• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2006.10a
• /
• pp.43-46
• /
• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2008.04a
• /
• pp.299-302
• /
• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2010.04a
• /
• pp.407-408
• /
• 2010

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.62-68
• /
• 2016

Purpose In a cyclosporine experiment using a robotic liquid handing system has found a deviation of its standard curve and low reproducibility of patients's results. The difference of the test is that methanol is mixed with samples and the extractions are used for the test. Therefore, we assumed that the abnormal test results came from using methanol and conducted this test. In a manual of a robotic liquid handling system mentions that we can choose several setting parameters depending on the viscosity of the liquids being used, the size of the sampling tips and the motor speeds that you elect to use but there's no exact order. This study was undertaken to confirm pipetting ability depending on types of liquids and investigate proper setting parameters for the optimum dispensing ability. Materials and Methods 4types of liquids(water, serum, methanol, PEG 6000(25%)) and $TSH^{125}I$ tracer(515 kBq) are used to confirm pipetting ability. 29 specimens for Cyclosporine test are used to compare results. Prepare 8 plastic tubes for each of the liquids and with multi pipette $400{\mu}l$ of each liquid is dispensed to 8 tubes and $100{\mu}l$ of $TSH^{125}I$ tracer are dispensed to all of the tubes. From the prepared samples, $100{\mu}l$ of liquids are dispensed using a robotic liquid handing system, counted and calculated its CV(%) depending on types of liquids. And then by adjusting several setting parameters(air gap, dispense time, delay time) the change of the CV(%)are calcutated and finds optimum setting parameters. 29 specimens are tested with 3 methods. The first(A) is manual method and the second(B) is used robotic liquid handling system with existing parameters. The third(C) is used robotic liquid handling system with adjusted parameters. Pipetting ability depending on types of liquids is assessed with CV(%). On the basis of (A), patients's test results are compared (A)and(B), (A)and(C) and they are assessed with %RE(%Relative error) and %Diff(%Difference). Results The CV(%) of the CPM depending on liquid types were water 0.88, serum 0.95, methanol 10.22 and PEG 0.68. As expected dispensing of methanol using a liquid handling system was the problem and others were good. The methanol's dispensing were conducted by adjusting several setting parameters. When transport air gap 0 was adjusted to 2 and 5, CV(%) were 20.16, 12.54 and when system air gap 0 was adjusted to 2 and 5, CV(%) were 8.94, 1.36. When adjusted to system air gap 2, transport air gap 2 was 12.96 and adjusted to system air gap 5, Transport air gap 5 was 1.33. When dispense speed was adjusted 300 to 100, CV(%) was 13.32 and when dispense delay was adjusted 200 to 100 was 13.55. When compared (B) to (A), the result increased 99.44% and %RE was 93.59%. When compared (C-system air gap was adjusted 0 to 5) to (A), the result increased 6.75% and %RE was 5.10%. Conclusion Adjusting speed and delay time of aspiration and dispense was meaningless but changing system air gap was effective. By adjusting several parameters proper value was found and it affected the practical result of the experiment. To optimize the system active efforts are needed through the test and in case of dispensing new types of liquids proper test is required to check the liquid is suitable for using the equipment.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 2002

Atmospheric concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in Seoul, South Korea between July 1999 and May 2000 were determined to investigate concentration distribution in air, relationship between concentrations and meteorological conditions, and apportionment of sources e.g. local sources (air- surface exchange) and long range transport. Endosulfan and $\alpha$-HCH were the highest concentrations in atmosphere with values typcally ranging from 10s to l00s of pg/㎥. These high concentrations may be attributed to their usage, period and chemical property (Koa). All OCPs also showed elevated levels during the summer and were positively correlated with temperature. This would suggest that a seasonal enhancement was due to (re)volatilization from secondary sources and application during the warmer months. The temperature dependence of atmospheric concentrations of OCPs were investigated using plots of the natural logarithm of partial pressure (In P) vs reciprocal mean temperatures (1/T), and environmental phase-transition energies were calculated for each of the pesticides. For OCPs, temperature dependence was statistically significant (at the 99.99% confidence level) and temperature accounted for 35~95% of the variability in concentrations. The relatively higher slopes and phase-transition energies for $\alpha$-, ${\gamma}$-chlordane, endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate suggested that volatilization from local sources influenced their concentrations. The relatively lower those for $\alpha$-, ${\gamma}$-HCH, p, p'-DDE and heptachlor epoxide also suggested that volatilization from local sources and long range transport influenced their concentrations.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.1319-1322
• /
• 2008

$CsN_3$ was developed as a novel n doping material with air stability and low deposition temperature. Evaporation temperature of $CsN_3$ was similar to that of common hole injection material and it worked well as a n dopant in electron transport layer. Driving voltage was lowered and high power efficiency was obtained in green phosphorescent devices by using $CsN_3$ as a dopant in electron transport layer. It could also be used as a charge generation layer in combination with $MoO_3$. In addition, n doping mechanism study revealed that $CsN_3$ is decomposed into Cs and $N_2$ during evaporation. This is the first work reporting air stable and low temperature evaporable n dopant in organic light-emitting diodes.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.359-367
• /
• 1997

The Characteristics of atmospheric flow and dispersion of air pollutants in the mountainous coastal area were studied using three-dimensional model by the combination of land/sea breezes and transport. It was then applied to Pusan city. As the urban area considered In this study is located in a mountainous coastal area, the atmospheric flow is strongly affected by the land/sea breezes and mountain/valley winds. The typical effects of land/sea breezes on the dispersion and the characteristics of pollutants movement in the region were analysed. The model has been proved to be an useful tool to prodict real time air pollutants transport as shown by the results of application studies In Pusan, Korea which Is an urbanized coastal area with mountainous topography. It was found that the pollutants are differently transported and concentrated as going Inland by the Influence of the sea breeze with topographic changes. By comparing the pollutants concentrations of the stimulated results with those of the observational results, It is shown that stimulated results in this study are in qualitative agreement with observational ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.199-206
• /
• 2022

제주공항은 슬롯 증대사업을 통한 정시성 개선 노력에도 불구하고 항공 교통량의 확대에 따른 혼잡도의 증가가 지속되고 있다. 제주공항 혼잡도의 근본적인 해소를 위해서 추진되고 있는 신공항 건설이 여러 가지 사유로 지연되고 있으며, 실제 건설계획이 확정되더라도 정상적인 공항 운영까지 상당 기간의 시간이 소요될 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 제주 신공항 건설이라는 대규모 신규 투자와는 별개로 신공항 개항 전, 기존 제주공항을 운영하면서 혼잡도를 해소할 수 있는 중단기적 대안을 마련할 필요가 있다. 이에 국토교통부와 한국공항공사는 제주공항에 소형기보다는 최대이륙중량 100톤 이상의 대형항공기(통상 270석 이상 공급) 투입을 유도하는 착륙료 감면 조치를 시행하였으며, 최초 착륙료 10% 감면에서 추가 활성화를 위하여 착륙료 20% 감면으로 확대하여 운영 중이다. 항공사는 착륙료 감면 비율 상향을 통해 대형기 투입에 따른 실질적인 비용이 절감된다면 상기 정책에 적극 동참하게 될 것이다. 본 논문에서는 제주공항에서 실시 중인 착륙료 감면율 확대 조정이 항공사의 대형기 배정에 미치는 효과를 분석하여 정책의 실효성을 고찰하였으며 이에 따른 개선책을 제시하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.177-199
• /
• 2015

Commerce enriches human life enriched and within commerce, transportation of cargo is arguably the most important in business transactions. Traditionally, marine transport has been major commercial transaction, but carriage cargo by air is on the increase. While the fare for freight in comparison with that of ocean is higher, air freight has many benefits that justify the higher shipping fee; lower insurance premium, packing charges, inventory control, cost management and especially speed. Therefore, air freight transport is accumulating gradually. An air waybill(AWB) is needed in the air transport flow. It is a nonnegotiable security, so the holder cannot transfer of a right to a third party. Some scholars suggest that a negotiable AWB is needed. However, it seems nearly impossible to do so; an e-AWB use shows a gain in numbers, even if it has not met expectations. Going forward, it would appear reasonable to conduct a follow-up study on the utility and legal problem for e-AWB. After sending goods, the consignor has the right of disposition of cargo in some cases, and more research is necessary, because it is related to change of ownership and a trade settlement. According to WATS (World Airlines Transport Statistics), the Korean Air took third place in international freight in 2014, and fifth in total, domestic and international to great acclaim. However, there is a lack of research supporting the business showing. It is hope that more studies on e-AWB, stoppage in transit, and a risk of outstanding amount, etc. connect to develop Korean air freight industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.421-426
• /
• 2004

Increasing of the multinational corporation brought into the international multimodal Increasing of the multinational corporation brought into the international multimodal transport on the logistics environment. In case of Europe which have a great infrastructure, they are tried to develope a second of the silk road constantly. This paper emphasized the importance of international multimodal transport and proposed the model for northeast multimodal transport. For this research, we analyzed the multimodal transport system in Europe and north corridor of TAR. We are expecting economic effect of the route is including republic of korea and developed a model for connecting with sea, air and road. Actually, this research can not be enough data of numerical value for proving this effectiveness. but we developed and proposed a specific route of multimodal transport that was never suggested. Consequently, we established basic ground for comparing each transport route in the future research.