• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.521-545
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• 2013

본 연구는 우리나라 4대강(한강, 금강, 영산강, 낙동강) 하구의 중요 속성(하구 유형, 하구 하천 수질, 하구 해수역 수질, 하구 생물다양성 수준)과 관련된 가치를 도출하기 위하여 진술선호법에 속하는 선택실험법(CE)을 이용하였다. 선택실험법에서 얻어진 자료에 대해서는 일반적으로 다항로짓모형(MNL)으로 분석하지만, 다항로짓모형의 기본 가정에 해당하는 IIA 성립 여부를 Hausman과 McFadden(1984)이 제시한 검정 통계량으로 검토한 결과에 따르면 본 연구 자료에서 IIA 가정은 모두 기각되었다. 그러므로 IIA의 가정을 완화한 이분산극치모형(HEV)과 다항프로빗모형(MNP)으로 분석한 결과, IIA 가정을 충족하지 못하는 자료를 다항로짓모형으로 분석하면 그로부터 도출된 추정계수 및 속성의 경제적 가치들을 상당히 왜곡하는 것으로 파악되었다. 다항프로빗모형(MNP)의 추정 결과에 따르면, 4대강에 속하는 한 하구가 자연 하구인 경우의 경제적 가치는 3,523억원(95% 신뢰구간 2,611억원~4,778억원)이다. 4대강에 속하는 한 하구 하천 수질이 한 등급 상승하면 4,115억원(95% 신뢰구간 3,385억원~5,255억원)의 경제적 가치를 갖는다. 한편 4대강 하구에 속하는 한 하구의 해수역 수질이 한 등급 상승하면 3,589억원(95% 신뢰구간 2,925억원~4,570억원)의 경제적 가치가 증가한다. 4대강 하구에 속하는 한 하구의 생물다양성이 한 등급 상승하면 1,519억원(95% 신뢰수준 990억원~2,186억원)의 가치가 증가한다. 그러므로 4대강 하구에 속하는 한 하구가 인공이 아닌 자연 하구이면서 하구 하천 수질이 좋은 수질(2급수) 수준, 하구 해수역 수질이 좋은 수질(1등급), 생물다양성이 높은 수준이면, 경제적 가치는 2조 1,970억원이며 95% 신뢰수준은 1조 7,210억원~2조 8,799억원으로 평가된다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2012

Currently, environment-friendly and sustainable fisheries are one of the major issues among fisheries authorities. A variety of alternative management policies and projects are going on to enhance fisheries management systems and fishery resources such as a TAC management program and a VDS (Vessel Day Scheme) management scheme for distant water fishing nations in Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) convention area. These kinds of efforts among fisheries management authorities are aimed at limiting fishing capacity or fishing power. In terms of fisheries management, Fishing capacity and fishing power have increased the importance of the impact on a fishery and level of the resources. Increased fishing capacity and fishing power have caused not only depletion of fisheries resource, but also additional fishing cost. therefore, there is a clear need for authorities to manage fishing capacity and fishing power. It is also help ensure the conservation and sustainability of the fishery resources. Because of lack of data, absolute fishing power is difficulty to measure. The notion of relative fishing power is frequently used. In this study, relative fishing power was assessed using Mastuda (1991) method for fishing power index. The raw data for assessment was based on fishermen's logbook data from sampled fishing vessels in coastal snow crab gillnet fishery. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method was used to assess fishing capacity. DEA is a linear programming methodology to measure the efficiency of a set of entities called Decision-Making Units (DMUs). It was recommended by FAO for assessing capacity in fisheries.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.169.1-169.1
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• 2010

Due to global warming, the need to secure an alternative resource has become the international issue. Not like other renewable energy sources, TCP is the high reliable and predictable and continuous energy source as the current pattern and speed can be predicted throughout the year. Having very strong tidal current speeds, there are many suitable site for the application of TCP (Tidal Current Power) on the west and south coastal region in Korea. The maximum current speed in the south is recorded up to 6.5m/s. Due to the high tidal current speed on the west coast of Korea, numerous tidal current projects are being planned. To extract a significant quantity of power, a tidal current farm with number of devices is required in the ocean. However, it is important to estimate the potential quantity of energy in the area. Also the realistic quantity that can be extracted is to be investigated. Based on the estimated energy production considering the number of devices and the interactional effects, system type, the water depth and etc., the cost of the development and the benefit from SMP can be estimated. The feasibility study for the 200MW tidal in Incheon, Korea has been performed recently. Based on the actual feasibility study, the procedure and the key points for the application of tidal current power farm are introduced in the paper.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.743-751
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• 2017

During slaughtering, animal blood is typically discarded, resulting in water pollution. However, this discarded blood has valuable components, such as immunoglobulin (Ig). Although several studies have been conducted to develop methods for effective recycling of slaughterhouse blood, they have not been commercially utilized in Korea. Here, we extracted an Ig-rich fraction from porcine blood that was then subjected to various in vitro tests, including pathogen growth inhibition, antigenic cross-reactivity, and anti-toxin activity. The porcine immunoglobulin concentrate (PIC) was effectively purified by eliminating other components, such as albumin, and consisted of approximately $63.2{\pm}2.9%$ IgG and $7.2{\pm}0.4%$ IgM on a protein basis. The results showed that it significantly suppressed the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and bound to all tested pathogens, including both gram-positive and gram-negative species, although the degree of activity differed according to strain. The PIC bound to two types of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) obtained from Escherichia coli O111:B4 and Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the PIC restored the proliferation activity of the lymphoblast K-562 cells when co-incubated with pathogenic LPS. These results confirm that the PIC prepared in this study is a potentially valuable functional food material or diet supplement as an alternative to antibiotics that can protect animals from pathogenic bacteria.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.5021-5028
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• 2015

탄성포장재에 대한 기존의 연구는 포장재의 투수성, 공법적용에 관한 접근이 많아 탄성포장재의 기초적인 성능연구보다 실용화에 초점을 맞춘 연구가 많았다. 본 연구에서는 경제적인 차원에서 필요한 탄성조건과 투수성 등을 만족하면서 콘크리트나 아스팔트로 포장된 장소에서 기존 하층 노면에 대한 재시공 없이 자원낭비나 환경오염이 발생하지 않도록 두께가 얇은 탄성포장재의 시공 가능성에 대하여 두께가 다른 5종류(10, 13, 15, 20, 25mm)의 시험편과 고무 칩과 바인더의 혼합비가 다른 3개(20, 22.5, 25%)의 시험편을 가지고 다양한 시험을 실시하고 기본적인 물성을 파악하였다. 결과적으로 정성적인 관점에서 탄성바닥재의 두께를 품질조건에 따라 최소한(10~25mm)으로 할 수 있는 여지가 있으며, 바닥재가 온도에 민감하여 내구성증진에 대한 대안도 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.41-55
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• 2010

댐은 사회전반에 걸쳐 많은 편익을 제공하고 있다. 이를 위해서는 일정수준 이상의 저수용량 확보가 필수적이다. 그러나 상류의 토사 유입으로 인하여 댐의 저수용량은 줄어들고 있는 실정이다. 전 세계적으로 5조 톤의 토사가 매년 댐 뒤에 쌓이는 실정이다. 강이 여러 지역에 걸쳐 흐르는 경우 상류의 농업에서 발생하는 토사는 장시간에 걸쳐서 지속적으로 발생하기 때문에 상류 농업종사자들은 관리를 소홀히 하는 경향이 있다. 특히 토사는 댐의 저수용량을 지속적으로 줄여 궁극적으로는 댐의 경제적 가치를 소멸시키는 효과가 있다. 따라서 상류 지역의 토사저감 노력과 함께 댐의 저수용량 확보가 급선무이다. 실증분석으로 나일강 상류의 수단 농업지역과 하류의 이집트 Aswan High Dam을 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과 상류 농업부문의 토사저감 노력과 댐의 토사제거 방안이 사회전체의 경제적 편익을 극대화하는 것으로 나타났다. 동태적 최적제어이론을 이용한 유역토사관리 모형에서 댐의 경제적 편익을 포함한 사회전체의 편익은 크게는 약 1,510억 달러로 추산되었다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.188.2-188.2
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• 2011

The use of renewable energy sources is becoming increasingly necessary to minimize the problems derived from the global warming impacts caused by the utilization of fossil fuels as well as their limited supply and reservoir. Also, localized heavy rain has occurred in many areas. As a result, suspended wood waste is being inflow into the dam and the problem of waste disposal has occurred. It is a unique renewable and alternative source for the production of energy. The experiment using wood waste (dry weight 25.0g) was conducted for extraction sugars such as xylose, lactose and glucose. For the sugar extraction from wood waste, hydrolysis experiment using wood waste was conducted by two steps. First step was reacted with 72% sulfuric acid (24.0N and 37.5 ml) for 1hr at $30^{\circ}C$ and second step was reacted at $105^{\circ}C$ for one hour after adding 2.45times of hot water. Extracted sugar was used in the experiment of sugar consumption to estimate feasibility of ethanol production using yeast(P. Stipitis and S cerevisiae). As a result, sugar extracted from wood waste was effective consumed by yeast(P. Stipitis and S cerevisiae). The consumption rate by yeast was S. cerevisiae was faster than that of P. stipitis. It can be confirmed that resource as ethanol production using wood waste was available.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1747-1755
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• 2018

Objective: Common reed (Phragmites communis Trin.) could potentially provide an alternative resource for silage; however, its silage quality is poor. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors in reed that contribute to poor quality and determine how the use of additives at ensiling could improve fermentation quality. Methods: In Experiment 1, we determined the chemical composition and the presence of indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in reed. We further examined fermentation quality of reed silage under conditions without additives (NA) and treated glucose (G), lactic acid bacteria (L), and their combination (G+L). In Experiment 2, silage of NA, and with an addition of cellulase and lactic acid bacteria (CL) were prepared from harvested reed. The harvested reeds were fertilized at nitrogen concentrations of 0, 4, 8, and $12g\;N/m^2$ and were harvested thrice within one year. Results: The indigenous LAB and fermentable carbohydrates are at extremely low concentrations in reed. Reed silage, to which we added G+L, provided the highest quality silage among treatments in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, N fertilization had no negative effect on silage quality of reed. The harvest times decreased fermentable carbohydrate content in reed. The CL treatment provided a higher lactic acid content compared to the NA treatment. However, the quality of CL treated silage at the second and third harvests was significantly lower than at the first harvest, due to a reduction in carbohydrates caused by frequent harvesting. Conclusion: The causes of poor quality in reed silage are its lack of indigenous LAB and fermentable carbohydrates and its high moisture content. In addition, reed managed by frequent harvesting reduces carbohydrate content. Although the silage quality could be improved by adding CL, higher-quality silage could be prepared by adding fermentable carbohydrates, such as glucose (rather than adding cellulases).

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권5호
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• pp.131-172
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• 2007

Government duties in the cases of crisis are aimed at supporting efficient military operations in the fields of non-military affairs and resource mobilization, maintenance of government functions, and search for the public security of living during the war. In crisis, the government must change its functions into the total-war system with all resources available for the efficient performance of military operations, war economy, public safety and security as well as government continuance. The main contents of "Chung-Mu Plan" include the alternative measures to control the circulation of life necessities, emergency electricity, water and gas; recover public facilities from the disaster; and accommodate the wounded and refugees. Governments have practiced Ul-chi and ChungMoo exercises to improve government's management capabilities and master standard operating procedures including systematic distribution plans in the national and local level. However, such plans have not yet sufficient enough for the maintenance of public security of living. In addition to the conceptual ambiguity, major problems are the inappropriate system of the war economy, legal institutions, and administrative SOPs for the efficient maintenance of it. Thus, for the betterment of national crisis management system, the government should have the manual stated from every step and level dealing with crisis to the legal institutions. It is important to empower the National Emergency Planning Commission for the policy consistency and efficient/effective implementation. The comprehensive plans must have an integrated cooperative system of the central/local governments, military and civil society with actual practices and exercises for the maintenance of the public security of living.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2010

Since the Korean War, Korea has experienced modernization. The population increase by baby booming has asked for more space for educational facilities. In such a situation, the purpose of educational facilities was to accommodate continuously increasing students, rather than seeking for quantitative demands. In addition, in accordance with social changes, educational shifts were required. After the revision of the seventh national curriculum in education in 1997, the school buildings became varied. The design of buildings in accordance with educational curriculum has been improved, but still lack of forming comfortable environment and considering energy efficiency in school buildings. For the improvement of educational environments, educational media such as TV and computers have been provided, and energy systems, including heating and cooling systems, has been continuously increased. As a result, it appeared that energy use in school buildings and facilities has been steadily increased and that the structure of energy consumption has been also changed, especially with regard to electricity use. Living in the 21st century, human beings face global environmental issues, such as global warming, geographical climate changes, and ozone destruction that are the consequences of fossil energy use. Therefore, even in industrial areas, considering a counterplan for low energy use is being paid attention. Starting with Kyoto Protocol in 1992, people try to decrease carbon dioxide and to develop alternative energies (i.e. natural energy); for example, solar energy, wind force, terrestrial heat, and water power. Advanced countries already set up a criterion for $CO_2$ decrease ranging from office buildings to residential houses and also propose alternatives for the $CO_2$ decrease. However, there is no such a plan for low energy use and $CO_2$ decrease in school facilities, and any research on the actual conditions was not accomplished. Thus, this study examines energy demand in classrooms that take up a large portion of energy demand in school building structure.