• Toxicological Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.279-285
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Cinnamomum camphora leaves on allergic skin inflammation such as atopic dermatitis. We evaluated the effects of C. camphora leaves on human adult low-calcium high-temperature keratinocytes and atopic dermatitis mice. C. camphora leaves inhibited Macrophage-derived chemokine (an inflammatory chemokine) production in $interferon-{\gamma}$ (10 ng/mL) stimulated Human adult low-calcium high-temperature keratinocytes in a dose dependent manner. C. camphora leaves suppressed the phosphorylation of janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. C. camphora leaves also suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, a central signaling molecule in the inflammation process. These results suggest that C. camphora leaves exhibits anti-inflammatory effect via the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. To study the advanced effects of C. camphora leaves on atopic dermatitis, we induced experimental atopic dermatitis in mice by applying 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. The group treated with C. camphora leaves (100 mg/kg) showed remarkable improvement of atopic dermatitis symptoms: reduced serum immunoglobulin E levels, smaller lymph nodes with reduced thickness and length, decreased ear edema, and reduced levels of inflammatory cell infiltration in the ears. Interestingly, the effects of C. camphora leaves on atopic dermatitis symptoms were stronger than those of hydrocort cream, a positive control. Taken together, C. camphora leaves showed alleviating effects on the inflammatory chemokine production in vitro and atopic dermatitis symptoms in vivo. These results suggest that C. camphora leaves help in the treatment of allergic inflammation such as atopic dermatitis.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.58 no.9
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• pp.546-555
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• 2020

Allergic rhinitis is a specific IgE mediated inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa, characterized by symptoms such as rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, nasal obstruction, nasal and eye itching, and sneezing. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis varies according to country, age, and surveying methods, but it seems to increase worldwide, also in Korea. Prolonged mouth breathing caused by allergic rhinitis can produce muscular and postural alterations, causing alterations on the morphology, position, growth direction of the jaws, and malocclusion. Also, mouth breathing leads to dryness of the mouth, causing various oral diseases; gingivitis, halitosis, inflammation of tonsil, increased risk of dental caries and dental erosion. In dental clinic, using rapid maxillary expansion to persistent allergic rhinitis patients with narrow maxilla can enlarge maxillary dental arch and nasal cavity anatomy, improving nasal breathing and reducing nasal cavity resistance. However, it is desirable to use along with otolaryngologic treatment. Dentists should be aware of the characteristics of allergic rhinitis and its effects on patients, and consider when planning dental treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.28-34
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• 2011

Background & Objectives : Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation or irritation of the mucous membranes that line the nose. Common symptoms include sneezing, a stuffy or runny nose, itchy eyes, nose and throat, and watery eyes. We aimed to determine therapeutic effects of Tribulus terrestris by observing changes of total IgE level and the scratching or rubbing around the nose behavior. Materials and Methods : Fifteen BALB/c mice were divided into three groups : AR group(allergic rhinitis elicitated), TT group(which ate herbal medicine) and AH group(which ate antihistamine). Allergic rhinitis was induced in the three groups by intraperitoneal and intranasal sensitization with 0.1% ovalbumin solution. Then Tribulus terrestris was orally administered only to the TT group of 28days, while the AH group was given antihistamine. We observed changes of total IgE level and the scratching or rubbing around the nose behavior. We used Kruskal-Wallis test statistically(p<0.05). Results : 1. Tribulus terrestris showed significantly decreased IgE level on the serum of the rat model. 2. Tribulus terrestris showed significantly decreased scratching or rubbing around the nose behaviors of the rat model. Conclusion : According to the above results, it is considered that Tribulus terrestris has an inhibitory effect on the process of allergic rhinitis and it can be used in relieving symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2012

Allergic skin inflammation such as atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by edema and infiltration with various inflammatory cells such as mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and T cells. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is produced mainly by epidermal keratinocytes, as well as dermal fibroblasts and mast cells in the skin lesions of AD. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oil can reduce inflammation in allergic patients. Fermentation has a tremendous capacity to transform chemical structures. The antiinflammatory effects of fish oil have been described in many diseases, but the beneficial effects by which fermented olive flounder oil (FOF) modulates the allergic response is poorly understood. In this study, we produced FOF and tested its ability to suppress the various allergic inflammatory responses. The ability of FOF to modulate the immune system was investigated using a mouse model of AD. The FOF-treated group showed significantly decreased immunoglobulin E (IgE) and histamine in serum. Also, the increased TSLP expression was significantly inhibited in the FOF group; the FOF-treated group was not appreciably different from the hydrocort cream treatment group. In addition, FOF treatment resulted in a smaller spleen size with reduced the thickness and length compared to the induction group. Splenocytes from mice treated with FOF produced significantly less IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, T-box transcription factor (T-bet) and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) expression compared with the induction group. These results suggest that FOF may be effective in treating the allergic symptoms of AD. 5.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.481-485
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• 2003

Experimental studies were done to research the clinical effects of Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture(BL13, BL17, BL13ㆍ17 and free points) on the anti-allergic inflammation response. The following results have been obtained ; JSAA was increased in the lymphocyte proliferation in cultured murine thymocytes and splenocytes. The production of IL-1β was decreased in Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture(BL13, BL17 and BL13ㆍ17) group. The production of IL-4 was decreased in Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture(BL13, BL17 and BL13ㆍ17) group. The production of total IgG was decreased in Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture(BL13 and BL13ㆍ17) and acupuncture(BL13, BL17 and BL13ㆍ17) group. According to the above results, Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture(BL13, BL17 and BL13ㆍ17) both enhances the specific immune response in T and B cells and depress the allergic inflammation reaction.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.286-290
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• 2013

This study was carried out to the determine the effects of the water extract of Viticis Fructus (Verbenaceae, WEVF) on experimental allergic reactions and inflammation. WEVF was anally administered to mice for high and fast absorption. WEVF inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated local allergic reaction. Histamine releasing from mast cells was reduced by WEVF, which was mediated by modulation of intracellular calcium. In addition, WEVF decreased the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187 (PMACI)-stimulated HMC-1 cells. These findings demonstrate that the WEVF possesses antiallergic and anti-inflammatory activities, which may be mediated by reducing the release of mediators such as histamine from mast cells and weakening the inflammatory action of these mediators.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.123-123
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• 2019

Xanthone is a kind of polyphenolic compounds that contain a distinctive chemical structure with a tricyclic aromatic ring found in a few higher plant families e.g. gentian root. This compound had a variety of biological activity, for instance antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. However, the effect of xanthone on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation and its associated mechanism have not been elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the anti-allergic inflammatory effects and the underlying molecular mechanism of xanthone in PMACI-stimulated human mast cells-1 (HMC-1). In this result, xanthone treatment decreased the production of histamine, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-${\alpha}$), IL-6, and IL-8 and expressions of TSLP in PMACI-stimulated HMC-cells. In addition, xanthone significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of MAPKs and the activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ signal pathway in activated mast cells. Furthermore, xanthone inhibited the activation of caspase-1, an IL-$1{\beta}$ converting enzyme, in PMACI-stimulated HMC-1 cells. These findings provide evidence that xanthone could be a potential therapeutic agent for allergy-related inflammatory disorders.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.68-78
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• 2022

Objective: In this study, we investigated the protective effect of rhododendron mucronulatum extract (RME) on allergic reactions and inflammation. Methods: The effect of RME was determined using ELISA and RT-PCR in RBL-2H3 mast cells and RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. We determined cell viability, β-hexosaminidase release, and the synthesis of IL-4 and TNF-α in RBL-2H3 cells. In addition, we determined NO from RAW 264.7 and the gene expression of IL-1β, iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10. Results: RME inhibited β-hexosaminidase release and synthesis of IL-4 and TNF-α in RBL-2H3 by the anti-DNP IgE plus DNP-HSA stimulation. In addition, RME inhibited the production of NO and the gene expression of IL-1β, iNOS, IL-6, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion: From these results, we concluded that RME possesses anti-allergic activity and anti-inflammatory activity due to the inhibition of mast cells and macrophage function.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.57-60
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• 2004

Glycyrrhizin (18$\beta$-glycyrrhetinic acid-3-O-$\beta$-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1$\rightarrow2)-\beta$-D-glucuronide, GL) was transformed to 18$\beta$-glycyrrhetinic acid-3-O-$\beta$-D-glucuronide (GAMG) by Streptococcus LJ-22. The antiallergic activities of GL and GAMG was measured using a RBL cell assay system and contact hypersensitivity model mice. GAMG exhibited anti-allergic activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 0.28 mM. GAMG, which is sweeter than GL, and 18$\beta$-glycyrrhetinic acid, which is a GAMG metabolite by human intestinal bacteria, also inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and skin contact inflammation. In conclusion, GAMG may be useful as a new sweet food additive and an anti-allergic agent.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2021

Asthma is a chronic obstructive lung disease characterized by recurrent episodes of bronchoconstriction and wheezing. Conventional asthma treatment involves the suppression of airway inflammation or improving airway flow. Rosmarinus officialis, also known as rosemary, is a Mediterranean plant that is used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Carnosol, a diterpenoid found in rosemary extracts, has been known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-oxidant effects. The effect of carnosol on allergic responses has not been tested yet. The effect of carnosol on a murine allergic asthma model were investigated. Carnosol inhibited the degranulation of RBL-2H3 mast cells. Carnosol treatment inhibited the increase in the number of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) of mice treated with ovalbumin. Carnosol treatment also inhibited inflammatory responses and mucin production in histologic studies. Carnosol treatment inhibited the increases of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines expression in both BALF and the lungs. These results suggest that carnosol may have a potential for allergic asthma therapy.