• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.237-248
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• 2009

The reasons to attend Alternative Schools are : to compensate for the discontent over what is locally taught in state schools and to improve the students' satisfaction and social emotional development. In 2006, it was estimated that about a thousand Home Schools were set up. With the studies of Alternative Education and Home Schooling, the issues are : 1) the depth study of curriculum of Alternative Education with a wide range of subjects, 2) the institutionalization of Home Schooling, 3) educational methods for Home Schooling, 4) a research on Home Schooling's effectiveness. Their practical and political issues are : 1) to give the licence to the rest of schools and to formulate Education Law on Home Schooling, 2) to obtain government's financial support to the both sections, 3) to support a system of instructional contents and methods of Home Schooling, and 4) to select, share and popularize the best practices of Home Schooling.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to analyze the effect size of complementary and alternative intervention studies in reference to dysmenorrhea and menstrual distress. Methods: In order to conduct a meta-analysis, a total of 393 studies were retrieved from the database. Twenty-eight studies that were published from March 2001 to February 2011 were selected. Results: Intervention studies included seven studies on aromatherapy, five on auriculotherapy, three on each Koryo-Sooji-Chim and moxibustion, two on each heat therapy and magnetic therapy and six on other therapy. The effect size of the intervention studies on dysmenorrhea and menstrual distress was greater than 0.48 for Koryo-Sooji-Chim, moxibustion, aromatherapy, auriculotherapy and other therapy. Conclusion: This study suggests that drug free therapy can reduce the levels of menstrual distress, despite the small number of intervention studies and randomized controlled trials.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.212-220
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• 2012

In this study, we tried a study on a direction of the field of oriental medicine on accepting complementary alternative medicine by analyzing the related thesis, journals and papers on the complementary alternative medicine published in the field of oriental medicine. As the result of analyzing the present study of the field of oriental medicine on the complementary alternative medicine, there have been 22 studies on the complementary alternative medicine. Thesis, papers were mainly experimental papers about the bee venom therapy, energy therapy, fasting therapy, and colon therapy, and the journals were actively studied in order of clinical paper, experimental paper, and reference paper about the bee venom therapy, energy therapy, and reflexolgy. The acceptance of complementary alternative medicine by the field of oriental medicine through a scientific relation should be conducted more systemically by setting the main academy taking charge of the study on common characteristics of the complementary alternative medicines on the classification of NCCAM as well as the related academies taking charge of the study on the unique characteristic of each complementary alternative medicine. First, additional studies are needed to make the most of characteristics of each complementary alternative medicine through the main academy and the related academies, and for the next, additional studies are necessary to complement the research trend on each complementary alternative medicine through the main academy and related academies.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.77-89
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze Korean clinical studies in Korean medicine and complementary and alternative medicine for allergic rhinitis and to propose for better methods of clinical studies and effective treatments on allergic rhinitis. Methods Electronic researches were performed with NDSL, RISS, KISTI, KISS, OASIS by keyword 'Allergic rhinitis'. Results The treatments used in 36 studies were herbal medicines, acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, moxibustion, cupping, inject medicine to nasal cavity, aroma therapy, ointment, nasal cleansing solution, laser treatment, infra-red therapy, oxygen nebulizer, diet treatment, moxa-pellet treatment, mindfulness meditation and space-spine manipulation techniques. The most common acupoints were LI4 and LI20 (Large Intestine Meridian). The most common methods of assessment is subjective nasal symptoms. All studies using subjective nasal symptoms and quality of life as assessment methods to show valid results on the improvement of allergic rhinitis. Conclusions This study shows that Korean medicine and complementary and alternative medicine on allergic rhinitis are effective. It will be expected to use that various methods for allergic rhinitis and more clinical studies for allergic rhinitis and pediatric patients needed in the future.

• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.439-447
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• 2013

Rice is a monocot gramineous crop, and one of the most important staple foods. Rice is considered a model species for most gramineous crops. Extensive research on rice has provided critical guidance for other crops, such as maize and wheat. In recent years, climate change and exacerbated soil degradation have resulted in a variety of abiotic stresses, such as greenhouse effects, lower temperatures, drought, floods, soil salinization and heavy metal pollution. As such, there is an extremely high demand for additional research, in order to address these negative factors. Studies have shown that the alternative splicing of many genes in rice is affected by stress conditions, suggesting that manipulation of the alternative splicing of specific genes may be an effective approach for rice to adapt to abiotic stress. With the advancement of microarrays, and more recently, next generation sequencing technology, several studies have shown that more than half of the genes in the rice genome undergo alternative splicing. This mini-review summarizes the latest progress in the research of splicing and alternative splicing in rice, compared to splicing in humans. Furthermore, we discuss how additional studies may change the landscape of investigation of rice functional genomics and genetically improved rice.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.7-27
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• 2018

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.4395-4403
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to know about condition of alternative medicine. Methods which An literature search in Pubmed January 2000 to March, 2010 was performed. RCT(Randomized Controlled Trial), CCT(Controled Clinical Trials), and OD(efficacy studies with either a controlled or an Other than controlled Design) were included. PubMed databases were searched using key terms relating to alternative medicine. 19 clinical trials were included among 682 studies searched. RCT was 44%, CCT was 16% and OD was 40% in the review. In the all of included studies, the acupuncture and the massage was the biggest part. The using rate was 20% of pain control about Disease of the Musculoskeletal system and Connective tissue, 15% of Certain infectious and parasitic diseases, and 15% of Neoplasms. There was lack of evidence that alternative medicine was effective for progress. Future well-designed clinical trials is needed.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of hypertension-related nursing intervention programs and their effects on systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Methods: Fifteen studies were selected from four databases (Korean studies, Riss4U, RICHIS, and JKAN) published as of 2009. They were analyzed by meta-analysis method. The selected studies contained a control group with pre-test and post-test design, measured blood pressure as a dependent variable, and used a reported statistical value for blood pressure to measure the size of effects. Results: The hypertension-related nursing intervention programs were relatively effective in lowering both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, although they were more efficient to decrease diastolic pressure. Among the hypertension-related intervention programs, complementary and alternative therapies were more effective in lowering blood pressure compared to lifestyle change intervention. Conclusions: To acquire substantial data of intervention effects, and complementary and alternative therapy, subjects in pre-hypertensive stage, and elderly people, better industrial and scholastic research methods need to be developed for future research. Further studies are needed to establish complementary and alternative therapies. Studies with different group of participants and studies using effective research design are in need as well.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.159-168
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• 2014

Pesticides have provided significant benefits including plant disease control and increased crop yields since people developed and utilized them. However, pesticide use is associated with many adverse effects, which necessitate precise toxicological tests and risk assessment. Most of these methods are based on animal studies, but considerations of animal welfare and ethics require the development of alternative methods for the evaluation of pesticide toxicity. Although the usage of laboratory animals is inevitable in scientific evaluation and alternative approaches have limitations in the whole coverage, continuous effort is necessary to minimize animal use and to develop reliable alternative tests for pesticide evaluation. This review discusses alternative approaches for pesticide toxicity tests and hazard evaluation that have been used in peer-reviewed reports and could be applied in future studies based on the critical animal research principles of reduction, replacement, and refinement.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.76-98
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• 1999

As an attempt to systematize the environmental education in schools according to the 7th curriculum, this study extracted the contents of environmental education to which Social Studies Education can approach in the social studies lessons. This study analyzed these contents from the goals of environmental education and from its contents and, as a result, it found out the following: (1) in the aspect of ‘knowledge’ and ‘skills’, Social Studies and the goals of environmental education have direct relations with each other, and (2) Social Studies can be taught in the aspect of ‘environmental pollution’, ‘environmental preservation ＆ alternative’ ,‘human environment’, ‘population’, ‘inderstrialization & urbanization, ‘resources’, and so on. By utilizing various teaching and learning methods of Socal studies education, We can approach the goals of environmental education: ‘attitudes’ and ‘participation’. We think that ‘problem solving ability’ is main teaching method” in Socal Studies.