• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07c
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• pp.1851-1853
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• 1996

In this paper the criteria for insulating oil condition of pole transformer were suggested by applying the UV-Visible spectrophotometric method. Ageing of insulating oil caused the change in absorbances of oil os well os the deterioration of electrical properties of oil. By comparing the electrical properties such as $tan{\delta}$ and breakdown voltage with the UV-Visible absorbances of oil, criteria for absorbance values determining oil condition were established. This UV-Visible spectrophotometric method might be applied in ageing analysis of oil and be expected to replace the current method.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.760-767
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• 2015

First annulus formation and age determination of otoliths were examined for chub mackerel Scomber japonicus collected in Korean waters over the one year from January to December in 2009. Translucent zone was regarded as an annual mark. Age interpretation criteria was based on the data of the number of translucent zone, capture date, and edge type of the otolith, assuming the nominal birthday to be 1 January. Monthly changes in mean marginal index indicated that translucent zone was formed once a year, mainly in June. The otolith of 0-ring group was detected comparing the progression by month of the smaller fish length, appearing to be a single first opaque zone. The average distance from the core to the first translucent zone was ~1.77 mm, provided as supplementary information to increase ageing accuracy. The ageing criteria for chub mackerel was made to determine correct year-class with the purpose of effective stock assessment. This method using nominal birthdate and edge type analysis could estimate age of fish closer to the true age than purely counting the number of translucent zone on a whole otolith.

• Journal of East Asia Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.63-92
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• 2021

Human activities have been putting a great burden on the earth, leading to many serious problems, such as lack of resources, ecological degradation and air degradation. Although many countries have recognised this circumstance and have developed some sustainable development strategies, the earth still needs research on sustainability in different views and various industries. The nursing industry has grown with the ageing of the global population in recent years, and professional nursing institutions could relieve structural deterioration caused by the ageing population in family, social, economic and cultural. Hence, exploring the key criteria of organisational sustainability in the nursing industry is of the utmost priority. This paper puts forward an evaluation framework to identify the key criteria of organisational sustainability. After connections with nursing homes A and B in China, the author adopts literature research to confirm the criteria system which is based on triple bottom line, utilises analytical network process method to design the network hierarchy analysis model and importance comparison questionnaires to collect experts' first-hand data, and uses technical software - Super Decisions to integrate data and obtain final results. The results recommend three top-ranked criteria in the entire system, eco-recruitment, eco-procurement and corporate social responsibility are discussed with some professional suggestions in the end. The limitations are also extended in the last chapter to provide future research perspectives.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.71-101
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• 2011

Using an establishment-level panel data drawn from the employment insurance administrative DB, this study investigates the relationship between elderly and youth employment in Korea. The primary focus of interest is whether or not the ageing of workforce and an increase in elderly employment have negative impacts on youth employment. In the regression using the full sample, we find the evidence that a movement in elderly employment and ageing workforce are positively related to youth employment. However, we do not find consistent evidence of the positive impact of the elderly employment on youth employment in the estimations using sub-samples divided by various criteria.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-26
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a proportional reversed hazard rate model, in contrast to the celebrated proportional hazard model, and study some of its structural properties. Some criteria of ageing are presented and the inheritance of the ageing notions (of the base line distribution) by the proposed model are studied. Two important data sets are analyzed: one uncensored and the other having some censored observations. In both cases, the confidence bands for the failure rate and survival function are investigated. In one case the failure rate is bathtub shaped and in the other it is upside bath tub shaped and thus the failure rates are non-monotonic even though the baseline failure rate is monotonic. In addition, the estimates of the turning points of the failure rates are provided.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.72-82
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• 2017

Current world population is rapidly ageing and the disabled population is expected to age seriously as well. The concern about the elderly and the disabled is increased largely not just the field of social welfare and service but the housing planning where the physical environment of everyday life is. Recently in Ireland, 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes' is established and proposed in public. It is considered as initial and special national policy for the socially venerable. The purpose of this research is to analyze the User Benefit Characteristics(UBC) of 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes in Ireland' and clearly organize the characteristics for comprehensive communication. The research subjects are 444 guidelines of 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes in Ireland.' The research is conducted by contents analysis technique, and each guideline is analyzed by the 4 main concepts of UBC- 'Behavioral Facilitation(BF)', 'Physiological Maintenance(PhM)', 'Perceptual Maintenance(PM)', 'Social Facilitation(SF).' As results, the User Benefit Characteristic of 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes in Ireland' is ordered by PhM>PM>BF>SF. The design guidelines are supposed to support ageing in place and sustainable living in the existing houses even though people are ageing or being disabled. 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes in Ireland' supports safe behavior and comfort cognition especially in indoor and surrounding outdoor environment. This research is significant for sharing the knowledge and comprehension of decreasing environmental stress of the elderly in specific, and could be utilized for developing new elderly housing in future.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.186-195
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• 2007

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are the criteria of measuring project performance in order to attain construction excellence. Previous researchers have examined the abstract concept of success for general new construction and identified its relationship with the factors of success. In fact, most buildings exist to satisfy the needs of people. With the passing of time and change in technology, buildings have to be maintained and renovated in order to continue functioning properly for the benefits of users. Therefore, criteria and factors of success have increasingly attracted the attention of both researchers and practitioners, especially in cities where buildings become ageing. However, the topic of project success for maintenance projects is less discussed in previous research, and project participants, including maintenance surveyors should be able to identify the success measurement and its associated factors for performance improvement. This study fills the research gap by investigating the criteria and factors of success for maintenance projects. It first provides a summary of the literature review on the criteria and factors of success for construction projects. An empirical study has also been carried out with ten practitioners in Hong Kong to further identify the criteria and factors critical for the success of maintenance projects in practice. While most criteria and factors of success for new construction projects are also applicable to maintenance projects, participants in maintenance projects believe that effective communication is in particular important to provide quality service to the end-users.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.827-835
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• 2017

With the rapid progress of ageing several issues concurrently occur, and one important social issue that must be resolved is accidents involving Elderly drivers. Efforts to reduce the frequency of such accidents is a must in order to be prepared to face a superaged society. Currently people aged 65 or older are prescribed as an "Elderly person." Therefore, various studies concerning accidents involving Elderly drivers apply this age criteria to separate regular drivers and Elderly drivers. However, there is no criteria to practically discern Elderly drivers with certain physical features as vulnerable road users based on a level of acceptable accuracy. Therefore, this studies intends to compare the possibility of accidents by age group of Elderly drivers by correlation analysis to analyze the accident characteristics by age group. Results showed that for drivers aged 75 and older, their influence on major accident characteristics by vehicle type increased with higher age groups. In particular, passenger cars had a relatively low accident frequency rate for drivers aged between 70 and 80, but for drivers aged 75 to 84, they had higher influence on accidents for the same vehicle type. This demonstrates that as ageing progresses and the average life expectancy increases, the age span of elders continues to increase, meaning that characteristics differ by age group among the aged. This study confirmed that the influence on the possibility of accidents differs by age group among the aged.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.155-162
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• 2012

The population of Korea is ageing as the number of elderly people increases due to improvements in health care and diet. Accordingly, it is expected that interest in how to live actively during the years after retirement and how to communicate effectively will increase the demand for voice improvement methods and technology. However, the criteria to evaluate the voice strength and characteristics of the elderly are lacking. In this study, we analyzed the acoustic characteristics of elderly women living in the community according to residential status and mental health status (e.g. depressive mood). Accordingly, we selected women (n=63) above the age of 65 age who were living in the Seoul metropolitan area and Daegu Gyeongbuk. The selected subjects were divided into two groups: a normal speaker group (n=40) and a speaker group comprised of those suffering from depressive mood (n=23). This study analyzed the voice characteristics of subjects based on collected data through the sustained phonation of the vowel /a/. It was shown that there were differences among MPT, F0, Jitter, Shimmer and NHR depending on location of residence but no difference with regard to depressive mood. Therefore, we must consider location of residence in elderly as the key factor in demonstrating the voice norms of seniors.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-34
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• 2019

Older women who live alone are among society's most vulnerable people, since they experience increased risk of multiple chronic diseases and have limited financial protection. This can lead older women living alone to catastrophic health expenditure(CHE), which is defined as a healthcare expenditure that exceeds a certain portion of a household's ability to pay. Using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing(KLoSA), this study investigated the incidence of CHE among older women living alone and identified the factors related to this incidence. Applying health expenditure thresholds of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of ability to pay, the proportions of those with CHE were 41.3%, 22.9%, 14.6%, and 9.4%, respectively. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors related to CHE incidence, which include demographics, income, the number of chronic diseases, perceived health status, and health insurance type. The results show that the health care safety net in South Korea is insufficient for older women living alone. The findings can guide policymakers in improving healthcare and welfare policies to protect people from catastrophic payments. Particularly, welfare policies should be established for poor non-recipients who are not included within the benefits scope of the National Basic Livelihood Security System due to the unrealistic criteria of income recognition and family support obligation.