• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.929-934
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• 2000

Optimum stand density of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varies with locations and climates. Stand density is one of the factors that determines herbage yield, forage quality and persistence of alfalfa. As establishment costs increase, the question arises whether present population densities are optimum for obtaining maximum herbage yield and forage quality. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine the optimum plant density for highest herbage yield and forage quality for the dehydrated alfalfa industry under Edmontons climatic conditions in Alberta, Canada; 2) to compare herbage yield and forage quality of the cultivars 'Algonquin' and 'Vernal' grown at a range of stand densities. Alfalfa seedlings of both cultivars were either transplanted at spacings of 6, 10, 15 and 25 cm or direct seeded at the 4.5 cm plant spacings, providing population densities of 494, 278, 100, 45 and $16plants/m^2$. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with a split-plot arrangement having three replicates; the main plots consisted of two alfalfa cultivars Algonquin and Vernal, and the sub-plots were the five population densities. The cultivar Vernal had significantly higher annual yield than did the cultivar Algonquin. There was no significant effect of plant density on herbage yield. There was no difference in crude protein (CP) between the two cultivars. At the first cut, there was a significant quadratic effect of plant density on CP content and the greatest CP occurred at the 100 plants/m2 density. Crude protein was not affected by plant density at the second cut. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were not affected by plant density. The cultivar Algonquin usually had a lower ADF and NDF than cultivar Vernal. In conclusion, high population densities ($278plants/m^2$ or more) of alfalfa did not improve herbage yield and forage quality compared with low plant population densities ($100plants/m^2$ or less) of alfalfa.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.167-176
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• 1999

본 연구는 알팔파의 품종과 재식밀도가 식물의 형태, 월동 및 내한성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 주구는 알팔파 품종('Vernal'과 'Algonquin')과, 세구는 재식밀도(16, 45, 100, 278과 $494plants/m^{-2}$)로 분할구 배치법으로 캐나다 앨버타주의 애드먼톤에서 수행되었다. 식물 지상부의 형태는 재식밀도의 영향을 받았으며, 밀도가 증가함에 따라 식물 개체당 줄기수, 줄기당 무게, 개체당 무게, 그리고 줄기의 직경이 유의적으로 감소하였다. 월동률은 식물 개체수가 45개 이하에서 100%를 보였으며, 그 이상의 식물 재식밀도에서는 유의적으로 낮은 월동률을 보였다. 뿌리에 있는 비구조 저장탄수화물(TNC)의 양은 식물 재식밀도가 증가할수록 유의성있게 감소하였다. 가장 낮은 LT50은 25cm의 식물간격을 지닌 개체 수가 16개인 처리구와, 가장 높은 LT50은 4.5cm의 식물간격을 지닌 개체 수가 494개인 처리구에서 각각 관찰되었다. 그러나 알팔파 Vernal과 Algonquin 두 품종간 식물형태, 월동률 및 내한성은 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 결론적으로 높은 재식밀도 즉, 평방미터당 식물개체 수가 278개 이상인 처리구는 낮은 재식밀도에 비해 알팔파의 월동률과 내한성에 있어서 전혀 유리한 점이 없었다.

• ALGAE
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.195-206
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• 2021

Increasing inputs of dissolved organic matter (DOM) to northern lakes is resulting in 'lake browning.' Lake browning profoundly affects phytoplankton community composition by modifying two important environmental drivers-light and nutrients. The impact of increased DOM on native isolates of red and green-pigmented cyanobacteria identified as Pseudanabaena, which emerged from a Dolichospermum bloom (Dickson Lake, Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada) in 2015, were examined under controlled laboratory conditions. The genomes were sequenced to identify phylogenetic relatedness and physiological similarities, and the physical and chemical effects of increased DOM on cellular performance and competitiveness were assessed. Our study findings were that the isolated red and green phenotypes are two distinct species belonging to the genus Pseudanabaena; that both isolates remained physiologically unaffected when grown independently under defined DOM regimes; and that neither red nor green phenotype achieved a competitive advantage when grown together under defined DOM regimes. While photosynthetic pigment diversity among phytoplankton offers niche-differentiation opportunities, the results of this study illustrate the coexistence of two distinct photosynthetic pigment phenotypes under increasing DOM conditions.