• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07c
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• pp.1850-1852
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• 2000

In this paper, new Partial Discharge (PD) detection technique using Pockels cell was proposed and considerable apparent chaotic characteristics were discussed. For this purpose, PD was generated from needle-plane electrode in air and detected by optical measuring system using Pockels cell, based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer, consisting of He-Ne laser, single mode optical fiber, 50/50 beam splitter and photo detector. A qualitative analysis was carried out by drawing Return map for the normalized time series of the detected PD signals. The results are as follows:(a) Fixed points, between 0.7 and 1.0, are appeared clearly in the right upper area of the return map as the increase in the number of obtained data.(b) Considerable periodicity have been remarked even though exact period and length can not be determined.(c) The self-similarity can be also observed inasmuch as the late paths do not follow the previous ones. Accordingly, exact quantitative analysis such as embedding dimension, fractal dimension, and Lyapunov exponents should be carried out for deducing the quantitative properties regarding PD phenomena.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.123-138
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• 1976

Isozymes and chromosomes of Bufo bufo and B. kangii were studied by starch gel electrohporesis and bone marrow air-drying method. Twently-three enzymes and nonenzymatic proteins in Bufo species collected in Korea provided a basis for the estimating the proportion of polymorphic loci in the genum. Of 23 loci controlling the proteins examined, 26% and 17$% were polymorphic in B. bufo and B. kangii, respectively. In B. bufo, 4 loci had 3 alleles and no loci had more than 2 alleles in B. kangii. Both species had same karyotypes with 22 chromosomes except one pair of chromosome which had sat-chromosomes in B. bufo karyotypes. The genetic similarity was approximately 0.5.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.4
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• pp.565-576
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• 2011

This study was conducted to describe forest stand characteristics of the habitats of Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum population from the ecological analysis of classification of vegetation types, importance values, species diversity, interspecific association and community similarity in Ulleung Island and Mt. Hambaek, in which investigated by 48 plots ($10m{\times}10m$). The vegetation studied was classified into 1 community group, 2 communities, 2 groups and 3 subgroups for a species unit and divided by 5 units for a vegetation unit. In the Fagus engleriana group (vegetation unit 1, 2 and 3), importance value of A. victorialis var. platyphyllum in herb layer showed relatively higher value than other units. Importance value of A. victorialis var. platyphyllum in herb layer had higher value. In the analysis of interspecific association, most of the species associated positively to A. victorialis var. platyphyllum belonged to habitat features of valley area and sub-alpine zone. Therefore, it was considered that the growing environment of A. victorialis var. platyphyllum population was closely correlated to soil moisture and air humidity.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.251-264
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• 2017

Recently, Jeollabuk-do has been reported as a province where the $PM_{10}$concentration is one of the highest levels in South Korea. To explore the characteristics and origins of the $PM_{10}$in Jeollabuk-do, we present one of the first long-term datasets including a statistical analysis of $PM_{10}$concentrations obtained from six cities in the province from 2010 to 2015. During the entire periods, the mean hourly $PM_{10}$concentration was $49.3{\mu}g/m^3$, which correspond to the annual ambient air quality standards for $PM_{10}$in South Korea, and the annual $PM_{10}$concentration of each city showed a similarity in year-to-year variations. In the monthly variation of $PM_{10}$, the $PM_{10}$concentrations showed a maximum value in May that was one of the top levels among the provinces of Korea while the concentrations were dramatically decreased in August showing one of the lowest levels among the provinces in Korea. For the diurnal variation of $PM_{10}$, the $PM_{10}$concentration was enhanced during the rush hours together with gaseous species of $NO_2$, and CO. When the high concentrations of $PM_{10}$were observed (the highest 10% of the $PM_{10}$mass contribution), temperature and relative humidity were low. Using HYSPLIT backward trajectories and cluster analysis for the high $PM_{10}$concentrations, we found that the pollution plumes were transported mainly from China.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 2020

Purpose: As communicable disease, COVID-19, pandemic strikes over the world, it is critically bewared that air travel possibly be a major pass way to deliver the infectious disease virus. Especially the airplane could be an unique environment to cultivate the virus spreaders. In order to keep the continuous safe airway as well as the industry, related international associations and organizations have been published the guidelines for the prevention and control the infectious disease through the all aspects of aviation. By reviewing the guidelines, focusing on the in-flight infection prevention and control, this study would not only inform a summary of the international guidelines but also provide an essential and general consideration for related research or guideline study. Methods: Guidelines of 5 major countries are reviewed, which has been seriously influenced by COVID-19 : U.S., Canada, E.U., Australia and China. The items of the guidelines are re-categorized as its similarity and structure by applicable cases. Results: The result of this study shows that each guideline seems to share a major structure and issue such as identifying sick traveler, sick passenger care, and cleaning even though that of China has a different since it used to consider the flight conditions based on 3 levels of infection risk. For sick passenger care, the guidelines includes crew safety, service level, sick passenger isolation, and cleaning. Implications: A published guideline as a public manual could be to prevent and control the in-flight infection efficiently and promptly. It also could provide a confidence of knowledge and educate for all users to prepare the in-flight emergency as well.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.179-205
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• 2017

This research presents an in-depth analysis of location planning of the solar-hydrogen power plants for electricity production in different cities situated in Kerman province of Iran. Ten cities were analyzed in order to select the most suitable location for the construction of a solar-hydrogen power plant utilizing photovoltaic panels. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology was applied to prioritize cities for installing the solar-hydrogen power plant so that one candidate location was selected for each city. Different criteria including population, distance to main road, flood risk, wind speed, sunshine hours, air temperature, humidity, horizontal solar irradiation, dust, and land costare used for the analysis. From the analysis, it is found that among the candidates' cities, the site of Lalezar is ranked as the first priority for the solar-hydrogen system development. A measure of validity is obtained when results of the DEA method are compared with the results of the technique for ordering preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Applying TOPSIS model, it was found that city of Lalezar ranked first, and Rafsanjan gained last priority for installing the solar-hydrogen power plants. Cities of Baft, Sirjan, Kerman, Shahrbabak, Kahnouj, Shahdad, Bam, and Jiroft ranked second to ninth, respectively. The validity of the DEA model is compared with the results of TOPSIS and it is demonstrated that the two methods produced similar results. The solar-hydrogen power plant is considered for installation in the city of Lalezar. It is demonstrated that installation of the proposed solar-hydrogen system in Lalezar can lead to yearly yield of 129 ton-H2 which covers 4.3% of total annual energy demands of the city.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.719-732
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• 2008

The total number of flies collected was 4,864 with sex ratio of 32.8% from Suseungdae area, Geochang-gun, Gyeongnam, Korea. The fauna of fly was 35 species consisting of 13 Calliphoridae, 12 Muscidae, 8 Sarcophagidae, 1 Dryomyzidae and 1 Anthomyiidae. The number of genus and species of Calliphoridae and Muscidae of Suseungdae area were similarly found in the mountain and residential areas, however, those of Sarcophagidae was similar with that of residential area. Calliphoridae was the most dominant family at the survey sites with 60.4% of the total collected flies, and followed Muscidae 33.3% and Sarcophagidae 6.2%. The dominant species were constituted of 83.6% of the total flies and the order of collected flies was Chrysomyia pinguis (42.2%), Limnophora sp. (10.8%), Muscina angustifrons (8.6%), Calliphora lata (8.1%), Fannia scalaris (5.5%), Lucilia caesar (3.9%), and Boettcherisca peregrina (4.2%). The seasonal prevalence of flies was from the middle of March to the end of November, and the peak time of appearance was the middle of June, middle of September and middle of October. The highest peak of prevalence was the middle of October. The similarity index of the flies was above 80%, compared to Mt. Geonheung and landfill in Geochang-gun. The number of fly species was more affected by the mean air temperature. In the comparison of the seasonal prevalence and relative abundance of 7 predominant species among 35 species, each species was found to exhibit its specific characteristics and showed the pattern of species.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.39
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• pp.324-354
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• 2007

Facts, which constitute news, are as free as air. When they are transformed into news via labor and capital investment of a news organization, the news is deemed to have property values, and the media can claim exclusive rights over the news. The copyright law protects the originality of a work, the uniqueness of reporter's analysis, the selection of words, the arrangement of materials, and the emphasis given on particular points. The name of the game of copyright infringement lies in the infringement of the similarity of the method of expression, not the infringement of the subject. Even though news articles convey information by specifying factual elements of an event or accident, they still have some originality. The judgement that news articles lack of originality is inconsistent with the purpose of the copyright law. Therefore, the law should be amended to articulate that the unauthorized use of news articles without a proper citation shall be the subject of legal action, and courts should decide related cases accordingly.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2001

The VOC, which were detected from the newly built house, exist as a certain number of types according to the characteristics of the change of VOC concentration indoors. In this paper, we aim to divide the VOC into types so that those with similar characteristics of the transition of their concentration are in the same group and select the representative compound according to each classified type, and to verify these processes statistically in order to verify and propose new method creating the representing index of the VOC concentration in indoor which is used in evaluation of the degree of air pollution. As a result, the characteristic of the change of VOC concentration in the indoor can be divided into three types. Type1; the group in which the concentration is relatively high right after the completion of the house, and then decreases rapidly. Type2; the group in which the concentration is relatively low right after the completion of the house, and then although it shows the tendency of increasing and decreasing repeatedly, it decreases overall. Type3 is the group, which show only one peak at a certain time during the measuring period. As the method like this was verified to have the statistical significance, the Ethylbenzene was selected as the representative compound of type1, and Styrene was selected as that of type2. Moreover, if considering transition of the VOC from the point of similarity, the research method of making the classification and the selection of the representative compound in this study are said to be significant method.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 2018

3-dimensional temperature distribution of the exhaust gas of a fire flame of LPG have been measured by the constructed CT-TDLAS system. 3-Dimensional temperature distributions are measured by 2 layers of CT-TDLAS. Each layer has $8{\times}8$ laser beams implying the temperatures of 64 meshes are measured. SMART algorithm has been adopted for reconstructing the absorption coefficients on the meshes. The line strengths at 6 representative wave lengths of $H_2O$ have been used for obtaining the absorption spectra of the exhaust gas. The temperature distributions measured by the constructed CT-TDLAS have been compared with those by the thermocouples. The relative errors measured between by thermocouple and CT-TDLAS were 13% in average and 33% at maximum. The similarity of temperature distribution between by thermocouples and by CT-TDLAS has been shown at the lower layer than the upper layer implying an unstability of combustions.