• Animal cells and systems
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.325-328
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• 2000

Parthenin was extracted from Parthenium hysterophorus L. leaves growing in northern part of India, and its effect was tested on the seed germination parameters and other related characteristics of Ageratum conyzoides L. weed. Parthenin proved phytotoxic to A. conyzoides as most of the studied parameters were inhibited. It may lead to a possible biological eradication of the A. cpnyzoides weed.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2012

Botanicals have been regarded as sustainable solution of pest control because of their nominal effect on nontarget pest, biodegradability and other environment friendly properties. However, study on impact of botanicals against beneficial insects is less. In this investigation effort has been made to study the effect of essential oils of Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum gratissimum and Ageratum conyzoides against non-mulberry silkworm Antheraea assama in terms of percent mortality, total haemocyte count (THC) and phenol oxidase (PO) enzyme activity. After application of essential oil of the plants by contact residual film technique, age dependent decrease of percent mortality was recorded. Topical treatment of oil at higher dosages ($1{\mu}lg^{-1}$ and $0.5{\mu}lg^{-1}$) caused 100% mortality of late instar larvae at 24 hour but the lowest dose ($0.25{\mu}lg^{-1}$) did not cause any mortality till 48 hour of treatment. Initial increase of total haemocyte count (THC) was recorded at early hours of treatment (0.25 hour) at all dosages (1, 0.5, $0.25{\mu}lg^{-1}$) after topical treatment. A dose dependent increase was observed in phenol oxidase enzyme activity and this might indicate ability of the essential oils to cause induction of immune response in Antheraea assama larvae.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.328-332
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• 2009

Diseases caused by Pepper yellow leaf curl virus infection is considered to be emerging plant diseases in Indonesia in the last five years. One key factor for disease management is the availability of accurate detection of the virus in plants. Polyclonal antibody for Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus-Bogor (PYLCIV-Bgr) was produced for detection of the virus using I-ELISA and DIBA methods. The antibody was able to detect PYLCIV-Bgr from infected plants up to dilution 1/16,384 and cross reaction was not observed with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), and Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV). Positive reaction was readily detected in membrane containing Begomovirus samples from Yogyakarta (Kaliurang and Kulonprogo) and West Java (Bogor and Segunung). Infection of PYLCIV-Bgr in chillipepper, tomato, and Ageratum conyzoides was also confirmed using polyclonal antibody for PYLCIV-Bgr in DIBA. Polyclonal antibody for PYLCIV-Bgr is suggested to be included in disease management approach due to its good detection level.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.382-389
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• 1997

말레이지아 Selangor지역(地域)의 부식질 경지토양(耕地土壤)에 분포(分布)하고 있는 경지(耕地)의 잡초식생(雜草植生)을 조사하고 정량적 생태분석을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같이 요약(要約)된다. 1. 이 지역(地域) 경지잡초(耕地雜草) 종조성(種組成)은 19과(科)에 속하는 31종(種)의 광엽잡초(廣葉雜草), 10종(種)의 화본과(禾本科) 잡초(雜草), 7종(種)의 사초과(莎草科) 잡초(雜草)로 이루어졌고, 잡초(雜草)의 식생피도(植生被度)에서 각각 77. 8. 15%를 점유하였으며, 이들의 중요도(重要度)는 각각 71, 11, 18%이었다. 2. 이 지역(地域) 경지잡초(耕地雜草)중 10종(種)의 우점종(優點種)은 우점도(優點度) 순위(順位)에서 Fimbristylis acuminata, Murdannia nudiflora, Hedyotis corymbosa, Ageratum conyzoides, Asystasia gangetica, Cleome rutidosperma, Cyperus sphacelatus, Lindernia crustacea, Ludwigia hyssopiflora 및 Ludwigia perennis이었다. 3. 이상과 같은 초종간(草種間) 우점도(優點度) 및 공간분포유형(空間分布類型)의 차이(差異)는 각 초종(草種) 본래(本來)의 종자생산성(鐘子生産性) 및 번식습성(繁殖習性)과 군집성(群集性)의 차이(差異)와 이 지역(地域) 경지(耕地)의 작물종류(作物種類), 작부체계(作付體系) 및 경종방법(耕種方法)과 제초관행(除草慣行)의 차이(差異)에 기인하는 것으로 생각한다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2010

P-gp plays a critical role in drug disposition and represents a mechanism for the development of multidrug resistance. Flavonoids, a major class of natural compounds widely present in foods and herbal products, have been shown to inhibit P-gp. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify new candidate chemosensitizers by screening various plant extracts. The ability of natural plant extracts to inhibit P-gp activity was assessed by measuring cellular accumulation of calcein AM, daunorubicin and vincristine in P-gp overexpressing MDCKII-MDR1 cells. Among more than 800 plant extracts, eight were found to inhibit P-gp activity. Curcuma aromatica extract produced greatest inhibition, followed by Curcuma longa and Dalbergia odorifera extracts. Extracts of Aloe ferox, Curcuma zedoariae rhizome, Zanthoxylum planispinum, and Ageratum conyzoides showed moderate inhibitory effects. Curcumin and quercetin exhibited similar inhibition of P-gpmediated efflux of daunorubicin and vincristine, and flavones had a lesser effect. When chemosensitizing effect was evaluated by measuring daunorubicin sensitivity to MDCKII-MDR1 cells in the presence of natural plant extracts, Curcuma aromatica showed the most potent chemosensitizing effect based on daunorubicin cytotoxicity. In conclusion, natural plant extracts such as Curcuma aromatica can potently inhibit P-gp activity and may have potential as a novel chemosensitizers.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.269-280
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• 1997

말레이지아 Selangor지역(地域)의 부식질 경지토양(耕地土壤)의 토심(土深) 0-25cm에 매립(埋立)되어있는 잡초종자(雜草種子)들의 종류(種類)와 분포특성(分布特性)을 조사분석(調査分析)하였으며, 이를 지상(地上)에 자라고 있는 잡초식생조사결과(雜草植生調査結果)와 관련시켜 고찰한 결과는 다음과 같이 요약(要約)된다. 1. 경지토양(耕地土壤)에 매립(埋立)되어 있는 잡초종자(雜草種子)는 14과(科)에 속하는 45종(種)의 잡초(雜草)가 식별되었으며, 그중 24종(種)이 광엽잡초(廣葉雜草)이었고, 화본과(禾本科) 12종(種), 사초과(莎草科) 9종(種)으로 지상(地上)에 자라고 있던 19과(科) 31종(種)과는 다소 달랐다. 2. 매립종자수(埋立種子數)는 $8.14{\times}10^7$/ha 토심(土深)25cm 수준이었으며, 초종별(草種別)로 매립종자수(埋立種子數)에 큰 차이(差異)를 보였는데 매립종자수(埋立種子數)에서 광엽잡초(廣葉雜草) 53.2%, 화본과잡초(禾本科雜草)31.2%, 사초과잡초(莎草科雜草) 15.6%로 구성(構成)되어 있었다. 3. 매립종자수(埋立種子數)(종자수(種子數)ha 토심(土深) 25cm)가 많은 10 순위(順位) 초종(草種)은 Cleome rutidesperma($2.347{\times}10^7$), Heteropogon contortus($5.64{\times}10^6$), Paspalum commersonii(4$4.64{\times}10^6$, Amaranthus gracilis ($3.60{\times}10^6$), Bracharia reptans($3.30{\times}10^6$), Fimbrysylis miliacea($2.64{\times}10^6$), Eleusine indica ($2.32{\times}10^6$, Murdannia nudiflora($2.08{\times}10^6$, Ageratum conyzoides($1.92{\times}10^6$), 및 Mimosa pudica($1.92{\times}10^6$)이었다. 4. 매립종자수(埋立種子數)의 토심별(土深別) 분포(分布)는 표토(表土) 0-10cm에 69%, 10-15cm에 17.9%, 15-20cm에 8.6%, 20-25cm에 4.0%로서 표층(表層)에 현저히 많이 분포(分布)하였다. 5. 토중(土中) 매립종자수면(埋立種子數面)에서의 우점종(優點種)은 지면생육중(地面生育中)의 우점도(優點度)와 달라서 매립종자수(埋立種子數)가 제일 많은 C. rutidesperma는 지상(地上)에서 우점도(優點度) 6순위(順位) 이었고 지상(地上)에서 우점도(優點度) 2, 4순위(順位)이었던 M. nudiflora와 A. conyzoides가 매립종자수(埋立種子數)에서 각각 8, 9순위(順位)이었으며 그 밖에는 우점도(優點度) 10순위내(順位內)에서 서로 관련되지 않았다. 6. 매립종자(埋立種子)들의 지리적(地理的) 위치분포(位置分布)에 관하여 분산/평균비(分散)/平均比), Lloyd의 평균군집도(平均群集度), Lloyd의 집중성(集中性) 분석(分析)을 한 결과 평균군집도(平均群集度)가 Cyperus iria 등 5초종(草種)은 1.244수준인데 대하여 Cleome rutidosperma는 9,607.7이었고, 우점도(優點度)는 Aeschynomene indica의 5.1 에서 Bracharia reptans의 188.5까지 초종별(草種別)로 다양한 차이(差異)를 보였다.