• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.995-999
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• 2007

This study assessed the characteristics of emission and cell toxicology of Methylethylketone(MEK) in ambient air of industrial area. MEK is produced by the oxidation of sec-butyl alcohol and used as the solvent for making ink, printing, coating of film, bonding material and drug extraction. The MEK concentrations in the ambient-air of industrial area in Gimhae City was detected in the range of $25.4{\sim}1,580{\mu}g/m^3$ with an average $297.4{\mu}g/m^3$. The concentration of MEK showed a descending tendency from April to August followed by its increased tendency since then. The effects of MEK on the human lung cancer A549 cells was examined by the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) and cytotoxicity. The range of MEK concentration detected in the area induced ROS generation affecting the oxidation state with a little effects on the viability of the cells.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.273-278
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to develop an efficient quantitative method for the determination of acetaldehyde (AA) and formaldehyde (FA) contents in solid and liquid food matrices. The determination of those compounds was validated and performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined by solid phase micro-extraction after derivatization with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro-benzyl)-hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Validation was carried out in terms of limit of detection, limit of quantitation, linearity, precision, and recovery. Then their contents were analyzed in various food samples including 15 fruits, 22 milk products, 31 alcohol-free beverages, and 13 alcoholic beverages. The highest contents of AA and FA were determined in a white wine (40,607.02 ng/g) and an instant coffee (1,522.46 ng/g), respectively.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 2011

Human state in human-machine systems highly affects the overall system performance, and should be detected and monitored. Physiological cues are essential indicators of human state and useful for the purpose of monitoring. The study presented in this paper was focused on developing a bio-inspired sensing system, i.e., Nano-Skin, to non-intrusively measure physiological cues on human-machine contact surfaces to detect human state. The paper is presented in three parts. The first part is to analyze the relationship between human state and physiological cues, and to introduce the conceptual design of Nano-Skin. Generally, heart rate, skin conductance, skin temperature, operating force, blood alcohol concentration, sweat rate, and electromyography are closely related with human state. They can be measured through human-machine contact surfaces using Nano-Skin. The second part is to discuss the technologies for skin temperature measurement. The third part is to introduce the design and manufacture of the Nano-Skin for skin temperature measurement. Experiments were performed to verify the performance of the Nano-Skin in temperature measurement. Overall, the study concludes that Nano-Skin is a promising product for measuring physiological cues on human-machine contact surfaces to detect human state.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.177-183
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• 2006

To demonstrate the effect of formulation conditions and evaluations of structural integrity from ovalbumin containing poly lactide glycolide copolymer (PLGA) microspheres for Vaccine delivery, OVA microspheres were prepared by a W/O/W multiple emulsion solvent extraction technique. Dichloromethan (DCM) and Ethyl acetate (EA) were applied as an organic phase and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) as a secondary emulsion stabilizer. Microspheres were characterized for particle size, morphology (optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)). Protein denaturation was evaluated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), SDS-PAGE and isoelectric focusing (IEF). Residual organic solvent was estimated by gas chromatography (GC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Optical photomicrograph and SEM revealed that micro spheres were typically spherical but various morphologies were observed. Mean particle size $(d_{vs})$ of microspheres were in the range of $3{\sim}50{\mu}m$. Also, The protein stability was not affected by the fonnulation process and residual organic solvent was beyond the detection below 0.1ppm. These results demonstrated that micro spheres might be a good candidate for the parenteral vaccine delivery system.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.192-201
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• 2014

A comprehensive profile of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in public spaces is needed for interpreting indoor air measurements. Seasonal differences in profiles are critical for epidemiological study and risk assessment. The purposes of this study were to establish profiles for individual VOCs in 50 indoor public places in Korea and to determine seasonal variations in their concentrations. Air samples were taken during working hours. Seventy-two of the 91 targeted VOCs were identified using multiple standards. Six VOCs detected in all summer and winter samples were toluene, acetone, m,p-xylenes, ethylbenzene, benzene, and styrene. In summer, methyl ethyl ketone and 1-butanol were also found in all samples. In both seasons, the dominant indoor VOCs were toluene, m,p-xylenes, ethylbenzene, acetone, and isopropyl alcohol. Other chemicals associated with gasoline emissions were dominant in summer. Limonene was dominant only in winter due to the consumption of tangerines. The nine VOCs with the highest concentrations comprised 64.8% and 49.6% of the TVOC in summer and winter, respectively. Comparing two types of adsorbent tube, a single adsorbent tube with Tenax-TA had similar detection performance as a double adsorbent tube with Tenax and Carbotrap.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.194-204
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• 2002

Purpose: This study is aimed at showing the effect of work-site health promotion programs for health promoting behavior, cholesterol, and quality of life of middle-aged workers. Method: Thirty-one middle-aged workers were the experimental group and thirty-one were the control group. The 8-week work-site health promotion program was given to the experimental group. After this, health promoting behavior, cholesterol and quality of life were measured by questionnaires for the experimental and control groups. Health promotion theory, flexibility and muscle strength, aerobic exercise, nutrition, stress management, cancer prevention and early detection, smoking and alcohol problems, and summary lecture were all included in the 8-week work-site health promotion program. Health promoting behavior was measured by Park's HPBS, cholesterol was measured by enzyme method, and quality of life was measured by Ro's QOL. Result: The experimental group showed a higher score of health promoting behavior than the control group. There were no differences on cholesterol and quality of life between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: It is necessary that nurses provide middle-aged workers with work-site health promotion programs to improve health promoting behavior. It's necessary also to re-study this with the pre-post research design.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.397-406
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• 2008

This paper reviews the published literature that is concerned with color vision impairment from industrial and environmental exposure to neurotoxic substances, and we evaluated whether testing for color vision impairment could be an affordable procedure for assessing these neurotoxic effects. In general, most cases of congenital color vision impairment are red-green, and blue-yellow impairment is extremely rare. However, most of the acquired color vision impairment that is related to age, alcohol or environmental factors is blue-yellow impairment. Therefore, many studies have been performed to identify this relationship between exposure to neurotoxic substances, such as organic solvents and heavy metals, and the prevalence of blue-yellow color vision impairment. The test for color vision impairment is known to be very sensitive to the early signs of nervous system dysfunction and this can be useful for making the early diagnosis of neurotoxic effects from exposure to very low concentrations of toxic substances.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.205-214
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• 1993

The monoclonal antibody to chloramphenicol(CAP) was produced to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) for residual CAP. An immunogen(CAP-BSA) was prepared by immunogen, antibody titer was measured by indirect ELISA. Spleen cells form the immunized mouse were fused with SP2/OAg14 myeloma cells. Among hybridomas selected in HAT media, 6 clones shown high antibody titer to CAP were subjected to cloning by limit dilution, and all of the monoclonal antibodies(MCA1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9) produced by each clone were identified as IgG1 by ELISA isotyping analysis. Competitive ELISA condition was established by using the purified monoclonal antibody MCA1 as primary antibody and CAP-HSA conjugate as coating antigen. Standard curve of CAP(n=28) showed that the lowest detection limit of CAP is 20ng/ml level. The cross-reactivities of the 6 monoclonal antibodies showed that CAP sodium succinate. CAP base, P-nitrophenol, and p-nitrobenzyl alcohol were 89∼178, 0.050∼2.237, 0.056∼0.794 and 0.013∼7.939%, respectively. No cross-reactivities were observed with phenylalanine, tyrosine, glutamine, thiamphenicol, neomycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole, chlortetracycline and p-aminobenzoic acid.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.165-172
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• 2013

A noncommunicable disease (NCD) is a medical condition or disease that is by definition non-infectious and non-transmissible among people. Currently, NCDs are the leading causes of death and disease burden worldwide. The four main types of NCDs, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, and diabetes, result in more than 30 million deaths annually. To reduce the burden of NCDs on global health, current public health actions stress the importance of preventing, detecting, and correcting modifiable risk factors; controlling major modifiable risk factors has been shown to effectively reduce NCD mortality. The World Health Organization's World Health Report 2002 identified tobacco use, alcohol consumption, overweight, physical inactivity, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol as the most important risk factors for NCDs. Accordingly, the present report set out to review the prevalence and trends of these modifiable risk factors in the Korean population. Over the past few decades, we observed significant risk factor modifications of improved blood pressure control and decreased smoking rate. However, hypertension and cigarette smoking remained the most contributable factors of NCDs in the Korean population. Moreover, other major modifiable risk factors show no improvement or even worsened. The current status and trends in major modifiable risk factors reinforce the importance of prevention, detection, and treatment of risk factors in reducing the burden of NCDs on individuals and society.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.100-100
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• 2019

This study attempted to establish a High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis method for the determination of (-)-epicatechin gallate as a part of the quality control for the development of functional cosmetic materials from Penthorum chinense Pursh extracts. HPLC was performed on a Unison US-C18 column ($4.6{\times}250mm$, $5{\mu}m$) with a gradient elution of 0.05% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and methyl alcohol at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at $30^{\circ}C$. The analyte was detected at 280 nm. The HPLC method was performed in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guideline (version 4, 2005) of analytical procedures with respect to specificity, precision, accuracy, and linearity. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.11 and 0.33 mg/mL, respectively. Calibration curves showed good linearity (r2 > 0.9999), and the precision of analysis was satisfied (less than 0.6%). Recoveries of quantified compounds ranged from 99.51 to 101.92%. This result indicates that the established HPLC method is very useful for the determination of marker compound in P. chinense Pursh extracts.