• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.55-88
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• 2012

This article investigates the patterns of workforce aging in each industry, and examines how changing industrial structure affected the labor-market demand for and employment security of older workers in Korea. The relative size of the industries that are major employers of older workers has relatively declined since 2001, resulting in a decrease in labor-market demand for aged persons. Changes in industrial structure that occurred during the last decade have also brought an overall deterioration in the extent of employment security of older workers. These results suggest that the economic environment surrounding policies aimed at encouraging the employment of older workers is not entirely favorable. This paper also points out that policy makers need to consider that employment conditions of older workers are highly heterogenous across industries.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.37-43
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• 2019

The existing smart farm technology has been systematized for the mass production rather than the consumer. There are many problems such as economical aspect to apply to actual rural environment due to aging. The purpose of this study is to apply smart farm technology based on the applicability of population aged in rural areas. Due to the heat wave, the crops in general greenhouse cultivation facilities suffered from damage such as sunlight damage. To minimize such damage, adjust the temperature and humidity environment or install a light-shielding film. However, the workers in the rural areas are aging and the elderly who are farming alone have a lot of difficulties in doing so. In the case of people with weak physical strength, there is a danger that they may lead to safety accidents when carrying heavy loads. In this paper, we propose 'Smart Palm capable of automatic transportation function', applying small smart vehicles that follow workers to existing smart farms to improve and prevent these problems. It is a smart farm that performs the control functions of the existing smart greenhouse environment, installs the rail for each trough, and has a vehicle that follows the worker. The smart app can directly control the greenhouse and the vehicle remotely manually.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2023

Due to the aging workforce in the construction industry in South Korea, the accident rate has been increasing. The cognitive abilities of older workers are closely related to both safety incidents and labor productivity. Therefore, there is a need to improve cognitive abilities through personalized training based on cognitive assessment results, using cognitive training content, in order to enable safe performance in labor-intensive environments. The provided cognitive training content includes concentration, memory, oreintation, attention, and executive functions. Difficulty levels were applied to each content to enhance user engagement and interest. To stimulate interest and encourage active participation of the participants, the difficulty level was automatically adjusted based on feedback from the MMSE-DS results and content measurement data. Based on the accumulated data, individual training scenarios have been set differently to intensively improve insufficient cognitive skills, and cognitive training programs will be developed to reduce safety accidents at construction sites through measured data and research. Through such simple cognitive training, it is expected that the reduction of accidents in the aging construction workforce can lead to a decrease in the social costs associated with prolonged construction periods caused by accidents.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.1 s.85
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• pp.145-158
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to elicit the multi-dimensions of retirement expectations, and explore sub-factors of retirement expectations which predict the possibility of worker's participation to each pre-retirement planning programs. The major findings were as follows: first, this study shows that there are four sub-factors; Imposed frustration, New beginning, Transition to rest, Continuing. And there was a significant difference in retirement expectation according to sex, age, income, and health status. Second, the major affecting factors on participation in pre-retirement planning programs were sex, age, job, educational attainment, and health status. Third, those who have retirement expectations of 'Imposed frustration' tend to attend re-employment, leisure, and health education. Those who have retirement expectations of 'Transition to rest' tend to attend re-employment, inauguration education. And those who have retirement of 'Continuing' tend to attend leisure education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.127-134
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• 1996

Recently, in Korea the birthrate is declining and the average life span has been increasing. Thus, compared to the previous periods nowadays, older people are required to work. Even elderly people are rejoining the workforce. Korean companies set the retirement age between 55 and 60 years of age, however, accidents occur frequently. Thus, it becomes necessary to evaluate the ability of the elderly person. Since the required function of the worker varies from job to job the evaluation of the capability must also be conducted according to the desired functions. One of the methods used in this study is the continuous control knob to evaluate the tracking control ability to investigate the relationship of manual dexterity and age. The result of the study Indicates that the manual dexterity decreases with age. However, there are differences among individuals. The individuals lifestyle affected the manual dexterity of that individual. As a result, a company may use the manual dexterity as an measure to evaluate the elderly persons work ability.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 2020

With the decrease of the agricultural population in Korea, the workers who is vulnerable to labor are increasing in agricultural industry because of aging, feminization of population. They are exposed in poor working environment with higher temperature and concentrations of dust, gas. Higher concentration of harmful gas and dust can cause chronic and acute disease to workers depending on exposure intensity and frequency. In order to improve the working environment in the livestock facilities, It is important to secure monitoring data of the thermal environment and the concentration of harmful gases and fine dust. Multi-point measurement was performed to analyze the regional environmental conditions in the pig rooms. When analyzing the working environment, video monitoring was conducted to analyze the concentration changes of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and fine dust according to worker movement and work type. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide monitoring result showed 1.5~2 times higher concentrations than other work when working in the pigs living zone, and 2~4 times higher than other work when working to increase the activity of pigs. In the case of fine dust, the result was 1.3 times higher than the worker's exposure standard in a specific work. The concentrations of gases and dusts from pig farms are not of concern for acute poisoning in normal work, but there is a risk of chronic respiratory disease if they are continuously exposed. Accordingly, there is a need for development of work environment monitoring device tailored to workers and preparation of alternatives.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.423-440
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to prepare the department creation and the staff increase of education institution by forecasting the demand of health and welfare workers according to execution of the elderly's long-terms treatment insurance system in July, 2008. We estimated confirmors of the elderly's long-terms treatment and the demand of professional workers of health and welfare field due to the increase of care insurance users in facilities treatment organization, care at home service facilities, and family allowance facilities for 2010-2030. The numbers of social welfare professional worker are estimated as 16,624 workers in 2020 and 24,688 workers in 2030. The numbers of nurses are forecasted as 11.287 in 2020 and 16,624 in 2030, we expect that the increase of the demand be accelerated. The demand of necessary care probation worker is 44,824 in 2009, but we already trained over around 500,000 workers in 1,078 education institutions through one year in Aug. 31, 2009, which excesses over the numbers of workers demanded as much as 10 times.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.256-265
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• 2017

Seafood is attracting attention as a future food industry. In recent years, the demand for fishery equipment of mechanization, automation, and unmanned was increased due to the environment affected by seafood processing, stricter regulations on safety, decline and aging of fishery worker. Ark shell (Scapharca subcrenata) was being produced in many steps in the production process. The process has been made such as collection-landing-washing-first sort (goods/non-goods)-transports-second sort (size). It was undergone first and second steps by delivering to the consumer. Here, the first step is to sort goods to collection and the second step is to sort by size. The fishery workers need ten people in first step and six people in second step. The workload of one hour per kg is 4,247 kg/h in first step and 2,213 kg/h in second step. In addition, the goods ratio by work process was 79% in first step and 98% in the second step. In this process, a lot of fishery worker and working time is needed. Therefore, this study developed elemental techniques for an automated size sorting system considering the working process problem, time and situation for washing and sorting of ark shell.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2023

With the restriction of foreigners' entry into Korea due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the fishery industry faced significant challenges in supplying migrant workers. In response to this, there is growing interest in methods that could facilitate the stable employment of migrant workers. This paper investigates whether the current system used for the employment of migrant workers in the fishery industry, which is highly dependent on them, adequately performs its function of providing a stable and skilled workforce amid the intensified labor shortage resulting from decreasing numbers of households with employment in the fishery and the aging Korean fishermen. To this end, past studies and government documents pertaining to the current system were analyzed, and a survey targeting the owners of offshore fishing boats that employ migrant workers was conducted. A total of 147 owners of fishing boats responded to the survey, and the data of 499 migrant workers employed by them were used for the analysis. The analysis indicated that the migrant fishermen had difficulty in acquiring minimum scores for the change of visa status according to the criteria for the Skilled Worker Points System. Furthermore, distinct differences were found between the characteristics and working conditions of migrant workers employed through the Employment Permit System (EPS) and the Foreign Seamen System. Based on this result, this paper suggests the reorganization of the skilled migrant worker system in the fishery industry and the expansion of the regional specialized visa pilot project.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.464-476
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the exposure levels of tollbooth workers to diesel particulate matter using black carbon (BC) and to find the correlations among variables associated with BC using the motor vehicle management act regulated by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Methods: This study was performed over 14 days at a university in Seoul. BC levels were monitored using an aethalometer and were conducted around the breathing zones of the workers. There were three sampling locations: inside the tollbooth (front gate and rear gate) and an office as a control group. T-test, correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were performed using SPSS. Results: The geometric mean (GM) of BC_30min concentrations in the exposure group was 2.44 ㎍/㎥, approximately 1.4 times higher than the control group (1.75 ㎍/㎥). The GM of BC_30min concentrations was 2.75 ㎍/㎥ during the heavy traffic time (9-10 am) and 2.30 ㎍/㎥ during non-heavy traffic times (p<0.001). The multiple linear regression analysis shows that the number of all types of vehicles and PM_2.5 concentrations in the atmosphere were factors increasing the GM of BC(ln(BC_30min)) concentrations (adjusted R²=0.42, p<0.001). The workers were constantly exposed to low concentrations (GM of BC_30min=2.44 ㎍/㎥), but they were exposed to peak concentrations instantly (BC_10sec=3545.04 ㎍/㎥). When the GM of BC_30min concentrations was momentarily represented as high, it was identified that a vehicle mainly using diesel fuel or an aging vehicle had passed. Conclusions: A ventilation system should be installed in the closed tollbooth or aging vehicles should be controlled so as not to pass tollbooths.