• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.699-706
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• 1986

We have experienced 5 cases of Pectus excavatum corrected by Ravitch method without use of K-wire or metal bar from Jan. 1985 to Apr. 1986. All cases were male. The symmetric depression was in 4 cases, asymmetric one was in one case. The chief complaints were dyspnea on exertion, frequent U.R.I. and inferiority. The flail chest was developed in all cases, but it was insignificant in all cases except one who needed assist ventilation. Mediastinitis was developed in one case one week postoperatively but well managed with drainage. A distance from the posterior surface of sternum to the anterior surface of vertebral body was estimated preoperatively and postoperatively. Postoperative result was evaluated as the change of distance postoperatively. The change was 1.5cm minimally to 3.5cm maximally. Late results were "Excellent" in 3 cases and "Good" in 2 cases.uot; in 2 cases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1971

Three patients who sustained penetrating stab wound of the heart have been treated successfully by emergency thoracotomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chonnam University Hospital. There were two knife and one glass wound. The location of the injury were all on the right ventricle, but in one patient, it was penetrated to ventricular septum. All patients were in shock with a systolic pressure under 60 mmHg when admitted to the emergency room. In one of the three patients, blood pressure was not detectable and subsequently cardiac arrest. Two patients required immediate thoracotomy because of intrathoracic hemorrhage and increased pericardial tamponade and the other one required prompt thoracotomy because of sudden onset of cardiac arrest. There were no death postoperatively. Two patients are living without any complication in 4 years and 4 weeks after operation. One who had penetrating wound to ventricular septum, turned to cardiac decompensation, but he is living now in 4$\frac{1}{2}$ years after operation. Exploratory thoracotomy should be performed immediately in all the patients in whom a penetrating wound of the heart or pericardial tamponade following a penetrating wound of the chest wall is suspected.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.486-494
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• 2004

본 연구는 all-in-one adhesive를 사용하여 전색하는 술식을 통상적인 탈회 술식 및 single-bottle 결합제를 이용하여 전색하는 술식과 비교하여 법랑질과 전색재 사이의 미세누출의 차이를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 75개의 제3대구치를 5군으로 나누어 1군을 대조군으로 하여 only Etching(1군), $Adper^{TM}$ Single $Bond^{TM}$(2군), $Adper^{TM}\;Prompt^{TM}$ L-Pop(3군), Ad-bond(4군), One-up bond F(5군)로 처리한 후 전색재 도포 후 열순환을 시 행한 뒤 미세누출도를 검사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. All-in-one adhesive를 사용한 3, 4, 5군은 1군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 평균미세누출도를 보였다(p<0.05). 2. 가장 낮은 평균미세누출도는 2군(0.14)에서 보였고 1군(1.05), 3군(1.65), 4군(2.85), 5군(3.05) 순으로 증가하였다. 3. All-in-one adhesive를 사용한 3, 4, 5군중에서 3군은 4, 5군에 비해 통계적으로 유의성 있게 낮은 평균미세누출 도를 보여주었지만(p<0.05) 1군과 2군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 평균값을 보여주었다(p<0.05). 4. 4군과 5군 사이의 평균미세누출도는 통계적으로 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 5. 주사전자현미경관찰결과 all-in-one adhesive를 사용한 3, 4, 5군은 1, 2군에 비해 레진돌기가 짧고 불규칙하게 관찰되었다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.287-300
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to review materials that could provide basic data about sports brassieres. In this study, 486 sports brassieres were collected online from 31 brands between November 2015 and February 2016. First, the comparison of compression and encapsulation in sports brassieres identified many different styles. The characteristics of compression brassieres included a cut cup, the front center height of a full cup, round neckline, short front hem, all in one shoulder strap with a patterned racerback design, all in one closure, no wire, and separation cup styles. The characteristics of encapsulation brassieres included a V-shape neckline, mixed round shoulder strap design, back closure, and all in one cup. Second, the comparison of domestic and international sports brassieres sorted the items differently. The characteristics of domestic products included compression brassieres, non-cut cup, the front center height of a full cup, round neckline, short front hem, an all in one shoulder strap with a patterned round design, all in one closure, no wire, and a separation cup. The characteristics of international products included a cut up, racerback shoulder strap design, and an all in one cup. Third, the analysis of domestic and international sports brassieres sizes found that six options were available for domestic compression sports brassieres and nine sizes were available for international products. Domestic encapsulation sports brassieres offered five under bust sizes and five cup sizes. International products offered eight under bust sizes and sixteen cup sizes.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제43권7호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2006

곱셈기의 효율성은 정규 기저(normal basis), 다항식 기저(polynomial basis), 쌍대 기저(dual basis), 여분 표현(redundant representation) 등과 같은 유한체 원소의 표현 방법에 주로 의존한다. 특히 여분 표현에서의 제곱 및 모듈로 감산(modular reduction)은 단순한 방법에 의해 효율적으로 수행될 수 있기 때문에, 여분 표현은 흥미로운 유한체 표현 방법이다. 본 논문은 여분 표현을 사용한 기약인 all-one 다항식에 의해 정의된 GF(Zm)에서의 효율적인 비트-병렬 곱셈기를 제안한다. 또한 제안된 비트-병렬 곱셈기의 효율성을 향상시키기 위해, Karatsuba에 의해 제안된 잘 알려진 곱셈 방법을 변형한다. 결과로써, 제안된 곱셈기는 all-one 다항식을 사용한 기존의 알려진 곱셈기들과 비교해 적은 공간 복잡도(space complexity)를 가지는 반면에, 제안된 곱셈기의 시간 복잡도(time complexity)는 기존의 곱셈기와 유사하다.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2000

대단히 많은 수의 퍼지 규칙을 갖거나 대용량의 퍼지 데이터를 갖는 퍼지 전문가 시스템 또는 퍼지 데이터베이스 시스템에서는 많은 추론 시간을 요구한다. 따라서 이러한 추론 시간을 줄이기 위해서는 고성능 병렬 퍼지 컴퓨팅 환경을 필요로 한다. 본 온문에서는 병렬 컴퓨팅 환경에서 병렬 퍼지 추론 기법을 제안한다. 여기에서 퍼지 규칙은 분산되어 있고 동시에 수행된다. ONE_TO_ALL 알고리즘은 모든 노드에 퍼지 입력 백터를 broadcasting하는데 사용한다. MIN/MAX 연산의 결과는 ALL_TO_ONE 알고리즘에 의해 출력 프로세서로 전송된다. 퍼지 규칙 또는 데이터의 병렬 처리로 인해, 병렬 추론 알고리즘은 효과적인 병렬성의 추출 및 속도 향상을 가져온다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.397-414
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• 2003

The performance of one-particle stochastic Lagrangian models for passive tracer dispersion are evaluated against measurements in horizontally-homogeneous neutrally-stratified atmospheric surface layer. State-of-the-technology models as well as classical Langevin models, all in class of well mixed models are numerically implemented for inter-model comparison study. Model results (far-downstream asymptotic behavior and vertical profiles of the time averaged concentrations, concentration fluxes, and concentration fluctuations) are compared with the reported measurements. The results are: 1) the far-downstream asymptotic trends of all models except Reynolds model agree well with Garger and Zhukov's measurements. 2) profiles of the average concentrations and vertical concentration fluxes by all models except Reynolds model show good agreement with Raupach and Legg's experimental data. Reynolds model produces horizontal concentration flux profiles most close to measurements, yet all other models fail severely. 3) With temporally correlated emissions, one-particle models seems to simulate fairly the concentration fluctuations induced by plume meandering, when the statistical random noises are removed from the calculated concentration fluctuations. Analytical expression for the statistical random noise of one-particle model is presented. This study finds no indication that recent models of most delicate theoretical background are superior to the simple Langevin model in accuracy and numerical performance at well.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 1990

Forty extracted human mandibular second molars with C-shaped canal were chosen to study the anatomy of the root canal. The experimental teeth were injected with china ink, decalcified and cleared with Winter green oil, in vitro, to study the number of root, root canal, canal per root, frequency and location of lateral canal and transverse anastomosis. 1. All teedth had one root. 2. Mesial roots with two canals were 25%, and mesial roots with one canal were 75%. All distal roots had one canal. 3. In the roots with two canals, the common apical foramen appeared in 20% and the separte apical foramen appeared in 80%. 4. The frequence of lateral canal was 33.3% and the most frequent region was middle 1/3. 5. All teeth had the transverse anastomosis in all region of the roots.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.595-605
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• 1986

From February 1986 through September 1986, the authors have experienced 6 cases of coronary artery bypass graft for patients with unstable angina. There were five males and one female who ranged from 39 to 65 years [mean, 53.3 years]. The extent of coronary disease was as follows: one-, two- and three-vessel diseases, all 2 cases respectively, and among them, 1 case had left main disease. Distal anastomoses were performed first with using saphenous vein grafts as conduits in all cases and sequential bypass methods were employed in 5 cases. Numbers of vein grafts were two in 2 cases and one in 4 cases. The mean time wasted for one distal anastomosis was 36 minutes. Post operative complications were leg-wound disruption [2 cases], transient psychosis [1 case] and perioperative myocardial infarction [MI] [1 case]. Sixty three year-old male patient associated with cardiomegaly, prior MI, ventricular arrhythmia, cardiac dysfunction and endocrinologic diseases preoperatively was expired in the operating room due to perioperative Ml. All survivors were asymptomatic and on discontinuing medical therapy on follow-up varying from 1 to 8 months.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.549-557
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• 2016

In this paper we propose multiclassification method for large data sets by ensembling least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) with principal components instead of raw input vector. We use the revised one-vs-all method for multiclassification, which is one of voting scheme based on combining several binary classifications. The revised one-vs-all method is performed by using the hat matrix of LS-SVM ensemble, which is obtained by ensembling LS-SVMs trained using each random sample from the whole large training data. The leave-one-out cross validation (CV) function is used for the optimal values of hyper-parameters which affect the performance of multiclass LS-SVM ensemble. We present the generalized cross validation function to reduce computational burden of leave-one-out CV functions. Experimental results from real data sets are then obtained to illustrate the performance of the proposed multiclass LS-SVM ensemble.