• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2005

The crude methanolic extract of the leaves of Amoora cucullata Roxb. was investigated for its possible anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenin induced rat paw edema model and cotton pellet implantation method in rat. The extract was also studied for its antinociceptive activity using acetic acid induced writhing model in mice. At the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, the extract showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in both models. At the same doses, the extract also significantly reduced the number of acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction (writhing) in mice. The crude extract also showed significant diuretic activity in albino mice.

• Asian Spine Journal
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.998-1009
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• 2018

Study Design: Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) from rat olfactory mucosa were cultured, characterized, and transplanted into a rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI). Purpose: To evaluate different doses of OECs in a rat model of SCI. Overview of Literature: SCI causes permanent functional deficit because the central nervous system lacks the ability to perform spontaneous repair. Cell therapy strategies are being explored globally. The clinical use of human embryonic stem cell is hampered by ethical controversies. Alternatively, OECs are a promising cell source for neurotransplantation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different doses of allogenic OEC transplantation in a rat model of SCI. Methods: OECs were cultured from the olfactory mucosa of Albino Wistar rats; these cells were characterized using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Rats were divided into five groups (n=6 rats each). In each group, different dosage ($2{\times}10^5$, $5{\times}10^5$, $10{\times}10^5$, and >$10{\times}10^5$) of cultured cells were transplanted into experimentally injured spinal cords of rat models. However, in the SCI group, only DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium) was injected. Rats were followed up upto 8 weeks post-transplantation. The outcome of transplantation was assessed using the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) scale; motor-evoked potential studies; and histological examination. Results: Cultured cells expressed 41% of p75NTR, a marker for OEC, and 35% of anti-fibronectin, a marker for olfactory nerve fibroblast. These cells also expressed $S100{\beta}$ and glial fibrillary acid protein of approximately 75% and 83%, respectively. All the transplanted groups showed promising BBB scores for hind-limb motor recovery compared with the SCI group (p<0.05). A motor-evoked potential study showed increased amplitude in all the treated groups compared with the SCI. Green fluorescent protein-labeled cells survived in the injured cord, suggesting their role in the transplantation-mediated repair. Transplantation of $5{\times}10^5$ cells showed the best motor outcomes among all the doses. Conclusions: OECs demonstrated a therapeutic effect in rat models with the potential for future clinical applications.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.129-142
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• 2024

Alendronate sodium (ALS) is a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate used for the treatment of different bone disorders. However, its adverse effect on oral soft tissue has been detected. Rutin (RUT) is natural flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This work aimed to investigate the possible effect of ALS on the tongue of adult male albino rats and to evaluate the possible protective role of RUT. Forty adult male albino rats were equally divided into four groups: group I (control), group II (RUT): Received RUT 50 mg/kg, group III (ALS): Received ALS 1 mg/kg, group IV (ALS+RUT):(ALS+RUT): Received ALS and RUT with the same doses as pervious groups. The drugs were given once daily for 5 weeks. Tongue specimens were taken and processed for light and scanning electron microscopic inspection. ALS treated group revealed structural changes in the tongue in the form of decrease in the height of the filiform papillae with blunt ends, marked atrophy in some papillae with areas of focal loss, loss of some epithelial cells, pyknotic nuclei and cytoplasmic vacuoles in some epithelial cells. The lamina propria showed inflammatory cellular infiltration with congested blood vessels. Statistically, there were highly significant decrease in the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunopositive cells, area percentage of Bcl-2 immunoexpression and highly significant increase in the collagen content compared to control group. Administration of RUT with ALS minimizes these changes. RUT protected the rat tongue against the histological and immunohistochemical changes induced by ALS through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.109-123
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• 2012

Our study investigated the effects of Solanum macrocarpon (African eggplant) on haematological and biochemical parameters of male albino rats exposed to urban air pollution ($O_3$, $PM_{10}$, CO, $SO_2$, $NO_2$ and VOC). Male albino Wistar rats were exposed for 63 days either to urban air pollution without treatment (A); oral supplementation with Solanum macrocarpon given at 36 and 75 mg/kg body weight (BW), representing C and D respectively and exposed to air pollution; oral supplementation with Solanum macrocarpon given at 75 mg/kg BW after exposure to air pollution (B); or kept in animal house without exposure to air pollution (E). Animals exposed to air pollution showed significant alterations in haematological and biochemical parameters signaling that the blood and organs were badly injured. There were significant elevations in white blood cells (WBC) and its indices, reduction in red blood cells (RBC) and significant depletions of non-enzymic antioxidants, total protein and increase in lipid peroxidation values. Solanum macrocarpon supplementation in the feed of animals halted significantly the deleterious effects of air pollution, with co-administration during exposure given better results.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2008

Ayurveda, an ancient System of Indian Medicine, has recommended a number of drugs from indigenous plant sources for the treatment of inflammation. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methanol extract of Triphala were investigated in Wister albino rats and mice. The methanol extract of Triphala were found to encompass substantial anti-inflammatory effect in acute and sub-acute models and analgesic effect. Animal models of carrageenan induced edema and cotton pellet induced granuloma in albino rats were used. Extract of 200 mg/kg shows significantly reduced paw edema. Analgesics activity of Triphala with 200 mg/kg shown by significant reduction of writhing. These report shows to support the use methanol extract of Triphala in relieving inflammation and pain.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of melatonin and selenium in freezing extenders on frozen-thawed rat sperm. Methods: Semen samples were collected from 20 adult male Wistar albino rats. Following dilution, the samples were divided into six groups: four cryopreserved groups with 1 mM and 0.5 mM melatonin and selenium supplements, and two fresh and cryopreserved control groups. The rapid freezing technique was used to freeze the samples. Flow cytometry was used to assess plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA damage, while computer-assisted sperm analysis was used to assess motility. Results: Total motility was higher in the 1 mM melatonin supplementation group than in the cryopreserved control group (mean±standard error of the mean, 69.89±3.05 vs. 59.21±1.31; p≤0.05). The group with 1 mM selenium had the highest plasma membrane integrity (42.35%±1.01%). The cryopreserved group with 0.5 mM selenium had the highest mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas the cryopreserved control group had the lowest (45.92%±4.53% and 39.45%±3.52%, respectively). Conclusion: Cryopreservation of rat semen supplemented with 1 mM melatonin increased sperm motility after freeze-thawing, while supplementation with 0.5 mM selenium increased mitochondrial activity.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.41-61
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• 1990

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of indomethacin on the distribution of Langerhans cells and T-lymphocytes related with immune response of 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide induced carcinogenesis at the palate and tongue of albino rat. 54 Sprague-Dawley strain 10 weeks old albino rats, about 150gm weighted, divided into a normal group of 6 rats without treatment, a control group of 12 rats given indomethacin, a carcinogenesis group of 18 whose palatal mucosa were appiled with 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide three times a week, and experimental group of 18 rats were treated with indomethacin and whose palatal mucosa were applied 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide. All these 54 rats were subjected to be observed as being ATPase stained specimens, specimens for the observation of light and electron microscope, and T-lymphocyte stained specimens. The obtained results were summarized as follows; 1. In carcinogenesis group, proliferation of epithelial layer and rete peg were observed early period of the experiment and showed parakeratosis, individual cell keratinization, acanthosis, and lymphocyte infiltration from 13th week of the experiment on lightmicroscopically, while experimental group showed less reaction than that of carcinagenesis group. 2. The number of Langerhans cells in normal group rarely changed until 21st week of the experiment, while the Langerhans cells increased markedly from 3rd week of the experiment in control group. 3. The number of Langerhans cells were decreased markedly and persistantly until 21st week of the experiment both in carcinogenesis and experimental groups. 4. Appearance of the T-helper cells and T-suppressor cells were minimal and irregullar in number both in normal and control groups. Thus it is assumed that administration of indomethacin and distribution of Langerhans cells showed close relation. 5. In carcinogenesis and experimental groups, the number of the T-helper cells was apparently inereased than that of the T-suppressor cells, but increasing pattern in experimental group was less than in carcinogenesis group. These cells increased most in the 21st week, decreased from the 23rd week and the appearance of these cells were irregular in general throughout the experiment.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.177-187
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• 1972

곡식의 혼합비율은 백미에 보리쌀과 밀쌀을 각각 15%, 30%, 45%의 비례로 혼합하였고 비교군으로써 순백미군과 20% sugar casein diet를 두어서 총 8 group 으로 나누었다. 흰쥐 생후 $45{\pm}5$ 일(日) 된 albino rat로써 initial body weight 가 male이 $58{\pm}2\;g$, female이 $62{\pm}2\;g$ 이 되는 80 마리의 쥐를 8 군으로 하여서 한 군에(female 5, male 5)씩 나누어서 총 14주일 사육하였다. 성장율, 식이섭취량, F.E.R. P.E.R. 를 비교하여 보면 순백미 또는 백미에 보리를 혼합한 군보다 백미에 밀쌀을 섞은 군이 더 좋은 성장율과 F.E.R. 및 P.E.R. 을 나타내 주었다. 이와 같은 경향은 male군인 경우 female군보다 더 현저하나 nitrogen retention 에 역시 밀쌀 혼합군이 백미군이나 백미에 보리쌀을 혼합한 군보다 현저히 우수함을 볼 수 있으며 몸무게 증가와 밀접한 관계를 지니고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 곡류 diet 에서 배설된 nitrogen 중 $10{\sim}20%$가 변으로 배설되는 반면 표준군인 경우 nitrogen 이 거의 urine 으로 배설됨을 볼 수 있다. 이와 같은 결과는 곡류식인 경우는 함유된 단백질이 동물성 단백질식이에 비해 소화흡수되는 율이 저조하다. 혈청내 glucose 는 몸무게 증가와 밀접한 관계가 있었다. cholesterol 은 표준군이 곡류 diet 보다 total cholesterol 함량이 감소했으나 esterified cholesterol 과 free cholesterol 의 비에서 보면 곡류식이군이 표준군보다 높았다. 본 연구에서는 nitrogen 의 배설 상태 및 몸무게증가현상으로 미루어 밀쌀 혼합군이 보리쌀 혼합군보다는 우수하다는 결론을 지을 수 있다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.68-74
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• 1970

안전방안에서 여포난자가 성숙한다는 것이 몇가지 동물을 이용한 실험에서 밝혀진 바가 있었거니와 여포 난자가 異種의 안전방내에서도 성숙이 가능한 가를 보기 위하여 본 실험을 행하였다. 토끼의 경우 자체의 안전방내에 이식한 여포난자가 다른 동물 즉 흰쥐나 흰생쥐의 안전방에 이식하였을 때보다 낮은 성숙률을 보여 주고 있을 뿐, 흰쥐, 흰생쥐들은 각각 상호간의 안전방에 이식하였을때 同種의 다른 개체의 안정방에서 얻은 결과보다 훨씬 좋은 성숙률을 나타내고 있다. 특히 흰쥐의 여포난자는 숫컷 흰쥐의 안전방에서 24시간 사이에 76%가 제 1및 제 2차 분렬의 증기에 있으며 같은 종류의 수컷 생쥐의 안전방에서 55%가 성숙한 것 보다 훨씬 높은 율을 보여주고 있는 것이다. 안전방의 전방수가 함유단백질의 양이거나 삼투압에 있어서 일반체액이거나 표준배양액의 것들과는 크게 다르며 세포나 조직의 배양액으로는 그다지 적당한 것으로 보이지 않으나 여포난자의 활성획득에는 큰 영향이 없다할 것이다. 특히 異種간의 이식실험에서 얻은 결과가 자체거나 同種간의 이식실험과 거의 같거나 오히려 더 나은 성과를 보여주고 있는데, 는 그 이유에 대해 더 밝혀야 할 문제로 본다. 단지 난자는 성숙분렬을 위한 활성을 갖는데 난자자체의 구성성분 즉 난황물질의 양에 크게 좌우되는 것같으며 또한 난자가 배양될 안전방의 환경요인이 성숙률을 결정하는 데 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 보인다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 1989

Centrocestus armatus의 성장 발육 과정을 관찰하기 위하여 피라미(Zacco platypus)를 인공소화시켜 획득한 피낭유충을 100 혹은 200개씩 흰쥐 (Wistar strain)에 경구 감염시키고 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 14 및 28일 후에 경추탈구법으로 희생시키고 소장을 적출해 내었다. 적출한 소장을 십이지장, 공장, 회장으로 분리하여 0.85% 생리식염수 내에서 열고 장내용물로부터 충체를 회수하였다. 회수된 충체를 10% formalin으로 cover glass 압력하에서 고정하고 Semichon's acetocarmine으로 염색한 다음 광학현미경으로 관찰하고 계측하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 충체회수율은 평균 10.7%이었다. 감염 1일부터 8일까지는 회수율이 서서히 감소하였고 그 이후에는 28일 까지 관찰한 따 급속히 감소하였다. 2. 회수된 충체의 35.5%는 십이지장에, 62.5%는 공장에 분포하였다. 3. 탈낭된 피낭유충은 길이 $293{\mu\textrm{m}}$, 폭 $144{\mu\textrm{m}}$이었으나, 감염 후 14일에는 길이와 폭이 각각 $382{\mu\textrm{m}}$및 $214{\mu\textrm{m}}$ 로 자라 있었다. 4. 피낭유충은 생식기관 중 고환과 Mehlis선을 가지고 있었으며, 감염 제 1일에는 난소가, 제 2일에는 저정낭과 난환소가 출현하였다. 제 3일 된 충체에는 수정낭이 나타났으며 충란이 형성되었다. 5. 생식기관은 감염 제14일까지 빠른 속도로 발달을 계속하였으며 자궁 내 충란수도 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 C. armatus는 흰쥐에서 소장 상부에 기생하며 감염 후 3일 만에 성충으로 발육한다는 것을 알았다.