• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.260-266
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• 2020

Alcohol impacts many central nervous systems, such as dopamine, serotonin, opioids, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), leading to addiction. Many studies have investigated the relationship between GABA and alcoholism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of GABA high and low rice intake on the alcohol intake behavior of mice. Black sticky rice with giant embryo (BSRGE), black sticky rice (BSR), giant embryo rice (GER), and rice (Rice) were germinated for 48 hr in brown rice. The embryos were then collected and used in the study. The diets were fed to respective C57BL/6 mouse groups ad libitum for 16 days and investigated for 2 hr alcohol intake, 22 hr water intake, 24 hr feed intake, and body weight. As a result of the repeated measure of ANOVA for the daily change of alcohol intake for 2 hr daily between the BSRGE and BSR groups, there was a significant difference in the number of days of intake (DF = 7, F = 4.812, p = 0.026). A significant daily decrease in alcohol intake was observed in the BSRGE group compared to the BSR group. This reduction was consistent from Day 10 to Day 16. Alcohol consumption also significantly decreased in the GER group compared to the Rice group. This decrease was observed from Day 12 to Day 16. In conclusion, BSRGE and GER resulted in decreased alcohol intake in C57BL/6 mice compared to BSR and rice. This suggests that BSRGE may prevent relapse in patients with alcohol use disorder.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.604-614
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the acceptance commitment therapy program (ACT) on the psychological flexibility, self-compassion, recovery in alcohol dependents. The ACT program contains skills that establish acceptance and willingness, defusion, self-as-context, contact with the present moment, clarifying values, and committed action. This study was intended to enhance the effects on the psychological flexibility, self-compassion, recovery in alcohol dependents with ACT program. Fifteen inpatients with alcohol dependence were participated in the ACT group and the same number of participants were in the both CBT control group and TAU control group. The ACT program was held once a week, eight times, and each session was 90-minute long. Repeated measure of MANOVA and post-hoc were used to compare pre-test mean with post-test and with follow-up test mean. As a result of ACT program, positive changes were assured in the psychological flexibility including acceptance, cognitive defusion, being present, committed action and the increase of self-compassion and of recovery in alcoholics.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.215-223
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• 2019

Driving after drinking is highly likely to cause accidents due to lack of responsibility and poor judgment. South Korea is seeking a sentence for accidental drinking accidents. The suspended jail term for drunk drivers accounts for more than 70 percent of the total. However, those who come to the probation office during the probation period are involuntary, subject to little motivation for change, and the large-scale, collective, and short-term education offered to them is limited in preventing re-off. In addition to small group and long-term education, we conducted intensive short-term interventions to see changes in drinking habits in three months. In the long run, the effectiveness of drinking control will be demonsstrated, making a difference in improving the programs offered to drunk drivers in the future. Drunk driving accouts for a very high percentage of the causes of traffic accidents, which, like many countries around the world, should make efforts to prevent and punish drunk driving.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.69-74
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• 2022

Even after the drunk driving law was revised through the Yoon Chang-ho Act in 2019, the proportion of habitual offenders among all drunk drivers in 2021 was 4.7%, up 0.5% from 2018. In addition, drunk driving is not easily stopped due to the addiction of alcohol, and there is a high probability of recidivism in accidents as it is often driven again. Therefore, in this paper, to prevent this, when alcohol is measured using its own sensor rather than a manual police measure, the vehicle stops and related data such as the current location and time are automatically saved. Since it is not possible to develop directly on the car, this system was developed by converging various technologies and sensors such as Arduino board, Firebase, and GPS based on the IoT environment in consideration of the simulation environment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.524-535
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose was to identify the risk of drug use by adolescents. Method: The participants were 933 male students in the first grade of a high school in D city. The data were collected from Aug. 5th to Oct. 30th, 2004. The instrument was the High Risk Group Adolescent Drug User Screening Test(HIRIGADUST) developed by the Korea Adolescent Society(1996). The data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: For substance use, 64.5% of the students answered that they had drunk, 40.3% that they had smoked, and 2.0% that they had tried drug use. For scores on HIRIGADUST regarding socio-demographic characteristics, there were significant differences depending on school type, personality, academic performance, economic status, and ability to talk with parents. For scores on HIRIGADUST regarding drug using-related characteristics, there were significant differences depending on drinking experience, frequency of drinking, amount of alcohol intake, smoking experience and number of cigarettes smoked. Of the students 27.2% students were in the high risk group. Conclusion: In schools, systematic and intensive assessment of drug use should be done, and if needed, a service system connected to clinics specializing in drug addiction should be established. Prevention education should be carried out continuously.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.5-16
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• 2008

Several treatment programs putting mindfulness to practical use are being utilized in the various clinical settings as well as educational fields since 1980's. In this article, I studied several books and journals related with mindfulness and tried to show that mindfulness may have its neural circuits in the brain and can be utilized in the form of MBSR, MBCT, ACT, DBT not only to reduce stress and the symptoms of various psychosomatic conditions but to be applied to psychiatric illness such as, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, and eating disorders, predicting its usefulness as a new psycho-social treatment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.114-123
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate associations of spiritual well-being, attitude toward death, and quality of life among Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Methods: This study was cross-sectional and descriptive in design. The data was collected from August to September 2018 with 133 AA members drawn from two provinces of South Korea. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA with Turkey tests, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses using SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. Results: The existential spiritual well-being (β=.52, p<.001), attitude toward death (β=.24, p<.001), dual diagnosis (β=-.17, p=.003), occupation (β=.12, p=.035) of the participants were significant factors, which explained 63.7% of the variance of quality of life. Conclusion: The study findings highlight the need to develop psychological nursing strategies to enhance the spiritual well-being and improve a positive attitude toward death based on the job and dual diagnosis among AA members to improve their better quality of life.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1690-1698
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• 2012

As alcohol use is one of the most important risk factors for injuries, this study was intended to clarify and evaluate any relationship between drinking patterns and the incidence rates/specific characteristics of injuries in adult populations, using a widely accepted tool, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (chronic alcohol drinking behaviors measurement, hereinafter the AUDIT) developed by the World Health Organization to help to assess the behaviors in a more accurate and reliable manner. This study used the data collected from the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), in which 7,511 of 7,893 adult participants aged ${\geq}19$ years answered the questions about injuries, and excluding 104 non-respondents, 6,258 of participants in the questionnaire survey of drinking patterns were finally analyzed. The incidence rates and specific characteristics of injuries as classified by the AUDIT categories (i.e., body regions, types and mechanisms) were assessed and estimated in terms of their relative risk using t-test, ANOVA, and logistic regression. SPSS 19.0 statistical package software was employed for statistical analyses. These analyses indicate that the incidence rates of overall injuries were significantly higher in male respondents than in female respondents. The risks of alcohol use related injuries were 8.3 times higher in male respondents than in female ones. Regarding educational background, high school graduates showed the highest rates in the AUDIT with significant difference from the other groups. The married group and the group of respondents having monthly income estimated at KRW 2.01 to 3 million also showed the highest rates in the AUDIT compared to the other groups, indicating statistically significant difference. Significantly increased in problematic drinkers and those with alcohol dependence, the incidence rate of injuries body regions was 0.0371 in the head/neck, and with respect to the AUDIT and the mechanisms of external causes of injuries, transport accidents ranked first, followed by slippage, others, crash and fall. In regard to the classified types of injuries, it was statistically significant in others (e.g., laceration, contusion, addiction, or penetrating wound). In conclusion, the mechanisms of external causes of injuries as well as injuries attributed to alcohol use are very important, and a strategy is required to reduce such the injuries in the manner of decreasing the frequency of drinking after motivation by professional counsellors.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.219-243
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• 2005

Homeless people have remained one of the most disadvantaged groups in Korea. Therefore this study aims at examining how the homeless evaluate their quality of life and which factors influence their quality of life. The subjects of this study were 185 homeless adults residing on the street, in the shelter, and in substandard housing in Daejeon Metropolitan City. With a view to collecting the data effectively, different approaches have been taken for each type of homelessness in this study. By using the Korean Version of WHOQOL-BREF(brief version of WHO quality of life measure), this study has examined the current circumstance of the homeless and identified the predictors of their quality of life. The results of this study reconfirm low quality of life of homeless people. Also the results of this study indicate that the important factors influencing their quality of life are age, receipt of public assistance, perceived health status, alcohol use, alcohol addiction, housing type, and recognition by others. Predictors of each domain of quality of life differ to some extent. Statistically significant predictors of physical health are receipt of public assistance, perceived health status, and housing type. Psychological health is significantly influenced by age, receipt of public assistance, perceived health status, housing type, and recognition by others. Significant predictors of social relations are alcohol use, housing type, and recognition by others. Environment is significantly influenced by perceived health status, housing type, and recognition by others. On the basis of the findings of this empirical analysis, some measures conducive to the improvement of quality of life of homeless people are suggested. Only a few studies have been conducted to delve into the quality of life of the displaced group in Korea. In such a context, the significance of this study lies in identifying the circumstances of the homeless as a basic work for upgrading their quality of life on the one hand, and in empirically testing the major predictors of each domain of their quality of life on the other.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review laser acupuncture studies to find possibility for applying high intensity laser to acupuncture and moxibustion treatment. Methods : Searching papers was performed using search engines of five electronic databases, including Pubmed, Thomson ISI, EMBASE, Sciencedirect, and EBSCO, from inception to May 2011 without language limitation. Inclusion criteria were clinical studies with human, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case-control studies, and case reports. Selecting papers was performed with titles and abstracts in first step, scrutinize full text in second step, and then the extrated data was analyzed by two authors independently. The methodological quality for RCTs was evaluated using Jadad's scale. Results : Total 8 papers, (3 RCTs, 5 controlld studies, and 1 case reports), were finally selected. The study dealt with surgical laser, argon and $CO_2$ laser was one for each, with GaAs laser was two, and with new semiconductor laser, GaN, were four. The output range was from 110 mW to 15 W. The study diseases were alcohol addiction, knee osteoarthritis, bronchopneumonia and asthma for children, and circulation. All studies reported positive effect. The methodological quality in all RCTs was low because of below 3 points and all studies had few subject numbers. Conclusions : We suggest that high intensity laser can be applied to acupuncture and moxibustion. Further rigorous and well-designed study will be needed for various disease. The oriental medical society needs to take active measures to study and clinical application of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment with high intensity laser.