of Won-Shik Jung's Standardized Self-concept the Test and Tennessee Self Concept Scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-tests. Some clear differences between the two countries emerged. Marketers targeting American consumers should pay more attention to practicality and service, and for Koreans, more symbolic meaning of products and store displays, since these are important to them. Self-concept was somewhat related to purchasing behavior, but more study should be done before applying findings to marketing concepts.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.421-431
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to identify instructional components supporting students' interest and creativity in American middle school science classrooms. Two 7th grade classrooms were selected, and observed for 11 class periods each. Results showed that hands-on and small group activities were the most effective ways to increase students' interest. The teachers' instructional approaches, such as individualized paced teaching, sufficient peer teaching, permissive atmosphere, various media, and purpose-focused summary game were found to influence students' interest. To enhance students' creativity, increasing interest, making hypothesis, and trying to various experimental method with sufficient time were identified as effective components.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.12 s.138
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• pp.1571-1582
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• 2004

Consumer's impulse buying behavior is extensive in everyday contexts. Credit cards promote spending by making the transaction simpler and by removing the immediate need for money. College students grown up in a credit card society attain cards at college's time and keep cards for 10 years over. In an effort to extend understanding of consumer behavior across cultures, this paper examines the cultural differences of impulse buying behavior and credit card use between Korean and American college students, and to investigate the relationships between impulse buying behavior and credit card use in each group. Data were obtained from student credit card users attending universities in metropolitan areas in Korea(N=154) and America(N=194). Data were analyzed using by Confirmatory Factor Analysis, MANOVA, MDA, and Regression. The results indicated there are significant differences of fashion-oriented impulse buying and credit card use between American and Korean college students. The impulse buying behavior is likely to increase for both Korean and American students who use credit cards for spending. Findings suggest that credit card use is important in predicting impulse buying behavior across these two cultures. Implications are drawn for the increasing global phenomenon impulse buying behavior and credit card use.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.19-27
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• 2008

Several studies on the pronunciation of English vowels point out that Korean learners have difficulty distinguishing English tense and lax vowel pairs. The acoustic comparisons of those studies are mostly based on the formant measurement at one time point of a given vowel section. However, the English lax vowels usually show dynamic changes across their syllable peaks and subjects' English levels account for various conflicting results. The purposes of this paper are to compare the temporal duration and dynamic formant tracks of English tense and lax vowel pairs produced by five Korean and five American males. The subjects were graduate students of an American state university. Results showed that both the Korean and American males produced the vowels with comparable durations. The duration of the front tense-lax vowel pair was longer than that of the back vowel pair. From the formant track comparisons, the American males produced the tense and lax pairs much more distinctly than the Korean male speakers. The results suggest that the Korean males should pay attention to the F1 and F2 movements, i.e., the jaw and tongue movements, in order to match those of the American males. Further studies are recommended on the auditorily acceptable ranges of F2 variation for the lax vowels.

• American Studies
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2020

This paper examines the benefits of teaching The Adventures of Wu Han of Korea in secondary education in Korea. The novel is a rare sample of twentieth-century American fiction that features a Korean protagonist. What is notable in this novel is that its major Korean characters seem to share the mindset of their American author and creator and represent the Western perspective in their discourse of Korean/Eastern idea and culture. The novel is packed with Orientalist attitudes and could be taught as a case study of Orientalism. Teachers can also use the novel to teach students the art of close reading by analyzing selected scenes from the text.