• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.32
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• pp.169-207
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• 2006

This study conducted both a content analysis and Q-methods analysis in order to find media coverage and recognition type of users about ubiquitous environment in digital online age. The perception type of this study were divided into four types in all through Q-methodology. Above all, this study investigated three research problems. First, how is the type of the perception divided into the subjectivity by recognition-characteristic on ubiquitous environment in Korea? Second, what is a trait of character in these same or different types? Third, how did news media cover ubiquitous phenomena overall? Fourth, is there any difference between media coverage and audiences' perception about ubiquitous phenomena? The results show that audiences seem to generally follow the frames that mass media provide. In addition, however, the audiences tend to recognize ubiquitous environment based upon their own schema as following four types: 1. Positive Universality Leading Type, 2. Uncertain Prudence Preference Type, 3. Future Cultural Enjoyment Type, 4. Negative Effect View Type. This study suggests that every efforts such as technology and policies that can improve the quality of ubiquitous environment in Korea should be accompanied.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2010

Korea was experienced more forest fire occurrence compared to an area. As a forest fire occurrence from man caused burning for a farming increased and was one of the main reasons of forest fire occurrence in Korea, agriculturist-was a main reason of forest fire occurrence-opinion analysis was needed for forest fire prevention from this reason. Therefore, we asked agriculturist who live in province frequently experienced a forest fire from the burning for farming to answer questions. In result, a half of the respondents have a burning experience for farming and the main reason of the burning was the clearance around farmlands. In result of survey about recognition rate of forest fire prevention policy (forest fire season, incineration inhibition within 100 m from forest, license system for burning, joint burning system by a rural community, imposing a fine for burning) was almost high except license system for the burning, In the result about analysis according to ages and provinces, the recognition rate was high in province experienced severe forest fire damage and low in below 40 years group. So, the direction of forest fire prevention policy would need to be mediated in the view of agriculturist who need to use a fire because of farming labor shortage and higher age. And a consolidated education of forest fire prevention would be needed to agriculturist who live in province experienced rarely forest fire and in below 40 years group.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.663-674
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• 2005

The factors for the childhood onset obesity were assessed to provide informations for the nutrition education program targeting the primary school children. The subjects of this study were 529 primary school children in Iksan City, Jeon-buk Province. Children were classified into obese(236) and control(293) groups by the obesity index. Anthropometric measurement dietary intake through 24-hour recall method, blood analysis and questionnaire response including nutritional knowledge and attitude, body image recognition and eating habits were conducted The mean age of subject was 12.0 years. The average body weight(p<0.001), BMI(p<0.001), and obesity index(p<0.001) in obese group were significantly different from those in control group; their values in the former were 26.5 kg/m2 and $37.7\%$ and 43.0 kg, 19.8 kg/m2 and $3.2\%$ in the latter, respectively. The average scores of self-satisfaction were significantly different in two groups (p<0.001), 31.2, and 34.1, respectively. Among the obese subjects, $60.6\%$ were unsatisfied or very unsatisfied with their body image, and $76.5\%$ had experiences of weight control and $67.5\%$ took diet control as a weight control method Among mothers of obese subjects, $89.1\%$ were unsatisfied with their children's body image. $64.4\%$ of obese subjects had obese parents. Average intake of energy were $76.7\%$ of RDA in obese group and $74.9\%$ of RDA in control group. Average intake of cereals(p<0.01), potatoes & starch(p<0.01) and eggs(p<0.01) between obese and control subjects were significantly different; 295.4g, 76.2g, 55.6g in the former and 277.9g, 38.1g, 45.6g in the latter, respectively. The mean serum triglyceride(p<0.05), GPT(p<0.05), hemoglobin(p<0.001) concentration of the obses and control subjects were significantly different; in the former, 103.6mg/dL, 24.6U/L, 13.4g/dL, and in the latter, 93.7mg/dL, 19.9U/L, 13.1g/dL, respectively, The results suggest that practical nutrition education for the prevention of childhood onset obese should be provided to primary school children.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.137-148
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• 2020

While the diversity of consumer choices due to the increased information in the digital age is positive, there are also many problems with the information overload. There are even situations in which consumers can not make the best choices under the weight of information. The purpose of this study is to look at how information overload plays a role in influencing online consumer behavior. With factors related to characteristics of the shopping mall, the recognition of the mall, the quality of the mall, the composition of the shopping mall, and the purchase recommendation service were set to analyze how these variables change the behavior of online consumers when information overload appears. According to the analysis results, all of characteristic factors of shopping malls set up in this paper are analyzed to have a constant effect on the behavior of online consumers, and information overload also has a constant medium effect on the recognition of shopping malls, the quality and the structure of shopping malls, and the provision of purchase recommendation services. And characteristic factors of shopping malls are also showing positive effects on online consumer behavior in information overload situations.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.218-226
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• 2019

In old age, measures to cope with the natural phenomenon of aging and various diseases of the elderly due to the deterioration of physical function are also a challenge for this society. While interest in systematic health is increasing, it is true that awareness and interest in oral-related diseases is relatively lacking. This study aims to present basic data necessary to improve the quality of life for senior citizens aged 65 or older by improving the oral dryness caused by systemic health. By research method, improve oral dryness caused by whole-body health with the elderly over 65 and promote their oral health, inducing the increase of the salivary flow rate through oral health care education, oral exercise, and salivary gland massage. First, on the DMSQ according to the general characteristics of the elderly, the recognition of the whole body and oral health status, independent sample t-test and One-way ANOVA were conducted. Second, on changes in the salivary flow rate and saliva pH according to the general characteristics of the elderly, recognition of oral and whole-body health status, and whole-body health, paired samples t-test was conducted. Studies have shown that salivary gland flow increased significantly after oral exercise and salivary gland massage, the salivary flow rate significantly increased. In all variables of the recognition of the oral health status, the salivary flow rate increased after oral exercise and salivary gland massage, and in the whole-body health, regardless of hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and osteoporosis, the salivary flow rate increased after oral exercise and salivary gland massage, and the salivary flow rate increased after oral exercise and salivary gland massage if the subjects responded that they did not have thyroid abnormality, anemia, abnormalities of breathing, hypotension, gastrointestinal disturbance, or kidney diseases. As a comprehensive analysis of this study, many felt oral dryness when they had a problem with the whole-body health, and many felt oral dryness when they had a problem with oral health cognition. After applying oral exercise and salivary gland massage as intervention methods in the oral health care for the elderly, the salivary flow rate significantly increased, and it is judged that the methods were very effective for controlling oral dryness. Furthermore, it is judged that the factors affecting oral health, whole-body health, and oral dryness would be identified, which would be helpful for the promotion of whole-body health and oral health. It is judged that continuous research would be needed so that measures for the application of the oral care program and system for the elderly would be prepared in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.33-48
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• 2023

In this paper we consider automatic speech recognition (ASR) for Korean speech data in which elderly persons randomly speak a sequence of words such as animals and vegetables for one minute. Most of the speakers are over 60 years old and some of them are dementia patients. The goal is to compare deep-learning based ASR models for such data and to find models with good performance. ASR is a technology that can recognize spoken words and convert them into written text by computers. Recently, many deep-learning models with good performance have been developed for ASR. Training data for such models are mostly composed of the form of sentences. Furthermore, the speakers in the data should be able to pronounce accurately in most cases. However, in our data, most of the speakers are over the age of 60 and often have incorrect pronunciation. Also, it is Korean speech data in which speakers randomly say series of words, not sentences, for one minute. Therefore, pre-trained models based on typical training data may not be suitable for our data, and hence we train deep-learning based ASR models from scratch using our data. We also apply some data augmentation methods due to small data size.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.122-138
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• 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted to develop a Korean Medicine(KM) Clinical Practice Guidelines(CPG) of female infertility. We conducted this questionnaire survey to reflect the experiences of Korean Medicine doctors(KMD) and clinical field in Korea. Method: We sent a questionnaire survey to KMD belonging to the Association of Korean Medicine by e-mail. We received 665 responds, and analyzed the answers. Results: 51.2% of respondents knew the previously developed CPG of female infertility, and 18.3% actually used. 83.3% agreed about the necessity of CPG of female infertility, and 80.3% had practical use plan. 90.2% of respondents treated less than 5 infertility woman for a month. 22.7% of respondents treated 50% of patients with collaborative treatment of KM and Western medical treatments. The main age group of patients was '35~40 years'(54.7%), and the most common cause was unexplained infertility(61.7%). The most common pattern identification of female infertility patients was Kidney deficiency(55.4%). KMD used 'a combination of decoction of herbal medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment' the most(43%), and 'a decoction of herbal medicine treatment alone' was next(35%). 84.2% conducted lifestyle modification education about diet, stress, exercise etc. Conclusion: We figured out Korean Medicine doctors' recognition about CPG of female infertility, preference of treatments, and also characteristics of patients visiting Korean Medical clinics to make a practical CPG reflecting clinical situation.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.267-282
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• 2002

For the effective study of Korean modernization from the 18th century to the present, three areas have been investigated in my paper: the age of dawn in recognizing the necessity of modernism, the era of experimentation from recognition to practice, and the development of modernism in literature: from the 1930s to the present. Through whole process of discussing those matters, Koreanity- identifying itself to be Korean - has been emphasized. While the so-called traditional values confronted with the whole turmoil of socio-political demolitions in the name of modernization, westernization, and culturalization, Korean intellectuals tried to emphasize how important it was to keep Korean identities, namely the Koreanity. Such examples can be seen in the activities of Northern School and Moderate School. Though Koreans had to have a short hair cut in contradiction with their traditional morality to be modernized/westernized/cultivated, it was a turning point for them to take a step toward the international world. During the period of Korean modernization through the impact of Western world, Korean language-hangul- has been cultivated to the highest level in comparison with two foreign languages: Japanese and English. Those Korean linguists who were familiar with these two languages made Korean grammar systematic and they understood the importance of preserving Koreanity in the course of pursuing modem western society. In this sense, Korean modernism is related to the cultural glocalism(globalism+ localism), not to the cultural globalism. Through the help of socio-political modernization, Korean literature in modernism has been full bloomed in the early years of 1930s. One of the leading poets was Sang Lee whose poetic heritage is inherited by those groups of 1950s and I 960s. Among many others, Chunsu Kim and Sunghun Lee were the main figures in realizing the fact the poetry is written in Korean which they considered the body, the soul, and the mother land.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.512-517
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• 2016

Background Studies of the ear-molding technique have emphasized the importance of initiating molding early to achieve the best results. In the present study, we describe the immediate effects and long-term outcomes of this technique, focusing on children who were older than the ideal age of treatment initiation. Methods Patients who visited our institution from July 2014 to November 2015 were included. Medical charts were reviewed to collect data on demographics, the duration of treatment, the types of deformities, and the manner of recognition of the deformity and referral to our institution. Parents were surveyed to assess the degree of improvement, the level of procedural discomfort at the end of treatment, any changes in the shape of the molded auricle, and overall satisfaction 12 months after their last follow-up visits. Results A review of 28 ears in 18 patients was conducted, including the following types of deformities: constricted ear (64.2%), Stahl ear (21.4%), prominent ear (7.1%), and cryptotia (7.1%). The average score for the degree of improvement, rated on a 5-point scale (1, very poor; 5, excellent), was 3.5 at the end of treatment, with a score of 2.6 for procedural discomfort (1, very mild; 5, very severe). After 12 months, the shapes of all ears were well maintained. The average overall satisfaction score was 3.6 (1, very dissatisfied; 5, very satisfied). Conclusions We had reasonable outcomes in older patients. After 1 year of follow-up, these outcomes were well maintained. Patients past the ideal age at presentation can still be candidates for the molding technique.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.181-192
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the outdoorwear satisfaction of silver consumers and their purchase behavior according to age. The survey participants in this study were 100 elders who were climbing the Bukhan mountain; 68 among them were new silver group in range of 55-64 years old. As the subjects were old people who had a relatively low level of cognitive ability, self-administration method and interview were employed together. The collected data were analyzed with t-Test and x2 -test. The results follow: the new silver group had purchased more and spent more money on outdoorwear. The brand recognition, purchase place, purchase criteria, and dissatisfaction factors of silver groups were different from those from new silver groups. The quality and design/color were thought to be needed for improvement for a new silver group, while quality and comfort/wearability were for silver group.