• 제목/요약/키워드: Amber

검색결과 125건 처리시간 0.02초

석탄석광산 폐석의 재활용 연구 (A Study on the Recycling of Waste in the Limestone Mine)

  • Chae, Young-Bae;Joeng, Soo-Bok;Koh, Won-Sik;Park, Je-Shin;Yang, Shi-Young
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.25-31
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    • 1996
  • 유용광물의 유실과 자연환경 훼손의 원인이 되는 석회석 광산 폐석을 자체 제작한 회전식 스크린 선별기를 이용하여 시멘트 제조용 원료로의 재활용방법의 개발을 시도하였다. 자체 제작한 회전식 선별기의 분리 조작에서는 시료의 수분함유량 6wt%이하, 시료의 선별기내 체류시간 15sec, 선별기의 회전수 600rpm의 조건에서 분리된 조대산물중의 CaO 품위는 37.36wt%에서 $42pm$2wt%로 상승하였다. 따라서, 광범위한 입도범위(수십Cm에서 1.0mm까지)를 가지는 시료를 효과적으로 분리 회수하기 위한 분리 공정을 수립하여 실험한 결과 분리된 조대산물중의 CaO 품위는 46.85wt%까지 상승하였다. 이 결과는 시멘트 제조용 원료로서 직접사용품위에는 불충분하지만 광산에서 폐석중의 dolomite의 선별이 가능하므로 직접 재활용이 가능할 것으로 추측된다. 한편 분리된 미립산물(점토류, 20mm이하)등은 전 공정에 걸쳐 안정적인 화학조성을 유지하고 있기 때문에 시멘트 제조용 부원료로서 직접 재활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

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Evaluation of the Amount of Nitrogen Top Dressing Based on Ground-based Remote Sensing for Leaf Perilla (Perilla frutescens) under the Polytunnel House

  • Kang, Seong-Soo;Sung, Jwa-Kyung;Gong, Hyo-Young;Jung, Hyung-Jin;Kim, Yoo-Hak;Hong, Soon-Dal
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제49권5호
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    • pp.598-607
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    • 2016
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the amount of nitrogen (N) top dressing based on the normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI) by ground based sensors for leaf perilla under the polyethylene house. Experimental design was the randomized complete block design for five N fertilization levels and conventional fertilization with 3 and 4 replications in Gumsan-gun and Milyang-si field, respectively. Dry weight (DW), concentration of N, and amount of N uptake by leaf perilla as well as NDVIs from sensors were measured monthly. Difference of growth characteristics among treatments in Gumsan field was wider than Milyang. SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter reading explained 43.4% of the variability in N content of leaves in Gumsan field at $150^{th}$ day after seedling (DAS) and 45.9% in Milyang at $239^{th}$ DAS. Indexes of red sensor (RNDVI) and amber sensor (ANDVI) at $172^{th}$ day after seedling (DAS) in Gumsan explained 50% and 57% of the variability in N content of leaves. RNDVI and ANDVI at $31^{th}$ DAS in Milyang explained 60% and 65% of the variability in DW of leaves. Based on the relationship between ANDVI and N application rate, ANDVI at $172^{th}$ DAS in Gumsan explained 57% of the variability in N application rate but non significant relationship in Milyang field. Average sufficiency index (SI) calculated from ratio of each measurement index per maximum index of ANDVI at $172^{th}$ DAS in Gumsan explained 73% of the variability in N application rate. Although the relationship between NDVIs and growth characteristics was various upon growing season, SI by NDVIs of ground based remote sensors at top dressing season was thought to be useful index for recommendation of N top dressing rate of leaf perilla.

국립민속박물관 소장 19세기 말~20세기 여성용 쓰개 장식의 재질분석 (Material Analysis of the late 19th century to 20th century Women's Hats Ornaments in National Folk Museum of Korea)

  • 이새롬;오준석;황민영
    • 보존과학회지
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.169-176
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    • 2019
  • 국립민속박물관에서 소장하고 있는 19세기 말~20세기 여성용 쓰개에 사용된 장식 19점에 대하여 SEM-EDS로 조성을 분석하였다. 쓰개 장식 16점은 융제 성분인 $Na_2O$와 PbO를 함유하고 있어 한국의 고대부터 출토되거나 전승되어온 납유리와 조성이 다른 유형의 납유리였다. 쓰개 장식 2점은 $Na_2O$$K_2O$가 3% 혹은 5% 이상 함유한 알칼리혼합유리, 1점은 CaO를 5% 이상 함유한 포타쉬유리 III형으로 분류되었다. 이 중 납유리는 일제강점기 조선에 수입된 일본의 공예용 납유리와 조성이 유사하여, 19세기 말~20세기 여성용 쓰개 중 납유리를 사용한 장식은 원료를 일본에서 수입하였거나 조선 내 일본인 기술로 생산한 공예용 납유리로 제작된 것으로 추정된다. 이를 통해 근현대에 들어서 전통적으로 사용되어온 쓰개 장식의 사용된 옥이나 호박과 같은 보석이 일본에서 수입된 공예용 납유리로 대체되어 새롭게 사용되었음을 보여주고 있다.

휘발성유기물(VOC) 분석을 위한 시료보관 용기의 비교 (Comparison of sample storage containers for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC))

  • 김서경;김달호
    • 분석과학
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.116-123
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    • 2022
  • 대기 중 휘발성유기물(VOC) 분석을 위해 가스시료 채취 용기로서 고분자 재질의 유연한 백(bag)이나 금속재질의 캐니스터 또는 유리병 등을 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 가스시료 용기에 시료 채취 후 분석 시까지 단기 보관에 따른 휘발성시료의 농도 안정성을 다양한 용기에 대해 비교하였다. 시료용기로 폴리비닐플로라이드(polyvinyl fluoride, PVF), 폴리프로필렌(polypropylene, PP), 폴리에스터-알미늄(polyester aluminum, PE-Al) 재질의 폴리머백과 스테인레스 재질의 캐니스터 그리고 2종의 갈색유리병을 사용하였으며 VOC 시료로 100 nmol/mol의 벤젠, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 자일렌, 스타이렌 표준가스를 사용하였다. 열탈착-가스크로마토그래프-불꽃이온화검출기(TD-GC-FID)를 사용하여 용기 종류별로 10~20일 동안 보관된 시료의 농도변화를 측정하였다. 캐니스터와 갈색병은 1주일 동안 큰 농도의 변화가 없었으며 2주까지도 처음 농도의 80 %이상 농도를 유지하였다. 폴리머재질의 모든 백(bag)형 용기의 경우는 벤젠과 톨루엔을 제외한 모든 성분이 1일 후에 처음 농도의 70 % 미만으로 큰 농도 변화를 보였다. 특히 에틸벤젠, 자일렌, 스티렌의 경우 처음 농도의 30 % 미만이 남아 매우 큰 농도 변화를 보였다.

한국장신구의 사치 금제 고찰 (A Study on Luxury Prohibition of Korean Personal Ornaments)

  • 추원교
    • 디자인학연구
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.43-62
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    • 1989
  • The luxury is the expression of human being's ornament instinct. In this study, in order to grasp the moulding system of the Korean's personal ornaments, the process of luxury prohibition was reviewed to search for to which direction the ornaments developed in the frame of the prohibited style connected closely to the character of the personal ornaments. The proiod was fixed from the old society to the late Chosun dynasty era. The beginning of the luxury in Korea seems to be the start of the luxury burial at the time of funeral in the age of Koguryo., In the era of Koguryo, 10th year of King Dongmyung (B. C. 28), in the era of Baekje, 27th year of King Koi(260), the prohibition of dress regulation and the style of dress were conducted. The prohibition of personal ornaments in Silla was started from King Bup:Heung, and in the 9th year of King Heung-Duk, the prohibition was conducted in order to correct the luxury of the nobles and set up the social discipline. In the 11 th of King Il-Sung-Ni-Sa-Kum, the use of gold, silver and jade was prohibited in the civilian circles. The prohibition of Silla was succeeded to Koryo era, and in the 7th year of King Kwangjong(956), the system of Baekgwan Gongbok(uniform for government officials) was set up, and the system of Sasek Gongbok(four color official uniform) was set up in the 11 th year of the same King, and the prohibition of the personal ornaments such as crown and band is considred to have been conducted. The prohibition of gold and silver was conducted in the first year of King Sungjong(982), and in the 4th year of King Chungryul(l260), the order of wearing the dress and hat in accordance with the Yusan dynasty and the Mongolian customs were widely circulated in the royal court and vivilian circles. The strong influence of Mongolia made the taste of the traditional personal ornaments laste. The personal ornaments were used for the nobles until the age of the Unified Sillar but even the common people could use them in case they were rich, and such a circumstances made the use of foreign goods inflated. The prohibition of Koryo era was aimed at the prohibition of the foreign goods of luxury, and the classification of the social status.In the age of Chosun Dynasty, the production of gold and silver was feeble indeed but the oute reason of the prohibition was to eradicate the luxurious tendency, elevate the custom of eradicate the luxurious tendency, elevate the custom of thrift, and moreover, the gold, silver and jade were no the products of Korea and the prohibition was conducted but the true reason was afor the tribute tt China and the classification of status. The prohibition of Chosun dynasty was conducted first in the June of the 3rd year of King Taejo The major contents of prohibition was no use of gold, silver and jade, coral, agate, amber, etc. of th, wives of the Dang-Sang-Kwan (Court Nobleman) or their sons and daughters, and the same pheno menon was common even at the time of marriage. The people engaged in the secret trade there of wert beheaded. The personal ornaments in the prohibition were the pendent trinket, Binyo (crossbar) ceremonial ornamental hat, ring, earring, ornamental knife, hat string, hat ornament, belt, etc. Thl luxurious marriage expenses out of the luxury was severe, and lose of the marriageable age because 0 non-preparing the marriage goods was the national evil. The prohibition oC luxury was hard to bt kept to the nobles or rich people, the same as old days and present days. The prohibition of th{ luxury and personal ornaments of Korea had nothing to do with the commons, and it was limited tc the nobles and rich people. The prohibition was aimed to cultivating the custom of frugality by eradicating the luxurious atmosphere, but it was chiefly due to the tribute to the China and tht discrimination of the. status. We can say that the recent personal ornament was the flower of handi craft industry bloomed in the prohibition and regulation.

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