• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제70권4호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2011

After an outbreak of H1N1 influenza A virus infection in Mexico in late March 2009, the World Health Organization raised its pandemic alert level to phase 6, and to the highest level in June 2009. The pandemic H1N1/A influenza was caused by an H1N1 influenza A virus that represents a quadruple reassortment of two swine strains, one human strain, and one avian strain of influenza. After the first case report of H1N1/A infection in early May 2009, South Korea was overwhelmed by this new kind of influenza H1N1/A pandemic, which resulted in a total of 700,000 formally reported cases and 252 deaths. In this article, clinical characteristics of victims of H1N1/A influenza infection, especially those who developed pneumonia and those who were cared for in the intensive care unit, are described. In addition, guidelines for the treatment of H1N1/A influenza virus infection victims in the ICU, which was suggested by the Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine, are introduced.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.168-171
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• 2019

The treatment outcome remains poor of severe facial injuries because of the high risk of compromised airway or massive bleeding. We experienced two successful treatment cases of severe facial injury by the chainsaw. A 52-year-male had his face injured by the chainsaw during his work. He was transferred to the Level I trauma center using the Doctor-Helicopter. During his flight, bleeding control was tried and the information was given to the trauma surgeons before his arrival. His consciousness was alert and the vital signs were stable. The crushing wound, mandible open fracture, deep laceration of tongue, lip, neck and arterial bleeding were noted around his mandible. Nasotracheal intubation was performed under the bronchoscope-guided. Emergency operation (open reduction & internal fixation, primary repair with neurorrhaphy) was performed. At 30 hospital days, he was discharged with facial palsy on left mandibular area. A 30-year-male had his face injured by the chainsaw. He was transferred to our Level I trauma center from the local hospital. The deep-mutiple lacerations on right upper eyelid and forehead with the bony exposure were noted. The vital signs were stable and emergency operation was performed. He was discharged at 20 hospital days. Bone loss or tissue loss were not devastating than we expected even though the injury was occurred by the chainsaw. Aggressive treatment including airway manipulation or bleeding control and maximal opportunity of therapy are absolutely needed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2024

This paper presents a fully automated stand-alone irrigation system with GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) module. Solar energy is utilized to power the system and it is aimed to conserve water by reducing water losses. The system is based on a DC water pump that draws energy from solar panels along with automated water flow control using a moisture sensor. It is also fitted with alert and protection system that consists of an ultrasonic sensor and GSM messages sender that transmits signals showing the levels of the water in the reservoir and the battery charge. The control system is designed to stop the water pump from pumping water either when the battery level drops to equal or less than 10% of its full charge, or when the water level becomes less than 10 cm high in the reservoir. The experimental results revealed that the system is appropriate to use in remote areas with water scarcity and away from the national grid.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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• pp.517-517
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• 2023

현재 우리나라에서는 4대강 및 주요 호소 29지점을 대상으로 조류경보제가 시행되고 있으며 조류 경보 단계는 실시간 모니터링지점에서 측정되는 유해 조류의 셀농도를 기반으로 발령 단계가 결정된다. 상수원 구간은 관심, 경계, 조류 대발생, 해제 또는 미발생 총 4구간으로 구성되며, 친수 활동 구간의 경우 조류 대발생을 제외한 3구간으로 구성된다. 현재 시행되는 조류 경보제의 목적은 유해 조류 발생 시 사후 대응 방안 마련에 보다 초점이 맞춰져 있으며 특히, 모니터링 주기 확대 여부, 오염원 관리 방안 마련, 조류 제거 여부 등의 의사 결정 수단으로 사용되고 있다. 하지만 조류 경보 단계에 대한 사전 예측이 가능한 경우 유해 조류의 성장을 억제할 수 있으며 이를 통해 안전하고 깨끗한 수자원을 확보할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 조류 경보 단계의 사전적 예측을 위해 국가 실시간 측정망에서 제공하는 전국 보 모니터링 종합 정보 자료, 기상측정망 자료, 실시간 보 현황 자료를 활용하여 예측 모델을 구축하였다. 또한, 단계 예측의 정확도를 개선하기 위해 변수 선택 기법을 활용하여 조류 경보 단계에 영향을 미치는 환경변수를 선정하였으며 자료의 불균형으로 인해 모델 학습 과정에서 발생하는 예측 오류를 최소화하기 위해 다양한 샘플링 기법을 적용하여 모델의 성능을 평가하였다. 변수 선택 및 샘플링 기법을 고려하지 않은 원자료를 사용하여 예측 모델을 구축한 결과 관심 단계(Level-1) 및 경보 단계(Level-2)에 대해 각각 50%, 62.5%의 예측 정확도를 보인 반면 비선형 변수 선택 기법 및 Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique-Edited Nearrest Neighbor(SMOTE-ENN) 샘플링 기법을 적용하여 구축한 모델에서는 Level-1은 85.7%, Level-2는 75.0%의 예측 정확도를 보였다.

• 한국빅데이터학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2023

최근에 우리나라에서 뿐만 아니라, 세계 곳곳에서 태풍, 산불, 장마 등으로 인한 재해가 끊이지 않고 있고, 우리나라 태풍 및 호우로 인한 재산 피해액만 1조원이 넘고 있다. 이러한 재난으로 인해 많은 인명 및 물적 피해가 발생하고, 복구하는 데도 상당한 기간이 걸리며, 정부 예비비도 부족한 실정이다. 이러한 문제점들을 사전에 예방하고 효과적으로 대응하기 위해서는 우선 정확한 데이터를 실시간 수집하고 분석하는 작업이 필요하다. 그러나, 센서들이 위치한 환경, 통신 네트워크 및 수신 서버들의 상황에 따라 지연 및 데이터 손실 등이 발생할 수 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 이러한 통신네트워크 상황에서도 분석을 정확하게 할 수 있는 2단계 하이브리드 상황 분석 및 예측 알고리즘을 제안한다. 1단계에서는 이기종의 다양한 센서로부터 강, 하천, 수위 및 경사지의 경사각 데이터를 수집/필터링/정제하여 빅데이터 DB에 저장하고, 인공지능 규칙기반 추론 알고리즘을 적용하여, 위기 경보 4단계를 판단한다. 강수량이 일정값 이상인데도 불구하고 1단계 결과가 관심 이하 단계에 있으면, 2단계 딥러닝 영상 분석을 수행한 후 최종 위기 경보단계를 결정한다.

• 한국빅데이터학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.125-138
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• 2020

COVID-19 확산 이후 국가 위기경보 단계가 최고 수준인 4단계로 올라갔다. 우리나라의 경우, 대구에서 발생한 집단 감염으로 인하여 경북지역에서 코로나 확진자가 급증하면서 전국적으로 확산되어 갔다. 코로나 확산에 따라 정부 및 각 지자체에서는 시민들의 불안감과 경제적 어려움을 해소하고자 지원 대책을 마련하였다. 부산시도 시민들의 정책 수요를 파악한 결과, 공공요금 인하, 기본소득 지급, 소상공인 경영지원 강화 등의 정책에 대한 수요가 다수를 차지하였다. 시민들의 수요를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 코로나 전·후의 데이터를 패턴 분석하여 부산시 구/군별 업종별 시계열 군집화를 통해 경제적 지원에 있어 선제적 관점을 제공한다. 또한 향후 전염병과 재난 발생 시 예방 및 정책 방향을 설정하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권2호
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• pp.74-84
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• 2016

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are emerging pathogens that affect both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. The incidence and prevalence of NTM lung disease are increasing worldwide and rapidly becoming a major public health problem. For the diagnosis of NTM lung disease, patients suspected to have NTM lung disease are required to meet all clinical and microbiologic criteria. The development of molecular methods allows the characterization of new species and NTM identification at a subspecies level. Even after the identification of NTM species from respiratory specimens, clinicians should consider the clinical significance of such findings. Besides the limited options, treatment is lengthy and varies by species, and therefore a challenge. Treatment may be complicated by potential toxicity with discouraging outcomes. The decision to start treatment for NTM lung disease is not easy and requires careful individualized analysis of risks and benefits. Clinicians should be alert to those unique aspects of NTM lung disease concerning diagnosis with advanced molecular methods and treatment with limited options. Current recommendations and recent advances for diagnosis and treatment of NTM lung disease are summarized in this article.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.16-24
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• 2012

This paper proposes a method utilizing Differential Global Position System (DGPS) with Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) and pre-built Geo-graphic Information System (GIS) to detect lane departure of a vehicle. The position of a vehicle measured by DGPS with RTK has 18 cm-level accuracy. The preconditioned GIS data giving accurate position information of the traffic lanes is used to set up coordinate system and to enable fast calculation of the relative position of the vehicle within the traffic lanes. This relative position can be used for safe driving by preventing the vehicle from departing lane carelessly. The proposed system can be a key component in functions such as vehicle guidance, driver alert and assistance, and the smart highway that eventually enables autonomous driving supporting system. Experimental results show the ability of the system to meet the accuracy and robustness to detect lane departure of a vehicle at high speed.

• 천문학회보
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.36.3-37
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• 2018

We present a new catalog of hard X-ray sources detected in the first 105 months of observations with the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on board the Neil Gehrels Swift observatory. The 105 month Swift-BAT survey is a uniform hard X-ray all-sky survey performed in the 14-195 keV band. The Swift-BAT 105 month catalog provides 1632 (422 new detections) hard X-ray sources in the 14 - 195 keV band above the 4.8 sigma significance level. Adding to the previously known hard X-ray sources, 34% (144/422) of the new detections are identified as Seyfert AGN in nearby galaxies (z < 0.2). The majority of the remaining identified sources are X-ray binaries (7%, 31) and blazars/BL Lac objects (10%, 43). As part of this new edition of the Swift-BAT catalog, we release eight-channel spectra and monthly sampled light curves for each object in the online journal and at the Swift-BAT 105 month Web site.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze physiological changes via a cold air reaction experiment to generate basic data that are useful for the development of an automobile active air conditioning system to prevent drowsiness. The $CO_2$ concentration causing drowsiness in vehicle operation was kept below a certain level. Air was blown to the driver's face by using an indoor air cooling apparatus. Sleepiness and the arousal state of the driver in cold wind were measured by physiological signals. It was evident in the EEG that alpha waves decreased and beta waves increased, caused by cold air stimulation. The ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ ratio was reduced by about 52.9% and an alert state confirmed. In the electrocardiogram analysis, the efficiency of cold air stimulation was confirmed by the mean heart rate interval change. The R-R interval had a delay time of about one minute compared to the EEG response. The findings confirmed an arousal effect from sleepiness due to cold air stimulation.