• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate nutritional knowledge, practice of eating behavior guidelines, and problematic dietary habits in working high school students in comparison with non-working high school students. A survey questionnaire was formulated to obtain information on demographic variables, body size, part-time jobs, nutritional knowledge, practice of eating behavior guidelines, and dietary habits. The developed questionnaire was given out to 515 students attending a vocational high school in Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do. Those who had been working 5 hours or more per day for at least a month at the time of survey administration were defined as working students for this study. Proportions of working students were similar between male and female students (i.e. 49.5% for male, 50.5% for female). No significant difference was found in scores of nutritional knowledge between working ($8.43{\pm}2.29$) and non-working students ($8.60{\pm}2.19$). However, some dietary habits were found to be dependent on working status. While approximately 43% of non-working students reported skipping a meal, about 57% of working students did so (p<0.01). The proportion of students with any drinking experience was significantly higher among working students (92%) compared to non-working students (80%) (p<0.001). Working students were found to drink alcoholic beverages more often than non-working students (p<0.001). The mean score of practice of eating behavior guidelines was lower in working students than non-working students. The magnitude of this difference was modest ($51.33{\pm}0.63$ in working students, $53.40{\pm}0.51$ in non-working students), but reached statistical significance (p<0.01). Based on the findings from this study, it is suggested that specific behavior-oriented messages to improve certain problematic dietary habits need to be directed toward working high school students.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2005

In order to investigate the differences in nutrient intakes and eating habits between people living alone and people living together with family or others by age group, dietary survey data of the subjects aged 20 years or older from 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed. Living status of the subjects was defined as 'single' when the subjects' household member was one person. Age, gender, income, education were adjusted during the comparative analysis. The subjects living alone had diets with lower score of nutritional adequacy ratio and lower quality, and drank more alcoholic beverages when compared with the subjects living together. Females were more greatly affected in dietary intakes by living alone situation than males. Of the four age groups, a group with ages from 30 to 39 years showed less nutrient intake patterns in persons living alone than in persons living together, but the rest three groups with ages from 20 to 29, from 50 to 64, and 65 or older did not show any significant differences. Eating habits of the subjects living alone, such as skipping meals, kinds of snacks, dining-out, were worse as a whole than the other. In conclusion, single living particularly of females or of 30 to 39 years of age group had negative influences on dietary intakes and behavior. There may be statistical errors if socioeconomic and demographic factors such as age, gender, income, and education are not controlled in the population study investigating the effect of living alone on dietary intakes. Further studies will be needed to know the age-specific reasons for the worse nutrient intakes of single living persons.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.556-567
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• 1997

The health-related habits dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes of the elderly living in Cheongju were investigated by interviews with a questionnaire from August to September in 1996. The responses of 169 free-living elderly aged over 65(male 91, female 78) were analyzed. Thirty-six percent of the subjects smoked currently, 33$\%$, drank alcoholic beverages, and 52$\%$ exercise regularly. Exercise was mostly in the from of walking for $\frac{1}{2}$-1 hour. Significantly higher proportions of males smoked, drank, and exercised as compared to females. Food groups eaten at every meal were examined on a 5-point scale, and the consumption scores were compared with groups according to sex, age, smoking, drinking, and exercise habits. The elderly who exercised regularly got significantly higher scores in their calcium intakes and the variety of the 6 food groups than the elderly who did not exercise. The dietary assessment data showed that the energy intakes of males and females were 81.9$\%$and 72.8$\%$ of the RDAs, respectively. The proportions of the elderly consuming less than 75$\%$ of RDAs of vitamin A and calcium were 96.5$\%$ and 91.1$\%$ of the total subjects, respectively. Higher educational status, more pocket money and regular exercise had positive effects on nutrient intakes, while smoking and drinking among females, but not males, had negative effects. Therefore, to improve nutritional status of the elderly, intake of vitamin A-and calcium-rich food such as milk with regular exercise should be emphasized on the education program. (Korean J Community Nutrition 2(4) : 556-567, 1997)

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2483-2486
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• 2013

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of tobacco smoking, toombak dipping and alcohol consumption as risk factors for cancer in the adult population of the northern state of Sudan. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey from March to April 2010, covering 963 adults, was performed. Result: Only 207 had responded, and the male female prevalence was 20.8% and 0.73%. Out of 207 respondents, 29.5% had smoked tobacco in their lifetime, 38% were toombak dippers, while 14% were consumers of alcoholic beverages. Conclusions: The prevalence of toombak dipping was higher than tobacco smoking among the adult population in the northern state of Sudan. Female participation in tobacco and alcohol related studies was found to suffer from major obstacles since these habits are considered as social stigma. Appreciation of the full impact of smoking on population health will definitely make a major contribution to improvement of the poor public health situation in Sudan.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2020

This study was conducted to identify the impact factors of bicycle driving under the influence (DUI) among Korean adults. The participants were 1,297 Korean adults. The prevalence of bicycle DUI was 11.7% of Korea adults. The factors affecting bicycle DUI were gender, education level, frequency of drinking, one-time drinking, vehicle DUI. To prevent bicycle DUI, we would need to facilitate appropriate drinking habits, provide treatments for disorders related to alcohol use, and change the social perception of bicycle DUI. Also, we should promote the establishment of the culture of bicycle helmet use, the establishment of a system that imposes fine to non-helmet-using riders, and education and publicity on the national level to recognize that bicycle DUI and DUI are mutually related.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.681-689
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 대학생의 음주 여부에 따른 식습관을 조사하여 앞으로 어떻게 개선해 나갈 것인가에 대해 살펴보았다. 전체 355명(남자 188명, 여자 167명)의 대학생을 대상으로 음주 여부에 따른 식습관 조사를 실시한 결과, 음주를 하는 비율은 남자 94.1%, 여자 93.4%로 나타났고, 이중 19세 이하 음주 비율이 남녀 모두 94.4%로 나타났다. 학년은 1학년이 가장 많았는데, 이 중 음주를 하는 비율은 95.3%로 나타났다. 음주 여부에 있어서 식습관의 차이는 크게 보이지 않았다. 점심 식사를 함께 하는 사람은 음주, 비 음주 집단의 각각 55.9%, 59.1%가 가족보다는 친구와 함께 식사를 하였고, 음주 집단 내에서 식사 소요 시간은 남자는 10분 미만(20.9%), 여자는 20~30분 미만(35.3%)이라는 응답이 나타나, 여자의 식사시간이 10~20분 정도 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 또한 결식률은 음주, 비 음주 집단 각각 49.5%, 54.5%가 아침 식사는 가끔 먹는다가 가장 많았고, 저녁 식사의 경우 꼭 먹는다의 비율이 각각 59.2%, 68.2%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 음주 집단 내에서 남자(29.9%)보다 여자(47.4%)가 저녁을 가끔 먹는다는 응답이 많아 여학생의 다이어트에 의한 저녁 결식률이 높음을 알 수 있었다(p<0.01). 아침 식사 형태는 음주, 비 음주 집단 각각 83.5%, 83.4%로 밥이 가장 많았고, 비 음주 집단 내에서 남자는 주로 학교식당(63.6%)에서, 여자는 주로 학교 밖 음식점(72.7%)에서 점심 식사를 한다는 응답이 더 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 음주 집단 내에서 과식 횟수는 여자는 주 1~2회(61.5%), 남자는 과식을 거의 하지 않는다(27.7%)라고 나왔다(p<0.05). 주요 식품군 섭취율에 있어서 음주 및 비 음주, 남자와 여자의 차이가 크게 나타나진 않았다. 곡류 및 전분류는 매일(음주 61.3%, 비음주 61.4%), 육류 및 육류 가공품(음주 40.8%, 비음주 40.3%), 채소(음주 33.0%, 비음주 32.7%) 및 과일류(음주 27.9%, 비음주 29.1%)는 주 3~4회 섭취한다는 응답이 가장 많았다. 우유 및 유제품의 경우에는 음주 집단(주 1~2회 28.5%)보다 비 음주 집단이 주 3~4회(31.8%)로 섭취횟수가 높게 나타났으며, 음주 집단 내에서 여자(주 1~2회 26.3%)보다 남자(매일 섭취한다 31.1%)의 섭취횟수가 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 유지 및 당류는 음주, 비 음주 각각 33.3%, 36.4%로 주 1~2회 섭취하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 대부분의 남녀 학생들이 음주를 하는 경향이 있으며, 음주 여부에 따른 식습관의 차이보다는 성별에 따른 식습관이 다르게 나타나는 것을 볼 수 있다. 이에 따라 대학생 시기의 올바른 식습관 확립 및 균형 잡힌 식품 섭취를 통해 건강한 생활을 영위할 수 있도록 학교나 지역 사회 및 정부 차원에서 지속적이고 체계적인 영양 교육이 필요하다. 또한 일단 성립된 바람직하지 않은 식습관은 쉽게 변화하지 않으므로 이론 위주의 영양 교육보다는 실제적인 행동변화를 유도할 수 있는 적극적인 영양 교육 프로그램이 필요하다. 바람직한 식생활 영위를 위해서 영양소 및 식품에 관한 지식을 전달하는 것뿐만 아니라, 영양적으로 균형 잡힌 식사를 하려는 적극적인 태도 및 실천 의욕을 고취시키고, 그 점을 개선하고자 하는 식행동으로 변화를 유도할 수 있는 영양 교육의 기회 부여가 절실히 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.515-522
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutrient intake, dietary habits and serum lipid profiles of smoking male college students to those of non-smoking subjects. The subjects were composed of two group: 111 smokers and 120 non-smokers was used along with a questionnaire. Anthropometric measure, dietary intakes using 24-hours recall method were compared. The average ages of smokers and non-smokers were 21.6 and 21.1 years old, respectively. The height, weight and BMI of smokers and non-smokers were no significant difference. The average numbers of smoked cigarettes were 15.9/d and the average packyear was 4.9 in the smokers. About 92.8% of the smokers drank alcoholic beverages, while 72.5% of the non-smokers did. The smokers tended to eat less breakfast meal, but drink coffee more often compared to the non-smokers. The mean daily energy and food intake were 2,135.8 kcal and 1,169.5 g in the smokers and 2,034.3 kcal and 1,229.4 g in the non-smokers. The smokers consumed significantly higher intake of fat. The serum triglyceride level of the smokers was significantly higher than that of the non-smokers. In conclusion, the smokers of this study showed a more undesirable dietary intake in the light of their high Int an alcoholic beverages, and coffee. Therefore, it could be suggested that more systematic research be conducted with respect to serum triglyceride and smoking and that increased nutrition education and guidelines for smokers are required.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2011

Because excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages may reduce the quality of nutritional intake, this study examined the consumption patterns of commercial beverages, lifestyle, dietary habits, and perception of sweet taste. Participants were 407 male university students in Kyeooggido, Korea, and information was collected by self-administered questionnaire. Among them, 58 nonsmokers volunteered to participate in the taste test. Participants were divided into three groups according to the frequency of commercial beverage consumptions: 120 rare (< 1 serving/week), 227 moderate (1-3 servings/week) and 133 frequent (> 3 servings/week) consumption groups. More subjects from the rare consumption group chose water, tea, and soy milk, and more from the frequent consumption group chose carbonated soft drinks and coffee (P=0.031) as their favorite drinks. Frequent consumption group consumed fruit juice, coffee, and sports and carbonated soft drinks significantly more often (P=0.002, P=0.000, P=0.000, respectively), but not milk and tea. Frequent consumption group consumed beverages casually without a specific occasion (P=0.000) than rare consumption group. Frequent drinking of commercial beverages was associated with frequent snacking (P=0.002), meal skipping (P=0.006), eating out (P=0.003), eating delivered foods (P=0.000), processed foods (P=0.001), and sweets (P=0.002), and drinking alcoholic beverages (P=0.029). Frequent consumption group tended to have a higher threshold of sweet taste without reaching statistical significance. The results provide information for developing strategies for evidence-based nutrition education program focusing on reducing consumption of unnecessary sugar-sweetened commercial beverages.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.257-264
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• 1999

This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between the life style and the nutritional status of serum antioxidant vitamins and lipids in university male and female students. 48 male and 49 female students attending Andong university, aged between 18 and 25 years, were selected. Questions about the life styles including dietary intakes, food habits, smoking, drinking alcohol, exercise, stress were answered. And serum levels of antioxidant vitamins and lipids were determined. Average serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL C, HDL C, and triglyceride in male and female subjects were 158.6$\pm$32.7, 177.3$\pm$33.8; 86.4$\pm$26.0, 109.0$\pm$31.2; 46.0$\pm$10.7, 49.9$\pm$12.4; 131.2$\pm$22.5, 91.7$\pm$ 38.6mg/dl respectively. Average serum levels of antioxidant vitamin A, E and C in male and female subjects were 42.6$\pm$12.3, 31.4$\pm$9.8 g/dl, 1.11$\pm$0.38, 1.15$\pm$0.29mg/dl and 164.66 $\pm$65.01, 220.06$\pm$80.11 g/dl respectively. There was no significant difference between smoking habits and either serum lipids or antioxidant vitamins level. The serum vitamin C level of drinkers was significantly lower(p=0.038), but serum lipids(total cholesterol, LDL C, and triglyceride) were higher than non alcoholic subjects. The subjects with severe stress had lower in HDL C and higher in atherogenic index than others. This result indicates that oxidative stress may be increased in stressful environment from undesirable life styles and influence the status of serum lipid and antioxidant vitamins.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that influence problematic drinking among adolescents in South Korea. The first aim of this study was to examined the problematic drinking status according to ocio-demographics characteristics, mental-health, and health behavior factors. The second aim was to identify factors affecting problematic drinking. Methods: Using statistics from the $11^{th}$(2015) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, any variations among the subjects were presented by percentages and analyzed by $x^2$-tests, and then logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: In the final model, gender, economic status, weekly allowance, father's education level, experience of sadness, smoking, and consumption of high-caffeine drinks were all significantly associated with problematic drinking. Conclusions: Awareness of teenagers regarding the potential health effects of problematic drinking, in particular in regards to mixing smoking and high-caffeine drinks with consumption of alcoholic beverages, should be increased through health education. Teenagers need to be taught the physical and mental dangers of drinking. A program that can teach proper drinking habits and prevent excessive drinking is needed. It should be a national matter just like the smoking policy.