• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.541-550
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• 2011

Objective: The objective of this study is to present varying cases of ergonomic improvements in equipments for agricultural work. Background: In Korean agricultural sector, many older people and females, who may be more vulnerable to musculoskeletal diseases than young males, are doing high stressful tasks such as manual materials tasks, harvesting, etc. For reducing the work stress of the farmers, the Korean government has been performing support projects to provide the farmers with agricultural implements specified for their crops. In the projects, ergonomics experts have participated and helped modify the equipments. Method: Fifty cases of equipment improvements, which were carried out in 33 farming organizations cultivating 13 different crops, were reviewed and presented by equipments and their parts. Results: In total, 283 cases of improvements for 12 equipments including 4-wheel, 1-wheel, and 3-wheel powered carts, grass cutter, conveyer, pest control machine, and so on, were presented. The improvements were also classified according to the ergonomic principles like compatibility, ease of use, safety and fitting to the anthropometry, etc. Frequencies of improvements by equipment and its part were the highest in carts and controls, respectively. Principles of safety and ease of use were adopted more frequently in improving equipments than others. Conclusion: The tables of examples of improvements of agricultural implements are main results of this study and the systematical summaries are expected to be widely used in the development of more improved agricultural implements. Application: The results could be used as practical guidelines in ergonomically developing and modifying agricultural implements by both the experts and non-experts in ergonomics. The improvements would contribute to reduction of stress in farm work, which result in increasing the level of safety and health of Korean agricultural society.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.82-89
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• 2019

This study is a structural analysis of the major components of the implements for an agricultural tractor. To develop an unpowered high-speed implement of an agricultural tractor, the modeling and analysis of the benchmarking product was calculated using 3D scanning and reverse design technologies. The tractive load was calculated using the powertrain efficiencies and soil-propelling force, which were estimated by analyzing the main frame, disc, frames, and chisel plow for the axial loading condition. The final goal of this research is to establish the design parameters and assembly technology for securing disc harrow structures and durability of life. This information will be used to analyze the new model design for domestic consumption.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1996.06a
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• pp.209-215
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• 1996

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1996.06c
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• pp.413-422
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• 1996

" Row -Zone Tillage" systems apply tillage procedures only to narrow strips of land where the next crop rows will be planted. The tilled zones are no more than 25% of the field area. Row-zone tillage procedures of crop production are conservative, where in the soil remains partially covered with protective residues while crops are planted , fertilized , grown , and harvested in the row-zones. Specially adapted implements are being developed for these operations. There is potential for minimizing farm machinery inventories. Limited crop response data are available from Canada and the USA.d the USA.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.521-528
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• 2002

Rotary and plow implements are mainly utilized for the tillage operation in Korea, and a implement control system for agricultural tractors was designed and fabricated to improve the working accuracy and efficiency. The control system was composed of three units: 1) sensors fur detection of angle of liftarm, draft force, engine rpm, tillage depth and so on, 2) a controller, and 3) hydraulic circuits, which included solenoid valves and so on, for operation of three point linkage and implements. The control system can control the speed(high and low speed) of implements by adjusting input flow rates of the hydraulic cylinder which was controled by two speed valve, which was composed of a solenoid valve and a orifice. Indoor experiments were conducted to evaluate response characteristics of the designed implement control system under experimental conditions of various engine nm, two kinds of input flow rates of the cylinder and some input frequency. The results of experiments showed the response characteristics sufficient to use as the implement control system fur agricultural tractors.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.427-438
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• 1998

In Korea, rotary implements are mainly utilized in the tillage operation. The attitude control system for rolling phenominon of tractors, which in caused due to uneven ground surfaces and sinkage of tractor wheels, is one of the most important control systems in agricultural tractors. The attitude control system of a rotary implement, attached on tractors, was designed and fabricated in this study. The control system was largely composed of four main units; a setting unit, a detection unit, a controller and a hydraulic unit. The implement was controlled by control signals from a computer proportional to controlled errors, on/off action of two directional solenoide valve and lift cylinder on the right lift rod. Response characteristic experiments for the control system fabricated in this study were carried out indoors and outdoors. The results of experiments showed the response characteristics sufficient to use as the attitude control system of rotary implements for agricultural tractors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.178-187
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• 2000

The tillage operation by rotary implements is widely done in Korea. In the case of rotary implements, the tillage depth control system is one of important implement control systems. A contact type-sensor for measurement of the ground height was designed and fabricated to evaluate the possibility of application of the sensor on the tillage depth control system. Indoor experiments were conducted to obtain static and dynamic detection characteristics of the sensor under various conditions; 1) several moisture contents for four soil samples, 2) two soil surfaces with a designed configuration, 3) four heights of the sensor from the soil surface, 4) five traveling speeds of the carrier on which the sensor was attached, and so on. The experimental results showed the detection characteristics of the sensor sufficient as the ground height sensor of the tillage depth control system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.30-35
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• 2021

In this study, we developed an automatic module changer for agricultural implements for using in unmanned agricultural robots. An automatic module changer is attached by lowering from the top to bottom of the implements and fixing the four fastener bars attached to the implements in combination. The lift function was implemented using seesaw-type structures to keep the engagement point constant when the automatic module changer climbs and descends, and the switching function of the automatic module changer was implemented using the link device in the cam structure. We developed an algorithm to check the presence of attachment and opening/closing of the workpiece using limit switches and verified the performance through combination assessment and weight lift test to assess whether the combination was within the error range.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.373-382
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• 1993

A non-contact sensor for detecting distance from field surface to a predetermined location of a tractor will be useful to control precise height of implements such as tillage machinery, mowers etc.. An optical and an ultrasonic sensors were designed and fabricated . The indoor and outdoor experiments were conducted to obtain the static and dynamic characteristics of the two sensors at several moisture levels of four soils and on the soil surface with a designed shape. The results revealed that the optical sensor is unsuitable for soils with high moisture content but showed better detecting accuracy on the irregularity of soil surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.98-107
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• 1993

Domestic production of agricultural machinery has come to be seen as appropriate entry route in the capital goods industry for most African countries, including Ghana, which has purely and strongly agricultural -based economics with a weak industrial infrastructure. Recent studies in Ghana do indicate that in addition to possessing technological capability in the manufacture of handtools, there is evidence of increased production of machinery for the primary food processing sector. Local manufacture of tractors and associated implements is embryonic, with an average domestic production of agricultural machinery in Ghana and analyses the available technologies and economic indicators in the local agricultural machinery industry. Areas for indicators in the local agricultural machinery industry. Areas for future development are identified.