• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1994 no.12
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• pp.142-146
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• 1994

This paper proposes an fill-factor algorithm that determines embedding parameters which are needed in optimal attractor reconstruction. For reliability test, using this algorithm, we reconstructs the attractor of numerical chaotic data such as Duffing equation, Lorenz equation and Rossler equation whose embedding parameters are known. Also we reconstructs the attractor of experimental data and evaluates correlation dimension. Experimental data used in this paper are 38 ECG data of AHA(American Heart Association) ECG database. For numerical chaotic data, correlation dimension and Lyapunov exponent of reconstructed attractor are very close to those of attractor using original coordinate system.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.83-87
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• 2012

Several authors suggested that the clinical characteristics of incomplete presentation of Kawasaki disease are similar to those of complete presentation and that the 2 forms of presentation are not separate entities. Based on this suggestion, a diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease in analogy to the findings of complete presentation is reasonable. Currently, the diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease might be made in cases with fewer classical diagnostic criteria and with several compatible clinical, laboratory or echocardiographic findings on the exclusion of other febrile illness. Definition of incomplete presentation in which coronary artery abnormalities are included as a necessary condition, is restrictive and specific. The validity of the diagnostic criteria of incomplete presentation by the American Heart Association should be thoroughly tested in the immediate future.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7925-7928
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• 2014

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasingly being recognized as a metabolic disease in recent studies. The aim of the present study was to identify the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its association with RCC among urologic patients. Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 355 participants (117 adult RCC patients and 238 age matched controls) divided into groups, with and without MetS diagnosed using the criteria of the American Heart Association/The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Groups were compared statistically and logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the impact of MetS criteria on RCC risk. Results: Of the 117 RCC patients, 52 (44.4%) and of the 238 controls, 37 (15.5%) had MetS. A significant association (p<0.001) was found between the presence of MetS and RCC (OR: 4.35; 95% CI=2.62-7.21). As the number of MetS components accumulated from 3 to 5, RCC risk increased likewise from 4 to 6 times. Conclusions: MetS is more prevalent in RCC patients in Turkey compared to controls. Risk increases with the number of coexisting MetS components.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.71-81
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• 2010

Purpose: To minimize an interruption in chest compression, reduce the hands-off time, the American Heart Association has recommended the ratio of chest compression to ventilation ratio to 30:2 from 2005 CPR guideline to 2010 CPR guideline. However, current studies have shown that the hands-off time was > 10 seconds with that method. For this reason, we devised new CPR method that a ventilation to chest compression ratio of 2:30 to reduce pt assessment time and skipped the assessment step of carotid artery pulse would be a more effective way to reduce the hands-off time & the time to set the CPR. According to the more detailed purpose are listed below. 1) We would like to confirm efficiency of a ventilation to chest compression ratio of 2:30 than a chest compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 to reduce the hands-off time & the time to set the CPR. 2) We would like to evaluate possibility of increasing for chest compression accuracy of a ventilation to chest compression ratio of 2:30 than a chest compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 3) We would like to evaluate possibility of increasing for ventilation accuracy of a ventilation to chest compression ratio of 2:30 than a chest compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 Methods: According to 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines, 60 paramedic students(20 students X freshmen, sophomore, junior) performed 5 cycles of 3~ chest compressions : 2 ventilations after A, B, C evaluation with Laerdal Resusci R Anne SkillReporters. After 5 minutes rest, the 60 students performed 5 cycles of 2 ventilations : 30 chest compressions after A, B evaluation with the manikins between 13 and 17 September 2010. The short reports including speed & accuracy of chest compression, respiratory, CPR cycle were gained from the manikins. Hands-off times were measured by assistants. Results: Recently, the importance of high quality CPR was emphasized in order to perform the CPR faster and more accurate. To find out improving the conventional CPR method, we switch the procedure of the compression and the ventilation. By switching the procedure back and forth, we are able to compare the effectiveness of CPR between two type of CPR method which are 2:30 and 30:2 methods. 2:30 is that the breaths is delivered twice, first and perform 30 compressions while 30:2 perform 30 compressions first and give 2 breaths followed by the ABC method. Also, we verify the effectiveness of the hands off time, compression accuracy of the compression through the comparison of the two procedure as mentioned earlier. Consequently research verified that 2:30 is the efficient by providing faster set up delivering more accurate chest compression. Conclusion: 2:30 can minimize a time delay from cardiac standstill until starting the chest compression. In addition, hands-off time which is an interruption in chest compression can be shortened by 2:30 method, which result to effective oxygenation of coronary artery & maintenance of the bloodstream. Once again, performing the 2:30 method provide lessen hands off time and increase the accuracy of the chest compression.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.43-53
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• 2008

Purpose : This study was designed to examine physiological changes in the body of rescuers conduct CPR according to the 2005 new guideline from American Heart Association. The ratio of artificial respiration has changed from 15 : 2 into 30 : 2 in 2005. The researcher tried to know the correlation between the physiological changes and the accuracy of CPR. Method : The examinees of this study were 26 students (Dept. of Emergency Medical Service). After the training, participants conducted 10 minute CPR and soon after the CPR, their vital signs were checked, and lactic acid and concentration of ammonia were analysed from their blood samples. Questionnaires to ask their subjective fatigue level were filled out after blood samples and 10 minute - CPR was performed. Results : 1) After the CPR, concentrations of ammonia were $149.71{\mu}{\ell}/d{\ell}$ and $162.17{\mu}{\ell}/d{\ell}$ in 15 : 2 and 30 : 2, respectively. The number was higher in 30 : 2 but it wan not statistically meaningful (p = .493). Log value of lactic acid was a little higher in 30 : 2 with 42 log($mmol/{\ell}$) and 54 log($mmol/{\ell}$) in 15 : 2 and 30 : 2, respectively but it was not statistically meaningful (p = .113). 2) Blood pressure in 15 : 2 and 30 : 2 were 118.50 mmHg and 125.08 mmHg while pulse in two different cases were 96.14 and 97.25, showing no statistically significant differences (blood pressure : p = .155, pulse : p = .841). 3) Subjective fatigue was a bit high in 30 : 2 with 5.93 and 6.92 points in 15 : 2 and 30 : 2 respectively but it was not statistically meaningful (p = .142). 4) In the 10 minute CPR, respiration accuracy was 96.21% in 15 : 2 and 94.79% in 30 : 2. There was no statistical significances between the two(p = .225). In the meanwhile, chest compression accuracy was 92.57% in 15 : 2 and 91.83% in 30 : 2. From the beginning to the end of chest compression, there showed no difference(p = .425). the type of CPR did not influence upon the accuracy of chest compression(p = .756). Conclusion : In the CPR conducted by skilled rescuers for 10 minutes, there were no statistically meaningful differences between 15 : 2 and 30 : 2 in the concentration of fatigue element in a blood, subjective fatigue, vital signs and accuracy of CPR. Therefore, 30 : 2 CPR recommended by American Heart Association need to be recommended and performed in scene size up.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 2017

High sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the association between hs-CRP and the risk factors of MetS in elderly women with abdominal obesity. The diagnosis of MetS followed the AHA/NHLBI criteria, and abdominal obesity was defined using the WHO Asian-Pacific criteria. We used the data from 174 elderly women, with an average age of 74 years. They were classified into two groups: The absent group (N=97) and the MetS group (N=77). Hs-CRP was significantly higher in the MetS group (p=0.007). Hs-CRP had a positive correlation with abdominal obesity (r=0.190, p=0.014) and fasting blood glucose (r=0.240, p=0.002), while having a negative correlation with HDL cholesterol (r=-0.164, p=0.035). Moreover, hs-CRP was higher in the group with risk of high fasting blood glucose (p=0.006) and low HDL-cholesterol (p=0.010), even in elderly women with abdominal obesity.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.73-78
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was to examine public access defibrillator (PAD) deployment on some golf courses and to analyze automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) demand by appropriate distance. Research design, data, and methodology: We conducted telephone interview on 124 golf courses in Gyeonggi and Gangwon province in South Korea. The area within 3 minutes by 3 minutes for retrieval and 1 minute for shock and 1.5 minutes by the American Heart Association (AHA)recommendation for community AED placement were calculated as 3.14×162㎡ and 3.14×100㎡. Results: The average area was 1,811,481.8㎡, and 29 (42.7%) in below 999,999㎡, 75 (60.5%) in 1,000,000 to 1,999,999㎡, 12 (9.7%) in 2,000,000 to 2,999,999㎡ took up. The average retrieval time was 161.8 seconds, and 5 (4.1%) in below 90 seconds, 10 (8.0%) in 91 to 180 seconds took up a small part. AED demands according to 3 and 1.5 retrieval minutes were 2,602 and 6,986 respectively. Average AED demands per golf course were 21.0 and 56.3 respectively on 124 golf courses. Conclusions: The numbers of AED needed in South Korean golf course were 5,880 to 15,764. To ensure defibrillation on the golf courses, the supply and distribution of AEDs should be strengthened.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.276-283
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• 2017

Objective: Dyslipidemia is recognized as a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases but it is manageable through therapeutic and lifestyle intervention. Interpreting the latest guidelines is essential for an application of recommendation from guidelines into clinical practice. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the most recent guidelines on dyslipidemia treatment recommendations in Korea and USA. Methods: This study analyzed and compared 2015 Korean guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia, 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guideline and 2016 supportive guidelines from ACC. Results: A comparison was made focused on the following: target patients based on cardiovascular risk assessment, target goal, and treatment strategies including statin and non-statin therapies. Four target patient groups by risk were suggested in 2015 Korean guideline and cardiovascular risk factors were also considered for initiation of lipid lowering therapy. Titrated statin regimen was recommended by Korean guideline to reach LDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol target level. In 2013 ACC/AHA guideline, four statin benefit group was introduced considering ASCVD risk and high intensity statin or intermediate intensity statin use were recommended without dose titration. 2016 update was to support non-statin therapy based on updated evidence and new consideration of ezetimibe, PCSK9-inhibitor and bile acid sequestrant was brought up. Conclusion: Guidelines are continuously updating as new and important clinical data are constantly released along with the advent of newly approved drugs for lipid disorder. This article provides resources that facilitates uptake of these recommendations into clinical practice.

• English & American cultural studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.251-285
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• 2014

Monsters cannot speak. They have been objectified and represented through a particular concept 'monstrosity' that renders the presence of monsters effectively simplified and nullified. In contemporary monster narratives, however, the site of monsters reveals that they could be the complex construction of society, culture, language and ideology. As going into the structure that concept is based on, therefore, meanings of monsters would be seen to be highly unstable. When symbolic language strives to match monsters with a unified concept, their meanings become only further deferred rather than valorized. This shows the language of monsters should disclose the self-contradiction inherent in 'monstrosity,' which has made others—namely beings we define as 'different' from ourselves in culture or physical appearance—embodied as abject and horrifying monsters. Unable to be understood, accepted, or called humans. I analyse Frankenstein and Dracula that firmly converge monstrous bodies into a symbolic meaning, demonstrating how this fusion causes problems in the multicultural society. I especially emphasize the undeniable affirmation of expurgated others we need to have empathetic relations with, because their difference, unfamiliarity, and slight divergences are likely to be defined as abnormalities. In the multicultural society, thus, we must learn to embrace diversity, while also having to recognize there are many others that have been thought of as monsters; ironically enabling us to think about an undeniable imperative of being responsive to other people. In this respect, the monstrous inhuman goes to the heart of the ethical undercurrent of multiculturalism, its resolute attempt to recognize and respect someone else's difference from me. A focus on empathetic relations with others, thus, can strengthen the process of creating social mechanisms that do justice to the competing claims of different cultural groups and individuals.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.461-467
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• 2007

Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening disease, although it is relatively uncommon. Substantial morbidity and mortality result from this infection. Therefore, primary prevention of endocarditis whenever possible is very important. The American Heart Association updated recommendations for the prevention of infective endocarditis in individuals at risk for this disease in 1997. But, utilization of antibiotic prophylaxis for patients at risk does not provide absolute immunity from infection. This report presents the case of infective endocarditis that occurred in spite of appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis in the ventricular septal defect(VSD) patient.