• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.191-201
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• 2022

This study aims to segment the rural tourists markets according to benefits sought after the COVID-19 outbreak. Data were collected from 284 usable visits in 20 rural tourism village. Results show that it was classified into three clusters from factor-cluster analysis, The first cluster was 'negative participation type', and the overall pursuing benefit factor was low. The second cluster was 'complex pursuit type', and all the pursuing benefit factors were higher than the average. The third cluster was 'experience-seeking type', and the benefits of pursuing rural experiences, special experiences, and intimacy were high. Each cluster showed differences in educational background, age, residential area, type of visit, awareness, satisfaction, and behavioral intention of rural tourism villages.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.731-744
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• 2005

Ninety Hanwoo steers(initial BW=167.2$\pm$13.4kg) were used to determine the effect of energy concentrations in concentrates and slaughter age on performance, carcass characteristics. Steers were allotted by BW to one of eighteen pens. Eighteen pens were randomly allotted to a low(70-70-71-72% for the growing, the early, the middle or the late fattening periods), medium(70-71-72-73%) or high(70-72- 73-74%) TDN level of concentrates. Five steers for each treatment of energy level were slaughtered every one month from 26 month of age to 31 month of age. Concentrates was fed restrictedly to achieve a predicted gain of 0.7-0.9kg from growing stage to middle fattening stage. All steers were fed orchard grass(Dactylis glomerata L.) hay as roughage during the growing period, fed rice straw gradually substituted for orchard grass hay during the early fattening period, and fed rice straw only thereafter. Overall body weight and feed intake were not affected by TDN levels of concentrates. Average daily gain for all treatments was higher than 0.9kg/d during the 19-21 month of age and decrease thereafter, but sustained above 0.7kg/d. Mean concentrates intake for all treatments was 1.0-1.3% of live BW during the growing period and 1.5% during the early fattening. Thereafter, it decreased up to 1.4% during the middle fattening and 1.0% during late fattening period. Delay of slaughter end point resulted in a gradual increase of rib-eye area, back fat thickness and marbling score, especially after slaughter age of 29 month there was significant increases(P<0.05). The appearance rate of 1+ and 1 grade related to the slaughter ages was 100% at 29, 30 and 31 months of age, whereas those at 26, 27 and 28 months were 93, 86 and 80%, respectively. Dressing rate was significantly(P<0.05) increased and rate of retailed cut weight significantly(P<0.05) decreased when slaughter age increased. In economic analysis, there was pronounced increase in net income up to 32-46% after slaughter age of 29 months. Under the conditions of this study, high TDN intake is not necessarily required for high quality Hanwoo meat production and slaughter age of 29 month might be the optimum for Hanwoo steers.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.16-27
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• 2022

In Korea, children aged 5 to 11 have been vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from March 2022. Due to this age group not being at a high risk of developing severe COVID-19 symptoms, each major country has different, circumstance dependent, immunization policies for children. In this review, the COVID-19 vaccination policies for 5-11 years old children in major countries were reviewed and considerations were presented for Korea, where children 5-11 years old are starting to get vaccinated against COVID-19.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.596-600
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• 1995

A total of 21 patients with pulmonary sequestration who had undergone surgical treatment were reviewed at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery of catholic university medical college from May 1983 through May 1993. The pulmonary sequestration was intralobar in 19 patients, and extralobar in 2 patients. There were 17 woman and 4 man ranging of age from 17 months to 48 years with a mean age of 21.3 years. Clinical manifestations were varied from no symptom[3 cases to recurrent pneumonia[15 cases , and hemoptysis[3 cases . Preoperative diagnosis was correct in only 6 cases[29% of the 21 patients of pulmonary sequestration . The left lower lobe[11 cases is most often affected in intralobar sequestration. The aberrant artery in intralobar sequestration originated in 13 cases[68% of 19 cases from descending aorta. 15 of the 19 patients of intralobar type underwent lobectomy. The extralobar sequestration[2 cases were simply excised. There was no mortality and no complication.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.571-578
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to compare menu patterns by the meal and age (10- 19, 20- 49, 50 - 69, 70 - 84 years old) in Korea rural areas. Frequently consumed menu patterns were investigated using the 24-hour recall method with 1,185 subjects in 5 Korea rural areas for the spring, summer, fill and winter. Results were as follow : most frequently used basic menu pattern, excluding side dish, was rice + soup in breakfast, and was only rice in lunch and dinner. Most frequent menu pattern by the number of side dish was rice + soup + kimchi + 1 side dish in the breakfast and dinner. The Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) in the dinner is higher than that of the breakfast. For the 10 - 19 and 70 - 84 years old, frequently used menu pattern was rice + stew + kimchi + 1 side dish. Most frequently used menu patterns, was rice + soup + kimchi + 1 side dish for the 20 - 29 years old, was rice + stew + kimchi for the 50 - 69 years old. MAR with the same menu pattern in 10 - 19 years old is higher than that of 70 - 84 years old. Intake frequency of menu pattern including noodles was higher in 10 - 19 and 20 - 49 years old than that of the other age groups. With these results, for the nutrition program in the community menu patterns should be carefully examined by the meal and age. The result from this study can be used as basic data for nutrition education program in Korean rural areas.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2010

Epidemiological evidence of the effects of dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, and anthropometric indexes on blood pressure is still inconsistent. To investigate the relationship between dietary factors or anthropometric indexes and hypertension risk, we examined the association of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) with sodium, calcium, and potassium intakes and anthropometric indexes in 19~49-year-olds using data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) III. Total of 2,761 young and middle aged adults (574 aged 19~29 years and 2,187 aged 30~49 years) were selected from KNHANES III. General information, nutritional status, and anthropometric data were compared between two age groups (19~29 years old and 30~49 years old). The relevance of blood pressure and risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, and the intakes of sodium, potassium, and calcium was determined by multiple regression analysis. Multiple regression models showed that waist circumference, weight, and BMI were positively associated with SBP and DBP in both age groups. Sodium and potassium intakes were not associated with either SBP or DBP. Among 30~49-year-olds, calcium was inversely associated with both SBP and DBP (P = 0.012 and 0.010, respectively). Our findings suggest that encouraging calcium consumption and weight control may play an important role in the primary prevention and management of hypertension in early adulthood.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2005

Two hundreds of female aged 19 years old and up were recruited to evaluate the postural changes and bilateral variation of asymmetry over age. To find out the differences among the age group, subjects were classified into 5 groups, early young age(19-29), late young age(30-39), early middle age(40-49), late middle age(50-59), and old age(60-). 35 body measurements were taken by the 3-D body scanner which allowed us to take measurements which cannot be measured using traditional methods, including the shape of a cross section, slice area surface are, and volume. Bilateral variations were observed as a function of age; Depth of scapular point level, scapular point to center back, and blade angle. Postural change of anterior cervical angle, upper anterior thoracic angle, upper posterior thoracic angle, posterior cervical angle, and center back/center front ratio were also exhibited. In each measurements, subjects were classified into normal, and abnormal group. Percentiles of abnormal in shoulder line angle, blade angle, neck point $\∼$ acromial point $\∼$ scapular point, posterior cervical angle, and upper posterior thoracic angle were increased over age group. The upper body of lateral view was classified into 3 types of posture based on the previous research; straight, erect(leaning back), and stooped(bent forward). The percentiles of subjects who have straight postures were decreased as a function of age, but those of stooped postures were increased. Subjects who have erect postures did not so. The stooped posture group shows the big cervical fossa angle, anterior cervical angle, posterior cervical angle, upper posterior thoracic angle, and the small upper anterior thoracic angle comparing to the straight and erect posture group. These results could be apply for clothing construction reflecting the changes in back, shoulder, neck, and the bilateral asymmetry according to the target age group.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.37-42
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• 2016

Purpose: Arterial injury in children is a challenging problem for its special characteristics. It is rare even during warfare. This review described a personal experience in the management and outcome of acute pediatric arterial injuries of extremities. Methods: Thirty-six children below age of 13 years were studied during period from 2004 through 2014 in Iraq. Results: Male patients were 27 (75%) and female were 9 (25%). Seven to twelve years old was the most affected age group. The incidence of iatrogenic injuries was greater in infants and toddlers while penetrating injuries were the most common in older children. Upper limbs arteries were affected in 17 (47.2%) and lower limb in 19 (52.8%) patients. Hard signs were the commonest mode of presentation (83.3%). Lateral wall tear and complete transection were the most frequent types of arterial injury (36.1% and 27.8% respectively). The most frequent procedures performed were end-to-end anastomosis and lateral arteriorrhaphy. Surgical outcome was good. In 27 cases distal pulsations were regained. Seven cases had impalpable distal pulses but still viable limbs. Limb length discrepancy was detected in one case. One case was complicated with limb loss. No death was recorded. Conclusion: Arterial injuries in children are age related. The proper treatment of arterial injuries in children requires high index of suspicion, early operative intervention and continuous postoperative follow-up throughout years of active growth. Angiogram has a limited role as a diagnostic tool in acute arterial injuries.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.55-65
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the status and realities of mental health counseling experiences among adults using the 2022 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHNES) data. The goal is to provide policy recommendations for enhancing mental health services. Research Methods: Utilizing secondary data analysis of the 2022 survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency(KDCPA), this study applied statistical techniques including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression to evaluate counseling experiences based on age, gender, residential area, and income levels. Results: The study included 5,256 participants, with the highest proportion being those aged 60-69 (21.3%) and the lowest aged 19-29 (11.7%). Females constituted 56.5% of the sample, while males made up 43.5%. Older adults (60-69 and 70+) had significantly lower counseling experience rates compared to younger adults (19-29). Females had higher counseling experience rates than males, indicating gender differences in mental health service utilization. Urban residents had higher counseling experience rates than rural residents, suggesting better access to mental health services in urban areas. Lower income levels were associated with higher counseling experience rates, highlighting the need for targeted mental health support for economically disadvantaged groups. Conclusions: The study recommends developing age-specific, gender-sensitive, and regionally tailored mental health programs to improve accessibility and effectiveness. Additionally, policies should focus on enhancing mental health support for low-income individuals to address the socioeconomic disparities in mental health service utilization.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.297-309
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors relating to COVID-19 knowledge and resilience that impact elementary school health teacher performance at infection control. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from 140 elementary school health teachers by convenience sampling. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS Ver. 26.0. Results: Mean scores were as follows COVID-19 knowledge 17.99±2.37 (range 0-23), resilience 120.36±16.90 (range 30-150), and performance at infection control 85.91±10.07 (range 25-100). A positive correlation was observed between resilience and infection control performance (r=0.57, p<.001). Factors found to influence participant performance at infection control were resilience (𝛽=0.54, p<.001) and two categories of educational experience: 11-15 years (𝛽 = 0.24, p=.011) and more than 20 years (𝛽=0.29, p=.044). Conclusion: These results indicate the resilience of elementary school health teachers positively affects their performance at infection control. Generally, both age and work experience affected ability to perform infection control. Therefore, this study supports the need to develop programs to increase the resilience of elementary school health teachers according to infection control performance and age.