• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1359-1363
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was that the optimal hydrolysis conditions of endo- and exo-type enzymes were selected to utilize organic cheese byproducts. Optimal substrate concentration and optimum enzyme ratio were measured by using 4 kinds of endo-type enzymes (alcalase, neutrase, protamex, and foodpro alkaline protease) and two exo-type enzymes (flavourzyme and prozyme 2000P) for whey protein hydrolysis were analyzed using liquid chromatography. As a result, the optimal endo-type enzyme through the first enzyme reaction was selected as alcalse, and as a result of the secondary enzyme reaction, flavourzme was selected as the Exo type enzyme. The concentration of whey protein substrate for optimal primary and secondary enzyme reactions was 10%. In addition, the optimum ratio of enzyme was 0.5% of alcalase and 0.2% of flavourzyme, which showed low molecular weight chromatography pattern compared to 2% of alcalase and 1% of flavourzyme hydrolyzate. Therefore, hydrolyzing the endo-type enzyme alcalase at a concentration of 0.5% for 10 hours and then hydrolyzing the exo-type enzyme flavouryme at a concentration of 0.2% for 4 hours was considered to be the optimum condition.

• ALGAE
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2004

Hizikia fusiformis hydroysates by five carbohydrases (Viscozyme, Celluclast, Termamyl and Ultraflo) and five proteases (Protamex, Kojizyme, Neutrase, Flavourzyme and Alcalase) were investigated for their extraction efficacy (yield and total total polyphenolic content) and antioxidative activity (DPPH radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity). Termamyl and Ultraflo of the carbohydrases and Flavourzyme and Alcalase of proteases were selected by their high eficacy of extraction and antioxidative activity. Selected enzymes were used to investigate the optimum enzymatic reaction time and dosage (enzyme/substrate ratio) suitable for hydorolysis. Optimum reaction time for the enzymatic hydrolysis was 3 days and optimum dosage of hydrolysis was observed as 5%. Simultaneously, Ultraflo of the two carbohydrases and Alcalse of the two proteases were selected as the most effective enzymes. Combination of Ultraflo and Alcalase under optimum hydrolysis conditions could intensify the extraction efficacy of antioxidative materials form H. fusiformis. The hydrolysate obtained by combining the enzymes was separated into four different molecular weight fractions (<1kD, 1-10 kD, 10-30 kD and >30 kD) and recorded the polyphenolic content distribution and respective antioxidative ability. The fraction <1kD was identified as less effective and those fractions > 1kD indicated comparatively higher antioxidative activities related to their polyphenolic content.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.394-401
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• 1998

In present work, the development of processing for various fermented sea foods using low-usefulness marine resources were investigated. The optimum temperatures of autolysis were 35$^{\circ}C$ for hair tail, 45$^{\circ}C$ for gizzard shad, 30$^{\circ}C$ for kangdale, 30$^{\circ}C$ for pen shell and 30$^{\circ}C$ for oyster and when alcalse(Novo Co.) were added, optimum temperatures were 60$^{\circ}C$, 50$^{\circ}C$, 50$^{\circ}C$, 50$^{\circ}C$ and 50$^{\circ}C$, respectively, and protease N, P. (Pacific chem. enzyme mixture 2,000) were 55$^{\circ}C$, 60$^{\circ}C$, 50$^{\circ}C$, 50$^{\circ}C$ and 50$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Especially although exozymes and endozymes reacted at same time, hydrolysis rate of raw materials got to maximum at optimum temperatures of exozymes. The facts showed that exozymes dominated the hydrolysis reached max8imum at pH 9.0, and optimum hydrolysis time of all raw materials were 6 hours. And the optimum concentrations of exozymes were about 3.0% for hair tail, 4.5% for gizzard shad, 3.5% for kangdale, 3.0% for pen shell and 3.0% for oyster, respectively.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to purify and characterize the ${\beta}-secretase$ inhibitor from enzymatic hydrolysates of blackfin flounder muscle, for development of a novel anti-dementia agent that may be used in the drug or functional food industries. ${\beta}-secretase$ inhibitory peptide was purified from various enzymatic hydrolysates of blackfin flounder muscle. Among six enzymatic hydrolysates, the Alcalase hydrolysate revealed highest ${\beta}-secretase$ inhibitory activity. Consecutive purification of the blackfin flounder muscle hydrolysate using Sephadex G-25 column chromatography and octadecylsilane C18 reversed phase HPLC techniques were used to isolate a potent ${\beta}-secretase$ inhibitory peptide composed of 5 amino acids, Leu-Thr-Gln-Asp-Trp (MW: 526.7 Da). The $IC_{50}$ value of purified ${\beta}-secretase$ inhibitory peptide was $126.93{\mu}M$. Results of this study suggest that peptides derived from blackfin flounder muscle may be beneficial as anti-dementia compounds in functional foods or as pharmaceuticals.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.462-466
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• 2023

After treating spent coffee grounds with alkali, extracts were prepared by using Viscozyme and Alcalase, respectively. Treatment of spent coffee grounds with alkali and enzymes increased the content of phenolic compounds in the extracts, thus possessing the good scavenging activities on free and cation radicals. In particular, the extract obtained by continuous treatment with alkali and Alcalase on spent coffee grounds had the best content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, and inhibited the growth of Streptococcus mutans in proportion to the concentration. In conclusion, the Alcalase-enzymatic hydrolysate of alkali-treated spent coffee grounds showed excellent antioxidant and anticariogenic effects.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 2010

In our previous study, we preliminarily demonstrated that Celluclast and Neutrase extracts exhibited the strongest $H_2O_2$-scavenging activities among five carbohydrases (Viscozyme, Celluclast, Termamyl, Ultraflo and AMG) and five proteases (Kojizyme, Alcalse, Flavourzyme Protamex and Neutrase) extracts. Thus, Celluclast and Neutrase extracts were selected for use in further experiments and were separated into four different molecular weight fractions (<5, 5-10, 10-30 and >30 kDa). Among them, the 5-10 kDa fraction showed the highest $H_2O_2$-scavenging activity. The 5-10 kDa fraction also strongly enhanced cell viability against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative damage. Furthermore, the fraction reduced the proportion of apoptotic cells induced by $H_2O_2$, as demonstrated by decreased sub-G1 hypodiploid cells and decreased apoptotic body formation by flow cytometry. These results indicated that the 5-10 kDa fraction of the Celluclast and Neutrase extracts from S. coreanum exhibited strong antioxidant activity over $H_2O_2$-mediated cell damage in vitro.