• 농업과학연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.293-309
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• 1998

This study is aimed at identifying the decision making criteria as B/C ratio, IRR and NPV based on the expected benefits and costs of the land utilization and promotion projects which have implemented to improve agricultural structure under WTO system. To carry out the objectives of the study, Sinseok project area located at Dangjin district, Chungnam province was selected. Sinseok project area has 306.2 ha of paddy area with 172 farm households. The project area will be operated by the 33 specialized farm households after completion of the project which will have 20 years of economic life. After completion of the project, farm size will be increased from 1.8ha to 9.3ha. Land intensity of the project area will be increased by 10%. Increase of land productivity and cost saving due to the labor saving technology as farm mechanization will be expected. According to the survey results, the annual amount of production cost savings per farm was estimated 3.884million won and increased total farm income was expected about 43.8million won per year. The total expexted project benefits was expected 174million won per year. The project costs to promote land utilization and structural change consisted of handling charges, and direct payment for land movility. The decision making criteria representing economic feasibility of the project such as B/C ratio, NPV and IRR were estimated 2.49, 483million won and 30% respectively when the cut-off rate was taken into account 10%. In conclusion, the land utilization and promotion project proppeled by the Korean Government under the agricultural land law is considered economically feasible from the view points of expected project benefits and costs. Accordingly the project have to be implemented more strongly under the G't financial support considering WTO and UR negociation which were aimed at achieving the free trade and improvement of international competitiveness of farm products.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.127-139
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• 1991

1. The purpose of this study was to recommend ways of more efficient pheasant farm business management and promoting the demand of pheasant foods by reviewing the current pheasant farm business management and the general pattern of consumption of pheasant foods. The study was conducted on the basis of the field survey covering 83 pheasant feeders and 283 consumers. 2. Majority of pheasant feeders, 86.8%(n=72), utilized broiler feed for pheasant rearing because of high price of exclusive pheasant feed. 3. In case of producing 1,000 heads of 5 month-old pheasant, the primary production cost per head was roughly calculated at about 5,530 Won. And 40.3% of primary production cost was consisted of feed cost and 12.9% was depreciation cost for facillities including artificial incubator equipments. 4. 81.1%(n=51) of whole surveyed feeders disposed of 1-4 week-old birds directly to the new feeders and 6%(n=6) sold them to the middlemen who were almost pioneering pheasant feeders. 5. 48.9%(n=138) of the surveyed consumer respondents have taken the pheasant foods once and several times, and the others never once. And 50.6%(n=69) of the respondents who had taken the pheasant foods were satisfied with the tastes. 6. The surveyed consumers were asked whether they knew the nutritional value of pheasant foods and 47.3(n=136) recognized it positively and 37.5%(n=106) negatively. 7. To increase the pheasant farm income and promote the demand of pheasant foods. followings are recommended. - Production cost should be reduced by cooperative utilization of facilities and equipments at farm level, and exclusive pheasant feed of good quility should be developed and supplied to the feeders at a low price. - Pheasant marketing and pricing system should be improved to prevent consumers from price disorder of retail shop including pheasant food reataurants and to popularize the pheasant foods. - Various type of menu of pheasant foods should be developed not only to satisfy consumers in tastes but also to solve the seasonality of pheasant supply. But it is preferable that this action is led by pheasant feeders and their cooperative organization, espectially through vertical intergration system owned by pheasant feeders. - Generic, pioneering advertisement and promotion should be carried out to promote primary demend of pheasant foods. It would be preferable that these primary demend advertising and promoting activities shuld be sponsored by pheasant feeders and government together. And their activities should be supported by institutional regulation.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2010

세계경제 및 환경의 변화에 따라 농산물의 불안정적인 수급으로 인한 문제점이 노출되고 있으며, 우리나라의 경우 농산물의 안정적인 확보를 위하여 국가 전략적 차원에서의 해외농업투자의 필요성이 요구되고 있다. 하지만 정부차원의 지원 미진, 해외 농업에 대한 정보 및 기술 미비, 개발자금 확보의 어려움, 장기간의 투자금 회수기간, 사후관리 미흡 등의 이유로 성과를 이루지 못하고 있는 실정이며, 특히 해외 농산물의 국내 반입 시 관세의 장벽, 물류 유통비용 등으로 가격 경쟁력이 떨어지고 있어 국내에 반입되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우리나라의 해외농업투자의 기본개념 및 실태를 살펴보고 해외농업투자의 필요성과 고려사항, 문제점 등을 도출하여 해외에서 재배된 농산물의 경쟁력을 위한 유통 측면에서의 개선방안을 정부의 간접적인 지원, 유통 현대화 및 유통정보기능 강화, 유통시설, 수송루트, 하역업무개선, 경쟁력 확보를 위한 정부의 정책적 지원, 교육 훈련을 통한 전문인력 양성 등 다섯 가지 측면에서 제시하였다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.2471-2478
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• 1971

Go Cong Water Control Project was conducted on its preliminary survey and design by Agricultural development Corporation for the Korean Government, an Executing Agency, and Directorate of Irrigation and Rural Engineering of the Ministry of Land Reform, Agriculture and Fishery Development for the Vietnamese Government, a cooperation Agency, under Korean and Vietnamese Economic and Technical Cooperation Program. The main purposes of the project are aimed at the improvements of irrigation and drainage, and salt water prevention of the Go Cong area located at northern part of the Mekong Delta. All the works from field survey through design to preparing reports were carried out by ADC alone and recently Korean Government submitted the relevant reports to vietnamese Government through official channel. The contents of the project are summarized as following: 1. The project comprises irrigation, drainage and salt water prevention facilities on the benefited area of about 55,000 hectares, covering Go Cong and Dinh Tuong(My Tho) Provinces and it will be possible to cultivate rice cropping twice a year, irrigating all the area in the dry season; 2. With completion of this project, annual production of rough rice and vegetables are anticipated to increase by 222,600 .T. and 142,600 M.T. respectively and the internal rateof return stants at 26 per cent, applying for the exchange rate of US $ 1 to VN $ 275. 3. Total investments required for the project are estimated at US $ 56,394,000 of which actual construction cost is estimated at US $ 39,183,000. The project has planned to be d to be developed by four stages, taking bout 7 years. 4. The project needs for three places of pumping plants. 57Km of feed and main irrigation canals, 81Km of drainage channels, 97Km of dike, 23 places of sluices and navigation locks, etc.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2001

우리나라 단감 수입국의 검역 기준에 부합하는 단감 생산을 위한 병해충 방제 체계 개발 연구의 일환으로서, 먼저 단감 재배 농가의 병해충 관리 실태와 단감의 경제성 재고에 관한 농가의 의식을 설문을 통하여 조사하였다. 단감경작자의 80% 이상이 50대(代) 이상이었으며 단감 경작 시 가장 수량에 많은 영향을 주는 인자는 병이라고 응답하였다. 가장 문제시되는 병과 해충이 탄저병(Gloeosporium kaki)과 노린재류라고 응답한 농가가 각각 64.6%와 73.5%이었으며, 특히 미국 측의 검역해충인 복숭아명나방(Dichocrocis punctiferalis)은 경작자들이 전혀 문제시하고 있지 않았다. 병해충관리이 관한 지식이나 정보의 취득, 방제 약제나 약제 처리 시기 등의 결정은 본인의 경험에 의존하는 비율이 가장 높았다. 연 평균 방제 횟수는 $8{\sim}9$회가 56.6%로 가장 많았으며 80%이상의 농가가 방제력(防除歷)을 기록한다고 하였다. 단감 경작자들의 35.4%가 병해충 관리를 위한 방제비의 증가가 가장 큰 애로점이라고 하였으며 단감의 경제성 증대를 위해서는 수출 증대가 필요하다는 응답자가 34.5%로 가장 많았다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2016

Purpose: Grain slurry diet are described as food obtained from ground grain paste. They serve as highly nutritious food for both adults and infants in Nigeria because of their immense nutritive and economical value. However, the production of these grain slurry diets is confronted with challenges that have hampered their commercialization. This study examines the trends and constraints of grain slurry food processing in Kaduna State. Methods: A survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire to elicit information from 192 selected processors, including both men and women. The survey was structured in line with the study objectives. The information was collated and synopsized into frequency distribution. Results: These findings revealed that 80% of the respondents processed between 1.0 tons and 13.0 tons of grain slurry per month. More than 90% of the processors processed grain slurry into koko, kunu, agidi, and pito. Accordingly, 80% of the interviewed processors indicated that sieving is one of the major constraints. Furthermore, inadequate modern machinery required to perform this operation makes it highly discouraging. One of the major challenges faced by the grain slurry producers in Nigeria is the lack of processing machinery for most operations (39.1%), followed by the tedious processing nature (27.1%), high labor cost (18.1%), and lack of market (9.4%). The traditional method of grain slurry processing was more popular than using modern equipment, except milling (96.5%), which is the only mechanized unit operation in grain slurry processing. Conclusion: Grain slurry processing and marketing were found to be profitable. However, these limitations could extremely reduce the level of grain slurry production, processing, and economic returns, thereby affecting the general wellbeing of the processors. The study also raised concerns about the safety and hygiene associated with traditionally processed grain slurry diets in the investigated areas.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.310-320
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the use of environmentally friendly agricultural products (EFAPs) in Chungcheongbuk-do and the perception and satisfaction of school dietitians with EFAPs. The study survey was conducted from April to Jun 2018. Among 195 dietitians, 54.4% were nutrition teachers and 51.3% were working in elementary schools. Of the participants, 65% answered that the percentage of EFAPS in the total food cost was 10~30%. The most used EFAP food group was grains (64.6%), followed by vegetables (26.2%). The main reasons for using EFAPs were subsidies for EFAPs from local governments (85.1%) and students' health (52.3%). The average daily subsidy for EFAPs from the local governments was 201~500 won at 45.1%, and 200 won or less at 34.9%, which was based on one meal per student. In questions on satisfaction with using EFAPs, satisfaction with safety (3.93 out of 5 points) scored the highest, followed by nutrition (3.74), freshness (3.70), appearance (3.32), diversity (2.85), and price (2.78). Therefore, to expand the use of EFAPs in school food service, it is necessary to expand the provision of subsidies and increase EFAP production diversification.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.53-75
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• 2004

This study is aimed at identifying the national economic value of the irrigation facilities by reviewing the existing papers on economic values of the irrigation facilities and presenting current status of dual O & M problems of the irrigation facilities. This study suggested the unified O & M system rather than continuing the existing dual O & M system of irrigation facilities based on the surveyed results of the activities of irrigation fraternities in Chungnam Province. The findings and proposals for the successful unified and mono O & M system of the irrigation facilities are as follows: (1) Total number of irrigation facilities in the nation accounts for 67,582, while the total length of irrigation and drainage canals amounted to about 174,259km. On account of the total length of structural canals was estimated at 31%, much losses of water and much O & M costs have been inevitable for the full irrigation rice culture. In spite of the past heavy investment for irrigation facilities, the ratio of rain-fed and partially irrigated paddy fields accounts for 23% in 2003. Both Korea Agricultural and Rural Infrastructure Corporation (KARICO) and the city and Gun Governments have managed the irrigation facilities separately by irrigation fraternities. The KARICO have commanded 59% of irrigation paddy area with 18% of the total irrigation facilities, while the city and Gun governments covered 41% of irrigation paddy area with 82% of the existing number of irrigation facilities representing small and medium scale. (2) The 1999 demand prices of irrigation water per ton expressed in 2000 constant market price was estimated at 388 won, the supply price was amounted to 184 won per ton. Considering the supply and demand curve of the irrigation water, the existing irrigation facilities could not satisfy the demand of irrigation water. (3) In 1999, total present added value of the irrigation facilities during the economic life accounted for 48 trillion won, while total supply cost was 44.7 trillion won. The marginal benefit and cost ratio of irrigation water was 1.08. (4) The total O & M cost per year amounting to 681.1 billion won have been required to maintain and repair the existing irrigation facilities in Korea. For the successful unified O & M of irrigation facilities covering whole irrigated paddy field in Korea, 950 billion won of O & M costs are required to keep up the marginal benefit of irrigation water as 2,800 billion won per year. The total O & M cost as 950 billion won should be allocated 40%, 380 billion won for O & M costs of irrigation facilities and 60%, 570 billion won for improvement of irrigation facilities. (5) The study investigated and reviewed the present O & M status of the irrigation facilities by small and medium irrigation fraternities. Most of the farmers belong to the irrigation fraternities preferred not only unified O & M but also KARICO take-over of the whole O & M activities of the irrigation facilities. The prevailing O & M cost per 10a expended by the Corporation was amounted to 104,890 won, while that of city and Gun governments was only amounted to 4,600 won per 10a. regarding the small amount of O & M cost expended by city and Gun governments, it is evident that the existing irrigation system have been managed ineffectively and deteriorated the facilities comparing that of KARICO. In conclusion, the Government could not satisfied the demand of irrigation water by suppling water with existing irrigation facilities. Therefore new additional investment and financial support for irrigation water development should be made to convert rain-fed and partially irrigated paddy fields into fully irrigated ones. The operation and maintenance cost should be supported to keep the marginal values of rice production of existing irrigation facilities in the national economy and to modernize the obsolete irrigation facilities. By unifying the existing dual O & M systems, all the farmers belong to the irrigated paddy fields have to be equally benefited and could be increased their farm income and be stabilized their rural lives.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.3170-3180
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• 1973

This study of the subject will review past and present irrigation development in Korea. Particular attention will be given to water pricing structure and a case study on the purpose of rational operation and management of irrigation water and organizations, and the optimum irrigation water and organizations, and the optimum irrigation water fee inorder to reduce farmers burden and to rationalize the farmland associations management so as to achieve development of the rural environment. In 1971, the reservoir of the Farmland Improvement A sociation (FIA) produced only 775 millison $m^3$ of irrigation water or 77% of planned capacity of 1,015 million $m^3$. It was caused by inefficient maintenance of irrigation facilities; for instance, about 21% of reservoirs, pumping stations and weirs in Korea have been silted by soil erosion which hinder to water production according to an ADC survey. The first Irritation Association was established in 1906, whcih was renamed the Farmland Assoeiation by the Rural Development Enouragement Law in 1970. By the end of 1971, 411,000 ha of rice paddies were under the control of 267 associations nationwide. The average water price assessed by Associations nationwide rose from 790 won per 0.1 ha. in 1966 to 1,886 won in 1971. The annual growth rate was 20%. The highest water price in 1971 was 4,773 won her 0.1 ha. and the lowest was 437 won. This range was caused by differences in debt burden, geographic conditions and management efficiency among the Associations. In 1971, the number of Associations which exceeded the average water price of 1,886 won per 0.1 ha. was 144, or 55.1% of all Association. In determination of water price, there are two principles; one is determined by production cost such as installation cost of irrigation facilities, maintenance cost, management cost and depreciation ect. For instance, the Yong San River Development project was required 33.7 billion won for total construction and maintenance cost is 3.1 billion won for repayment, maintenance and management cost per year. The project produces 590 million $m^3$ of irrigation water annually. Accordingly, the water price per $m^3$ is 5.25 won. The other principle is determined by water value in the crop products and in compared with production of irrigated paddy and non-irrigated paddy. By using this method, water value in compared with paddy rice vs. upland rice(Average of 1967-1971) was 14.15 won per $m^3$ and irrigated paddy vs. non-irrigated paddy was 2.98 won per $m^3$. In contrast the irrigation fee in average association of 1967-1971 was 1.54 won per $m^3$. Accordingly, the current national average irrigation fee(water price) is resonable compared with its water value. In this study, it is found that the ceiling of water price in terms of water value is 2.98 won per $m^3$ or 2,530 won per 0.1 ha. However, in 1971 55% of the associations were above the average of nationwide irrigation fees. which shows the need for rationalization of the Association's management. In connection with rationalization of the Association's management, this study recommends the following matters. (1) Irrigation fee must be assessed according to the amount of water consumption taking intoaccount the farmer's ability. (2) Irrigation fee should be graded according to behefits and crop patterns. (3) Training personnel in the operation and procedures of water management to save O&M costs. (4) Insolvent farmland association should be integrated into larger, sound associations in the same GUN in order to reduce farmers' water cost. (5) The maintenance and repair of existing irrigation facilities is as important as expansion of facilities. (6) Establishment of a new Union of Farmland Association is required to promoted proper maintenance and to protect the huge investment in irrigation facilities by means of technical supervision and guidance.

• 한국국제농업개발학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.475-484
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• 2011

최근 글로벌기업들의 신흥국 시장 쟁탈전이 격화되고 중국의 곡물수출이 금지되고 있는 상황에서 새로운 시장으로 지리적으로 아세안의 중심에 있는 캄보디아가 주목받고 있다. 캄보디아는 최근 몇 년 동안 정부의 적극적인 개혁정책으로 고도의 성장을 이루었고, 개방적인 시장경제체제를 유지하며 해외투자자본 유치에 적극적으로 힘쓰고 있다. 특히 농업은 캄보디아의 근본적인 가난과 빈곤을 해결해줄 가장 중요한 산업으로 정부 차원에서 많은 지원이 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해서 대캄보디아 투자에 관심이 많은 한국투자자들에게 유익한 정보를 제공하고자 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 캄보디아는 농업에 적합한 기후와 자연환경, 저렴한 인건비와 큰 잠재력을 가진 매력적인 투자처로서 각광을 받고 있고 우리나라 농산업체들도 많이 진출하고 있지만 대상국의 정치적, 경제적, 사회적 여건, 법제도, 양국간의 협력관계 등 철저한 사전조사가 선행되어야 할 것이다. 2. 캄보디아는 열악한 인프라와 관개시설의 미비, 만연한 부정부패, 사회문화적 차이로 인한 인력 운용 등의 문제점들을 해소하기 위해서는 농업 인프라 조성에 KOICA와 연계한 지원이 필요하고, 기술적으로는 KOPIA같은 해외농업개발을 위한 전문 기관과 연계한 인력 양성이 필수적이다. 3. 캄보디아는 현재 외국의 투자자들이 원활히 투자할 수 있도록 투자관련 기관을 총리실 직속으로 두는 등 법과 제도를 정비해 나가고 있다. 그러나 법과 제도의 운영이 법에 따라 시행되지 못하고 있는 점 등을 감안하여, 정부차원 뿐만 아니라 민간기업과 힘을 합쳐 투자 전에 철저한 조사와 분석이 필요할 것이다. 4. 한국의 해외식량기지 건설은 정부와 기업체 그리고 우리 국민들의 관심과 지원이 필요하다. 이제는 농업을 단순히 하나의 상품을 생산하는 여러 산업 중 하나가 아니라 국가의 전략적 산업의 하나로 바라볼 때이다.