• 제목/요약/키워드: Agricultural Industry Design

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Effects of Inclusion Levels of Wheat Bran and Body Weight on Ileal and Fecal Digestibility in Growing Pigs

  • Huang, Q.;Su, Y.B.;Li, D.F.;Liu, L.;Huang, C.F.;Zhu, Z.P.;Lai, C.H.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제28권6호
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    • pp.847-854
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    • 2015
  • The objective of this study was to determine the effects of graded inclusions of wheat bran (0%, 9.65%, 48.25% wheat bran) and two growth stages (from 32.5 to 47.2 kg and 59.4 to 78.7 kg, respectively) on the apparent ileal digestibility (AID), apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and hindgut fermentation of nutrients and energy in growing pigs. Six light pigs (initial body weight [BW] $32.5{\pm}2.1kg$) and six heavy pigs (initial BW $59.4{\pm}3.2kg$) were surgically prepared with a T-cannula in the distal ileum. A difference method was used to calculate the nutrient and energy digestibility of wheat bran by means of comparison with a basal diet consisting of corn-soybean meal (0% wheat bran). Two additional diets were formulated by replacing 9.65% and 48.25% wheat bran by the basal diet, respectively. Each group of pigs was allotted to a $6{\times}3$ Youden square design, and pigs were fed to three experimental diets during three 11-d periods. Hindgut fermentation values were calculated as the differences between ATTD and AID values. For the wheat bran diets, the AID and ATTD of dry matter (DM), ash, organic matter (OM), carbohydrates (CHO), gross energy (GE), and digestible energy (DE) decreased with increasing inclusion levels of wheat bran (p<0.05). While only AID of CHO and ATTD of DM, ash, OM, CHO, GE, and DE content differed (p<0.05) when considering the BW effect. For the wheat bran ingredient, there was a wider variation effect (p<0.01) on the nutrient and energy digestibility of wheat bran in 9.65% inclusion level due to the coefficient of variation (CV) of the nutrient and energy digestibility being higher at 9.65% compared to 48.25% inclusion level of wheat bran. Digestible energy content of wheat bran at 48.25% inclusion level (4.8 and 6.7 MJ/kg of DM, respectively) fermented by hindgut was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that in 9.65% wheat bran inclusion level (2.56 and 2.12 MJ/kg of DM, respectively), which was also affected (p<0.05) by two growth stages. This increase in hindgut fermentation caused the difference in ileal DE (p<0.05) to disappear at total tract level. All in all, increasing wheat bran levels in diets negatively influences the digestibility of some nutrients in pigs, while it positively affects the DE fermentation in the hindgut.

Pea starch increases the dry matter flow at the distal ileum and reduces the amino acids digestibility in ileal digesta collected after 4 hours postprandial of pigs fed low-protein diets

  • Zhou, Junyan;Wang, Lu;Yang, Guangxin;Yang, Lijie;Zeng, Xiangfang;Qiao, Shiyan
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • 제35권7호
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    • pp.1021-1029
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    • 2022
  • Objective: The study was aimed to investigate the rules of postprandial changes in intestine digesta dry matter (DM) flow and amino acid digestibility of growing pigs fed low-protein (LP) diets made of different starch. Methods: Eight barrows (28.8±2.1 kg) with a T-cannula at the distal ileum were randomly allotted to an 8×3 Youden square design. Treatments included: waxy corn starch LP (WLP); corn starch LP (CLP) and pea starch LP (PLP). Diets were given at 08:00 and 20:00. Digesta samples were collected in six 2-h stages from 08:00 to 20:00. Results: The Cr concentrations of ileal digesta increased and then decreased in WLP and CLP, while increased continuously in PLP as time passed after postprandial (p<0.05). Higher average Cr concentrations (0.78% and 0.84% vs 0.70%; p<0.05) and lower average DM flow (181.1 g/kg and 166.3 g/kg vs 240.3 g/kg; p<0.001) were observed in WLP and CLP, compared with PLP. The apparent ileal digestibility coefficient of most amino acids in WLP and CLP increased compared with that in PLP. No difference in lysine or methionine digestibility was observed. When digesta were collected in 2-h periods, the apparent ileal digestibility coefficient of amino acids did not change over time. When digesta was collected in 4-h periods from 16:00 to 20:00 and 6-h periods from 14:00 to 20:00 (p<0.05), WLP and CLP showed markedly higher amino acid digestibility than PLP Conclusion: High-amylose slowly digested starch can increase the DM flow at the distal ileum and reduce the apparent ileal digestibility coefficient of amino acids of pigs fed LP diets. Compared with waxy corn starch and corn starch, pea starch reduced the digestibility of amino acids in digesta collected after 4 h postprandial.

Effect of Microbial Phytase on Performance, Nutrient Absorption and Excretion in Weaned Pigs and Apparent Ileal Nutrient Digestibility in Growing Pigs

  • Zeng, Z.K.;Piao, X.S.;Wang, D.;Li, P.F.;Xue, L.F.;Salmon, Lorraine;Zhang, H.Y.;Han, X.;Liu, L.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제24권8호
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    • pp.1164-1172
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    • 2011
  • Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Trichoderma reesei derived phytase for pigs fed diets with fixed calcium to total phosphorus ratios (1.5:1). In Exp. 1, 280 weaned pigs (initial BW of $10.32{\pm}1.94$ kg) were allocated to one of five dietary treatments on the basis of weight and gender in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were the low phosphorus (0.6% Ca, 0.4% total P and 0.23% available P) diets supplemented with 0, 250, 1,000, or 2,000 FTU phytase/kg of diet and a positive control diet (PC; 0.85% Ca, 0.58% total P and 0.37% available P). The treatments were applied to seven pens with eight pigs per pen, half male and half female. In Exp. 2, six barrows fitted with ileal T-cannula (initial BW = $35.1{\pm}1.6$ kg) were assigned to three dietary treatments with a double $3{\times}3$ Latin square design. The dietary treatments were the low-phosphorus diet (0.53% Ca, 0.34% total P and 0.14% available P), the low phosphorus diet plus 1,000 FTU phytase/kg and a positive control diet (0.77% Ca, 0.50% total P and 0.30% available P). In Exp. 1, there were linear increases (p<0.01) in weight gain, phosphorus absorption, bone strength, calcium and phosphorus content of fat-free dried bone and plasma phosphorus concentrations with increasing dose rate of phytase. The performance of pigs fed the diets with 250, 1,000, or 2,000 FTU of phytase/kg did not differ from pigs fed the PC diet. Pigs fed diets with 1,000 or 2,000 FTU of phytase/kg did not differ from pigs fed the PC diet in bone characteristics. The apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ash and energy was not affected by dietary treatment. However, pigs fed the PC diet excreted more fecal phosphorus (g/d, p<0.01) and fecal phosphorus per BW gain (g/kg) than pigs fed the diets with phytase. Phytase linearly decreased (p<0.01) fecal phosphorus excreted per BW gain (g/kg), plasma calcium concentration as well as plasma and bone alkaline phosphatase activity. In Exp. 2, phytase supplementation in the low-P diet increased (p<0.05) the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of Ca, P, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, alanine and cysteine, tended to AID of crude protein, isoleucine, threonine, asparagine and serine. In conclusion, the novel phytase originated from Trichoderma reesei is effective in releasing Ca, P, and amino acids from corn soy based diet for pigs.

Economic Growth and Employment in the Korean Agri-Food Industry: Examining the Buffering Effect and Sensitivity of Temporary Employment

  • Byung Min SOON
    • Asian Journal of Business Environment
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.19-30
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This research article investigates the intricate relationship between economic growth and employment in the Korean agri-food industry. Research design, data and methodology: Drawing on Okun's law, which proposes a negative correlation between economic growth and unemployment, the study explores the applicability of this law to different sectors. By focusing on the agri-food industry, the study examines the impact of economic growth on both full-time and temporary employment. Results: The findings highlight the industry's role as a buffer, absorbing workers from other sectors, particularly manufacturing. Moreover, the study reveals that temporary employment is more sensitive to economic growth fluctuations compared to full-time employment. Conclusions: The research emphasizes the importance of implementing employment programs that support transitioning workers in the agri-food industry, facilitating knowledge and skill transfer to ensure sustained employment. Furthermore, it recommends government and company support for temporary employment during buffering periods to ensure safe job transitions. This study provides valuable evidence to understand the nuanced relationship between economic growth and employment in the Korean agri-food industry.

Effects on the Consumer Buying Behavior of an Agricultural Brand in South Korea

  • Kim, Pan-Jin;Kim, Mi-Song;Kim, Wanki;Mehyaoui, Ouafaa;Youn, Myoung-Kil
    • 산경연구논집
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.21-28
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - This study aims to understand the brand marketing of agricultural products and redefine their status in South Korea by analyzing impacts on consumer buying behaviors. Research design, data, and methodology - Products, with independent variables, were divided into agricultural brand products and generic products. Dependent variables were limited to expanding sales of a specialty brand through consumer awareness, consumer buying behavior, and confidence in agricultural products' quality. Control variables were based on characteristics of products such as freshness, safety, quality, and their category. Moderating effects were examined on consumer characteristics, including income levels and age. Results - Consumers increasingly purchased agricultural brand products rather than generic agricultural products because of the general reliability of quality assurance. Conclusions - Large agricultural specialty stores have enhanced the perceptions of quality assurance, freshness, safety, and diversity. Through a critical analysis of the domestic consumer income levels and age, gender, and demographic factors, such as agricultural consumer buying behavior not affecting consumers' health and life, this study proposes positive changes in quality perception.

디지털 농업 데이터 활용 및 서비스 제공을 위한 농산업 데이터 공유 플랫폼 설계 (Designing an Agricultural Data Sharing Platform for Digital Agriculture Data Utilization and Service Delivery)

  • 김승재;이명훈;고진광
    • 한국빅데이터학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2023
  • 본 논문은 국내 농업 산업이 직면한 주요 과제를 해결하기 위한 농업 데이터 공유 플랫폼의 설계 과정을 제시한다. 사용자의 편의성을 위해 사용자 요구사항을 우선적으로 고려한 인터페이스로 설계되었으며 다양한 분석 기술을 제공하여 현장에서의 환경, 생육, 경영 및 제어 데이터에 대한 분석 결과를 시각화하여 제공하는 플랫폼을 설계하였다. 또한 플랫폼은 File to DB 및 DB to DB 연결 방식을 지원하여 플랫폼과 농가 간의 원활한 연결을 보장한다. UI 디자인 프로세스는 HTML/CSS 기반 언어, JavaScript, React를 활용하여 플랫폼 로그인부터 데이터 업로드, 데이터 분석, 시각화 기능까지 포괄적인 서비스를 제공하도록 설계되었다. 본 연구를 통해 한국형 스마트팜 모델 개발에 기여하고 농업 현장 및 연구자들에게 신뢰할 수 있는 데이터를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

굴곡지형 안전주행시스템의 개발 (Development of Stable Traveling Systems for Stairs and Off-road)

  • 최중섭;전형규
    • 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.129-135
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    • 2009
  • This paper describes traveling systems consisting of one major-wheel and three minor-wheels attached to each tip of three spokes. A link of inter-axle plays an important role of the system. It connects secondary axle to the major wheel axle. Its length is determined to ascend stably various stairs. The systems was designed to mount a cart for carrying agricultural products. The systems was applied to ascend stairs, travel on sand and cross a obstacle, despite of simple design.

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UHF RFID를 활용한 흑돼지 진품인증시스템 설계 및 구현 (A Design and Implementation of Genuine Quotation System of Black Pigs Using UHF RFID)

  • 고석용;김휴찬;김형수
    • 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.93-100
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    • 2008
  • After free trade, it is increasing to import crops, aquatic products, and livestock which are produce in a foreign land. But it is affect negatively to trust relationships and markets of Jeju's foods because of breaking it out that foreign productions exchange domestic. Therefore, this paper designed and implemented the Genuine Quotation system of Black pigs using UHF RFID. This system is developed for distinguishing spuriousness, then searching information of the product through EPC ONS in EPCIS to print within a screen. Moreover, this intuitional and efficient system is constructed by connecting various sensors and lights. It can be contributed income increase thorough the security for the quality authority of the agricultural & stockbreeding products with FCS, FCG Certificate and the genuine certificate of the black pig which is the one of most typical agricultural & stockbreeding products in the pure Green Province, Jeju.

Natural Adhesives from Agricultural By-products: A Review

  • Kim, Min-Hyeok;Kim, Hye-Been;Cheong, Kyu-Min;Seo, Yu-Ri;Lim, Ki-Taek
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 2017년도 춘계공동학술대회
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    • pp.111-111
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    • 2017
  • There still exist adhesives that have toxic compounds or consist of those materials in both our life and lots of industries. For instance, formaldehyde adhesive had been still used for woodworking and some medical adhesives had been considered as toxicity problems. In this situation, natural adhesives from raw materials have been suggested as an one of considerable interests. Natural adhesives in recent have been reported fabrication methods via biological materials such as proteins, celluloses, and starches. By-products derived from agricultural something have them richly and each has additional special properties. Using these properties to make natural adhesives, unique adhesives would be attained. In particular, rice-based adhesive is such a good example. Rice-based by-product adhesives have interestingly some pros pertaining to high adhesive strength, excellent water resistance and could dramatically be reduced a formaldehyde a harmful component of plywood. Hence, rice-based adhesive like glues could be applied to lots of industries including agricultural and biological technology. This review paper highlighted some recent development on natural adhesives as a promising biomaterial for agricultural and biological technology fields. The design of agricultural by-product-based natural adhesives were described to demonstrate the application of agricultural and biological technology

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Mathematical Model and Design Optimization of Reduction Gear for Electric Agricultural Vehicle

  • Pratama, Pandu Sandi;Byun, Jae-Young;Lee, Eun-Suk;Keefe, Dimas Harris Sean;Yang, Ji-Ung;Chung, Song-Won;Choi, Won-Sik
    • 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2019
  • In electric agricultural machine the gearbox is used to increase torque and lower the output speed of the motor shaft. The gearbox consists of several shafts, helical gears and spur gears works in series. Optimization plays an important role in gear design as reducing the weight or volume of a gear set will increase its service life and improve the bearing capacity. In this paper the basic design parameters for gear like shaft diameter and face width are considered as the input variables. The bending stress and material volume is considered as the objective function. ANSYS was used to investigate the bending stress when the variable was changed. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used to obtain the mathematical model of the system based on the bending stress behaviour. The ANN was used since the output system is nonlinear. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique of optimization is used to obtain the optimized values of shaft diameter and face width on the pinion based on the ANN mathematical model and the results are compared as that obtained using the traditional method. The ANN and GA were performed using MATLAB. The simulation results were shown that the proposed algorithm was successfully calculated the value of shaft diameter and face width to obtain the minimal bending stress and material volume of the gearbox.