• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.514-524
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of clinical nurses over 40 years of age who were shift workers. Methods: Data were collected from in-depth interviews with 10 clinical nurses over 40 years of age who had at least 10 years of clinical experience and who worked in 5 acute care hospitals. The data were analyzed using Braun & Clark's thematic analysis. Results: One main theme, 3 themes, and 9 subthemes were derived. The main theme was "Sustaining a position still in conflict", and themes were as follows; "Being trained as a professional nurse", "Having unfavorable working conditions and damaged self-esteem", "Trying hard to get a sense of value as an experienced nurse" Conclusion: The results of this study show the issues of age and generational diversities in nurses in acute care hospitals. It is necessary to explore various ways to utilize the experience of older clinical nurses for the integrity of nursing organization and the development of the nursing profession.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.171-184
• /
• 2002

The survey was conducted from Sep. to Oct. 2001 by questionnaires in order to investigate the patterns and preference of eating out of 321 workers men in JinJu. The frequency of eating out was different with the age of subjects and the purpose for which meals were eaten. However the price of a meal was not different with the purpose of eating out except for purchasing foods at lunch or dinner. Even though small group in 30s and 40s over aged, there are some peoples willing to pay for expensive foods for family or friends. So it needs to develop luxury food items which appeal to these target customer groups. Bibimbab(rice with assorted vegetables) and Naengmyun(cold noodle) had higher ranking for a lunch on the 26-list of famous dishes of commercial restaurents in JinJu. Subjects also preferred Hanjungshik(basic type of Korean menu pattern) and Haemultang(sea food casserole) for a dinner. They had preferences Hanjungshik, Sashimi, Beef Bulgogi for business, social, family meetings. They recommended Hanjungshik, Bibimbab, Beef Bulgogi, Jangeogui(grilled eel), Sashimi to foreign tourists for the best JinJu food with pride. Subjects liked Pizza, Hamburger, Soondae(Korean sausage) for a snack in a day and Pizza, Soondae, Yangnyeumtongdak(spicy fried chicken) were preferred for a snack at night.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.119-129
• /
• 2011

Purpose: This study firstly examined the pattern and prevalence of drinking. Secondly, we investigated the association between various psychosocial work environment and problem drinking among Korean male workers in different age groups. Methods: The study sample was a weighted population of 3,289 (3,289 survey samples) men aged 20 to 64 years who responded to the 2006 Korean Working Condition Survey. Social support from colleague and supervisor, work autonomy, psychological wellbeing at work, and intellectual and emotional work demand were assessed. Results: After considering sociodemographic factors, smoking, occupational characteristics and other psychosocial work environment factors, problem drinking was associated with "intellectual work demand" for the 20~34 year old group. Social support from colleague and supervisor was significantly associated with problem drinking in the 35~49 year old group. For the 50~64 year old group, problem drinking was associated with 'work autonomy'. Conclusion: The present study clarified that certain psychosocial work environmental factors relate to problem drinking, and the association varies among different age groups.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 1995

The widespread use of VDU has improved the efficiency of information transmission between man and machine, but has caused new occupational health and ergonomics problems. In this study, we tried to construct a fuzzy hyman performance model of VDU workers in Korea. Fuzzy inferences of human perfor- mance are obtained from the fuzzy inference rule with the job difficulty, CFF, SACL, Type A. and the degree of concentration in VDU work. Eight healthy female undergraduate students at Kyungnam university for subjects aged 20 to 23 years were examined in this experiment. They calculated continuous addition, subtraction, and multiplication of 1 or 2 digit numbers that were produced randomly on the CRT. Subjects peoformed two types of a numeric operation, which easy and difficult work produced 400 and 600 problems within a 40 minute work session, respectively. Subjects were tested over two workdays according to the type of work(easy and difficult) consisting of four 40 minutes work sessions in the morning. Each work lasted for five minutes with a ten minutes rest break. 117 fuzzy inference rules were obtained from the experimental data. The value of consequent part was obtained by a descent method. The difference between real human error and estimated value of fuzzy inference was $1.8075{\pm}1.8591%(M{\pm}SD)$. The difference in easy and diffcult works were $2.69{\pm}2.13%$ and $0.92{\pm}0.93%$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.85-95
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the burn characteristics of female patients hospitalized in a burn center. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. The subjects were 222 female patients aged over 19 years old having burn injuries from work sites between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2014. Data were collected using electronic medical records about the burn-related characteristics. The data were analyzed descriptively. Results: Many of the subjects were in their forties and fifties. Most subjects showed burns with an area of less than 10% of the body surface with a severity of second degree. Scalding burns were the most frequent. Contact burns were usually of third-degree severity and occurred on hands and wrists. Flame burns affected the largest body surface area and frequently occurred on the face and mainly caused by explosion of a stove or kitchen gas. Chemical burns frequently occurred on the lower limbs. Conclusion: Female workers are exposed to the hazards of burn injuries in industrial accidents. Types of burn differ depending on the workplace conditions. Therefore, preventative measures for burn injuries should be established in accordance with the characteristics of each industry to which female workers belong.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.24 no.8
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2019

The existing smart farm technology has been systematized for the mass production rather than the consumer. There are many problems such as economical aspect to apply to actual rural environment due to aging. The purpose of this study is to apply smart farm technology based on the applicability of population aged in rural areas. Due to the heat wave, the crops in general greenhouse cultivation facilities suffered from damage such as sunlight damage. To minimize such damage, adjust the temperature and humidity environment or install a light-shielding film. However, the workers in the rural areas are aging and the elderly who are farming alone have a lot of difficulties in doing so. In the case of people with weak physical strength, there is a danger that they may lead to safety accidents when carrying heavy loads. In this paper, we propose 'Smart Palm capable of automatic transportation function', applying small smart vehicles that follow workers to existing smart farms to improve and prevent these problems. It is a smart farm that performs the control functions of the existing smart greenhouse environment, installs the rail for each trough, and has a vehicle that follows the worker. The smart app can directly control the greenhouse and the vehicle remotely manually.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.462-467
• /
• 2018

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of work on medical expenditures by the elderly. Methods: Data pertaining to individuals aged 65 or older collected by the Korean Health Panel 2008-2013 were used. The effects of work on medical expenditures were analyzed in a panel tobit model adjusted for several variables of demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, and health factors for health care. Data were also analyzed based on age groups (65-74, $75{\leq}$), type of work (waged or self-employed), and working time (daytime work or night time work). Results: Among the elderly older than 65 years, 34-37% were workers. Work among the elderly reduced medical expenditures relative to nonworking elderly. Specifically, medical expenditures were lower in individuals older than 75 years, as well as among those who were self-employed insured and had medical aid insurance and those who exercised. However, medical expenditures were higher among females, married individuals, those with a higher household income, and those with a chronic disease. Elderly wageworkers showed reduced medical expenditures than nonworking elderly and elderly daytime workers did. Conclusion: The elderly population's work, especially wage work and daytime work, reduced medical expenditures relative to no work. These results provide valuable information for policymakers by indicating that work was associated with lower medical expenditures than no work. If elderly work is to be encouraged, it is necessary to provide a variety of high-quality wage work.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.110-118
• /
• 2021

Objectives: A growing number of people depend on flexible employment, characterized by outsider employment status and perceived job insecurity. This study investigated whether there was a synergistic effect of employment status (full-time vs. part-time) and perceived job insecurity on major depressive disorder. Methods: Data were derived from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health of 12 640 of Canada's labor force population, aged 20 to 74. By combining employment status with perceived job insecurity, we formed four employment categories: full-time secure, full-time insecure, part-time secure, and part-time insecure. Results: Results showed no synergistic health effect between employment status and perceived job insecurity. Regardless of employment status (full-time vs. part-time), insecure employment was significantly associated with a high risk of major depressive disorder. Analysis of the interaction between gender and four flexible employment status showed a gender-contingent effect on this link in only full-time insecure category. Men workers with full-time insecure jobs were more likely to experience major depressive disorders than their women counterparts. Conclusions: This study's findings imply that perceived job insecurity may be a critical factor for developing major depressive disorder, in both men and women workers.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.164-176
• /
• 1998

This study deals with the current medical utilization for migrant workers and the characteristics of them. The purpose of this study is to provide the basic information to establish proper medical policy. For the study self-made questionnaire was used, which was answered by 453 migrant workers working in the area of manufacturing and non-technical work in 10 cities like Seoul, Inchon, Namyangju, Sungnam, Kwangju, Pyungchon, Kunpo, Kimpo, Masuk in Kyungki-do and Chunan in Chungchungnam-do. Besides, 303 medical records of those who had visited free medical check-up center were analyzed. The period of accumulating data is 6 months, from November 1st, 1996 to April 30th, 1997. The characteristics of migrant workers and current medical utilization are analyzed by percentage and the relation between characteristics and current medical utilization were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA. The finding of this study was as follows : 1) The number of nationality was 16. The first majority was Philippians as 32.0%. Among 16 nationalities Southeastern and Northern Asians were 48.9%, Southwestern Asian was 46.5%, the rest was 7.3%. Men were 81.0%, those who are aged from 26 to 30 were 39.0%, Graduatee from high school 92.7%, Christians 56.3%, unmarried 55.4% and salary from 600,000 Won to 800,000 Won 53.8% averaging monthly payment 669,810 Won. As for their residence, those who resided over 3 years were 31.9% and the illegal residence reached 77.4%. As for Korean language, those who speak in middle level were 5.6%. 2) As for kind of work and circumstances, manufacturing was 81.1%, 4 off-days per month 72.2% and 9-10 working hours per day 42.1%. As for accommodation, residence in fabric was 62.6% and one or two members as roommate 40.2%. 3) The characteristics of health behavior showed that 89.4% of migrant workers had 3 meals, 70.9% of them did not drink alcohol, 73.5% of them did not smoke. 4) As a characteristic of health status, 71.8% of them perceived of their health. 76.1% thought that they had no illness before coming Korea. Among them who recognized their illness, those who had problem in circulatory system was 35.3%, respiratory system ENT 19.1% and nervous system 19.1%.66.2% of those having illness had already had sickness when coming to Korea. 5) During last one month, 79.2% of them were known as ones having no illness. Among the sick, those who had problem in circulatory system was 31.6%, nervous system 23.7% and respiratory system 21.1%. 60.3% of the sick were not cured at that time. 6) Sorting the symptom of those who visited free medical check up, dental care was 24.2%, orthopedic 14.0% and digestive system 13.8%. Teethache was 34.4%, stomach problem 11.6%, upper respiratory inflammation 10.2% and back pain 5.9%. Averagely they visited free medical check up 1-2 times. According to symptom, epilepsy 25.5 times, heart and vascular disease 9 times, constipation 2.8%, neurosis 2.38 times and stomach problem 2.34 times. 7) The most frequently visited medical service by migrant workers was hospital. The most mentioned reason was good healing as 36.3%. The medical service satisfied migrant workers mostly was hospital as 64.3%. The reason of satisfaction was also good healing as 45.9%. 8) 77.2% of respondents did not spend money for medical check. Average monthly medical cost was 25,100 Won, 3.7% of income. Those who had no medical security was 73.4%. In their case, 67.7% got discount from hospital or support from working place and religious organization. 9) As for the difference of medical utilization according for the characteristics of migrant workers, legal workers and no-Korean speaker used hospital more frequently. 10) Those who were satisfied most of all with the service of hospital were female workers, hinduists and buddhists, legal workers or manufacture workers. 11) Christians, those who have 3 meals or recognize themselves as healthy ones mostly had no illness. As a result, the most of migrant workers in Korea are from Asia. They are good educated but are working in manufacturing and illegal. Their average income is under 700,000 Won which in not enough for medical cost. They have no medical security and medical fee is supported by religious organization or discounted. Considering these facts the medical policy by government is to be established.

• Journal of the Korea society of information convergence
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2012

Korea has entered into an aging society at an exceptionally high speed. Increasing aged workers give pressure on Korean companies with seniority based pay system with labor costs. The wage peak system has been introduced to Korean companies as an alternative to early retirements. The wage peak system currently adopted in Korea is mainly the aging-limit-security model. But in the future we should actively adopt the employment-extension model. To operate wage peak system successfully, I suggest introduction of the individual wage peak system, development of suitable jobs for the aged, selective application by job classification, incentive graded by performance evaluation, and working hour reduction with the decreased rate of wage.