• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.550-556
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• 2009

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the relationship of slaughter age and carcass traits of Hanwoo cattle. A total number of 11,284 heads of cattle (4,624 bulls, 6,120 steers, and 540 females) were used in the experiment (Exp.) 1. In the Exp. 2, 3,887 heads of steers slaughtered at age of 24-36 mon were used. After 24 h post-slaughter chilling, the carcasses were weighed and evaluated by an official grader of carcass traits according to the Korean carcass grading standard. Backfat thickness was the main variable in yield index and grade whereas marbling score was the main variable in carcass quality grade. Meat color was an important factor affecting carcass quality grade of bulls; fat color was an important factor affecting those of steers and females; and maturity was an important factor affecting that of females. After 24-mon-old, extension of slaughter age did not automatically increase the quantity and quality of meat. However, 29 mon of age can be regarded as the optimum time to slaughter steers to attain the highest take home money for farmers.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.490-495
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• 2006

The analysis method proposed by PCA is widely used in calculating the column shortening of reinforced and composite columns of a tall building. However, residual creep factor which relates creep strain of reinforced concrete to creep strain of plain concrete is based on Rate of Creep Method (RCM) which has theoretical defects and is considered obsolete. In this paper, a new equation for the residual creep factor based on Age-adjusted Effective Modulus Method (AEMM) which is considered exact and better than RCM is proposed. The residual creep factor by RCM is found to be higher than one by AEMM, which means current PCA method overestimates the shortening of a reinforced concrete column. By using the residual creep factor by AEMM, more exact column shortening of a tall building can be obtainable with a simple modification to PCA method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.463-470
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• 1995

Anthropological measurements concerning 29 items were made on 37 adult males aged from 20 to 60. Factor analysis was applied in all 36 items. The main results are as gallows 1. Neck girth and need base girth are smaller. in the elder croup than the gouger group. 2. These decrease occur in the frontal part of the neck. 3. Neck frontal width decreases with age, but side depth increases. 4. The back part of the body depth at the level of the shoulder increases with age. 5. For the factor analysis, the third factor is a factor of forms, the variations of which has a relation with age.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.49-58
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• 2022

The differentiation and development of preadipocyte into mature adipocyte are regulated by transcription factors, such as CCAAT enhancer binding protein (Cebp) gene family and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (Srebp1). Steroid hormones give influences on the development and function of adipocyte. The present research examined expression patterns of CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (Cebpa), CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (Cebpb), CCAAT enhancer binding protein gamma (Cebpg), sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (Srebp1), androgen receptor (Ar), and estrogen receptors (Esr) among different epididymal fat parts during postnatal period by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In the distal epididymal fat, expression of Cebpa, Cebpb, Cebpg, Srebp1, Ar, and Esr2 was increased until 12 months of age, while expression of Esr1 was decreased at 5 months of age and was not detectable after 8 months of age. In the proximal epididymal fat, transcript levels of Cebps and Srebp1 were increased at 8 months of age, followed by decreases of Cebpb and Cebpg transcript levels at 12 months of age. An additional increase of Srebp1 expression was observed at 12 months of age. Expression of Ar and Esr2 were increased until 8 months of age, followed by a drop of Ar expression level at 12 months of age. Expression pattern of Esr1 was similar to that in the distal epididymal fat. In the tail epididymal fat, expression of Cebpa, Cebpg, Srebp1, Ar, and Esr2 was increased with age. Esr1 was not detectable at all. The highest level of Cebpb was observed at 8 months of age. These data suggest the possibility of developmental and functional differentiation among the epididymal fat parts.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.73-89
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• 2020

This study validates an abridged version of the age integration scale by Chung et al. (2015), which constitutes sub-dimensions of age flexibility and age heterogeneity-from Riley et al. (1994)-and observes disparities in the perception of age integration among different socio-cultural characteristics. This study analyzed 1,433 people in the "Age Integration and Generation Integration Survey" data, with the support of the Social Science Competency Enhancement Project (SSK) (supported by the Korea Research Foundation). This paper analyzed the data using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, multiple-group factor analysis, and a compare means test. The results are as follows. First, the scale was abridged to 13 items from 28, of which eight items concern age heterogeneity and five concern age flexibility. Second, the multi-group analysis did not show a significant difference among younger, middle, and older age groups, therefore allowing the scale to be used among all age groups. Third, when sociocultural characteristics were observed, younger adults showed differences in their levels of age integration, age heterogeneity, and age flexibility regarding their residential area. Middle-aged adults showed dif f erences in their levels of age integration, age heterogeneity, and age flexibility regarding their residential area and social status. Older adults showed differences in their level of age integration regarding their residential area, education level, and social status. They also showed differences in the level of age flexibility regarding their residential area and social status and differences in the level of age heterogeneity regarding their residential area and education. Based on the results of the study, political and practical measures to promote perception on age integration in the future were suggested.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.58-76
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• 1994

In order to study factors affecting the use of the ambulatory physician services. Andersen's model for health utilization was modified by adding the health behavior component and examined with three different approaches. Three different approaches were the multiople regression model, logistic regression model, and LISREL model. For multiple regression, dependent variable was reported illness-related visits to a physician during past one year and independent variables are variaous variables measuring predisposing factor, enabling factor, need factor and health behavior. For the logistic regression, dependent variable was visit or no-visit to a physician during past one year and independent variables were same as the multiple regression analysis. For the LISREL, five endogenous variables of health utiliztion, predisposing factor, enabling factor, need factor, and health behavior and 20 exogeneous variables which measures five endogenous variables were used. According to the multiple regression analysis, chronic illness, health status, perceived health status of the need factor; residence, sex, age, marital status, education of the predisposing factor ; health insurance, usual source for medical care of enabling factor were the siginificant exploratory variables for the health utilization. Out of the logistic regression analysis, health status, chronic illness, residence, marital status, education, drinking, use of health aid were found to be significant exploratory variables. From LISREL, need factor affect utilization most following by predisposing factor, enabling factor and health behavior. For LISREL model, age, education, and residence for predisposing factor; health status, chronic illess, and perceived health status for need factor; medical insurance for enabling factor; and doing any kind of health behavior for the health behavior were found as the significant observed variables for each theoretical variables.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.85-107
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• 2004

This study classified figure types of adult males into several kinds of shape to provide fundamental data for their clothing sizing system. The subjects were 1496 men aged between 20 and 60 years old. Data were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis. The results were as follows 1. For the result of the interview, the data were grouped into three age brackets: 20-35,31-45 and 41-60 years. 2. Factor analysis using values, which were measurements divided by either weight or height, was carried out to extract factors which characterize the various figures. fve factors to determine the figure types were extracted. 3. Cluster analysis using factor scores was carried out to categorize the figure types within the age groups. Figure types, describing shoulder angie and body shape, were categorized into 3 per age group. 4. Stepwise discriminant analysis w3s used to ensure that these clusters could be utilized with appropriate hit ratio. The hit ratio for each age group was around 80%.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.123-135
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clothing behaviors and wearing sensation of ready-to-wear of the elderly woman who residing in the Pusan and Kimhae. The subjects were elderly woman who assessed the wearing sensation of slacks, jacket 1(1-2button), jacket 2(over 4button), and jumper. The results were as follows: 1. In the analysis of the clothing behaviors factors, the factor 1 was the concern about the appearance, the factor 2 was mental dependency about the clothes, the factor 3 was the satisfaction about the clothes and the factor 4 was the concern about the fashion. 2. As for the wearing sensation of the slacks, waist and thigh of the slacks was large and slacks length and crotch length was long. As for the wearing sensation of the jacket 1, over the age of 70 years was more satisfied than under the age of 70 for the wearing sensation of bust, waist, hip, and sleeve length. As for the wearing sensation of the jacket 2, under the age of 70 years was more satisfied than over the age of 70 for the wearing sensation of sleeve length and location of the armhole. As for the wearing sensation of the jumper, the area showed significant difference in waist. Jumper was larger than jacket.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.19-34
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional hand-related dimensions of elderly women aged 70 to 84 years and to characterize them to develop safety gloves for dementia patients. The 3D data from the 8th Human Size Survey of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Size Korea, were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 program. The straight thumb length was longer in elderly women aged 70-74 than in those aged 80-84. To analyze the hand type of elderly women, four factors were categorized: hand and finger horizontal factor, hand vertical factor, finger digit V thickness factor, and finger length factor. Elderly women's hand types were categorized as 'long hands and thin fingers', 'thick hands with long fingers', and 'short hands and thick little fingers'. Elderly women aged 70-74 years and 80-84 years were analyzed as having the most 'long hands and thin fingers' type, while older women aged 75-79 years were analyzed as having the most 'thick hands and long fingers' type. It is known that the fingers get thicker and the size of hands increase as age advances, but by the age 80, there is a change in the size of hands again. In future research, it would be worth expanding to other age groups to explore differences between age groups and to develop safety gloves for real-world dementia patients based on the hand types analyzed.

• MALSORI
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• no.60
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• pp.13-28
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• 2006

This study focused on comparing the following acoustic changes according to age and sex in adulthood: Fo, Jitter, Shimmer, and NHR. One hundred twenty Korean adults were divided into three age groups (20's, 50's, and 70's) and two sex groups (male and female). The subjects of this study performed three tasks: (1) sustained three vowels; (2) read on paragraph of 'Taking a Walk' (3) explained a picture. The data was analyzed using the MDVP of Multi-Speech. In the parameter of Fo, sex and age were influential factors. In the parameters of Jitter, Shimmer and NHR, the effect of sex and age was different in all three parameters. When the groups organized by sex were analyzed by age, the 20's group showed a statistical difference in all four parameters (Fo, Jitter, Shimmer, and NKR), when compared to the other two age ranges of 50's and 70's. We need to consider our standard parameter for the normal voice in the Korean elderly because the 50's and 70's age normal groups in our study are out of the current range of normal in MDVP.